資料No. : NS140827 

I-1 TOEIC, TOEFL練習問題
(1) TOEIC
'1. After hours of consideration, Peter finally ------- up with a catchy name for the new product.
(A) came (B) looked (C) met (D) signed

'2. When Judy told Dan that she created the game software -------, he didn't quite believe her.
(A) her  (B) her own  (C) hers  (D) herself

'3. Needing relief from the issues ------- heavily on her mind, Betty made an appointment for a massage at a local spa.
(A) weigh  (B) weighing  (C) weight  (D) weighty

(2) TOEFL
'1. Throughout most of human history, fur has been obtained through ----- of wild animals, but today the vast majority of fur comes from ranches and fur farms.
(A) to hunt and trap (B) the hunting and trapping (C) the hunted and trapped (D) hunt and trap

'2. The primary function of a space suit is ----- from the deadly radiation, extreme decompression and temperature extremes of space.
(A) the wearer is kept safe (B) keeping the wearer safe 
(C) to keep the wearer safe (D) keeps the wearer safe

'3. James K. Polk ----- into office on March 4, 1845 as the 11th American president.
(A) was sworn (B) swore (C) sworn (D) had sworn

'4. Spanish explorers conceived of the construction of a canal linking the Atlantic and Pacific oceans as early as 1502, but ----- was successfully carried out until the Panama Canal was finally opened in 1914.
(A) none plan like it (B) no such plan (C) never such a plan (D) nor any plan

'5. "Wearable" computer equipment will begin to emerge as soon as comfortable, aesthetically pleasing fabrics incorporating insulated, electrically conductive fibers ----- developed.
(A) can (B) are to be (C) are being (D) are

'6. (A)Hundreds of plays by Sophocles (B)have been lost, (C)with only short fragments or second-hand references (D)to remain.

'7. George Washington (A)was considered (B)a war hero when (C)was elected (D)America's first president.

'8. Some public policy experts have argued (A)that the system should not let welfare recipients (B)to receive benefits (C)without proving that they are actively seeking out (D)employment.

'9. The philosophical tradition (A)originated by Aristotle (B)has been (C)highly regarded in the world of medieval Islamic (D)thought.

'10. (A)The Galician language is very (B)closely related (C)to (D)that of Portuguese.

I-2 TOEIC, TOEFL 練習問題解答
(1) TOEIC
'1. After hours of consideration, Peter finally ------- up with a catchy name for the new product.
(A) came (B) looked (C) met (D) signed
訳 何時間も熟考したあとで、ようやくピーターは人の注意を引きそうな新製品名を考え出した。
※正解(A)。解説 熟語の問題。come up with ...で「…を思い付く;…を考え出す」の意味を表します。この句を用いれば文意が通ります。look upは「(言葉などを)調べる;見上げる」、meet upは「会う」、sign upは「署名する;登録する」の意味です。ちなみにcatchyは「覚えやすい;人の心をとらえる」の意味です。

'2. When Judy told Dan that she created the game software -------, he didn't quite believe her.
(A) her  (B) her own  (C) hers  (D) herself
訳 ジュディーから独力でゲームソフトを開発したと聞かされたとき、ダンは彼女の言うことをまったく信じなかった。
※正解(D)。解説 whenからコンマまでの節には文法的に足りない要素はありません。「自分自身で」と強調するときに用いられるherselfが正答です。her ownを空欄で使用するには、前置詞onを足してon her own(自力で)としなければなりません。

'3. Needing relief from the issues ------- heavily on her mind, Betty made an appointment for a massage at a local spa.
(A) weigh  (B) weighing  (C) weight  (D) weighty
訳 心に重くのしかかる心配事から逃れたくて、ベティーは地元のスパでマッサージの予約を入れた。
※正解(B)。解説 空所からmindまでの部分がなくても文が成立するため、この部分はissuesを修飾するためのものだと考えられます。issues weighing heavily on her mind(心に重くのしかかる心配事)という分詞の後置修飾のかたちをつくるweigh が正答です。

(2) TOEFL
'1. Throughout most of human history, fur has been obtained through ----- of wild animals, but today the vast majority of fur comes from ranches and fur farms.
(A) to hunt and trap (B) the hunting and trapping (C) the hunted and trapped (D) hunt and trap
※正解(B)。【解説】 前置詞thoughの後にto hunt ... と不定詞が来るはずがない。through the hunting and trapping ... とすれば「野生動物を狩ったり、捕らえたりすることで」の意味になる。theの後にhuntedとtrappedを続けては、意味が成り立たない。 hunt and trapを名詞と考えても、of以下から限定されているのでその前に冠詞のtheが必要である。しかし、この場合には、名詞ではなく、the hunting and trappingと動名詞を使う。

'2. The primary function of a space suit is ----- from the deadly radiation, extreme decompression and temperature extremes of space.
(A) the wearer is kept safe (B) keeping the wearer safe 
(C) to keep the wearer safe (D) keeps the wearer safe
※正解(C)。【解説】 空所の前にisがあるので、正解はkeeping ... かto keep ... のどちらかである。このような場合には、動名詞ではなく、to不定詞を用いる。正解はto keep the wearer safeである。

'3. James K. Polk ----- into office on March 4, 1845 as the 11th American president.
(A) was sworn (B) swore (C) sworn (D) had sworn
※正解(A)。【解説】 swearの用法を知らなければ答えは分からない。be sworn into ... で「宣誓をして……に就任する」の意味になる。

'4. Spanish explorers conceived of the construction of a canal linking the Atlantic and Pacific oceans as early as 1502, but ----- was successfully carried out until the Panama Canal was finally opened in 1914.
(A) none plan like it (B) no such plan (C) never such a plan (D) nor any plan
※正解(B)。【解説】 文意からして空所には「そのような計画は……ない」の意味になるはずである。この意味を表すのはno such planである。

'5. "Wearable" computer equipment will begin to emerge as soon as comfortable, aesthetically pleasing fabrics incorporating insulated, electrically conductive fibers ----- developed.
(A) can (B) are to be (C) are being (D) are
※正解(D)。【解説】 as soon asの後は、主語+( )+developedの形になっている。このことから空所に受け身のbeが入ることが分かるだろう。これで「……が開発されたらすぐに」の意味になる。

'6. (A)Hundreds of plays by Sophocles (B)have been lost, (C)with only short fragments or second-hand references (D)to remain.
※正解(D)。【解説】 to remain → remaining。hundreds of ... 「多くの(何百もの)……」と完了形have been ... の用法に問題はない。前置詞withは状況を表している。to remainはremaining「残った」としなければいけない。

'7. George Washington (A)was considered (B)a war hero when (C)was elected (D)America's first president.
※正解(C)。【解説】 was → he was。すぐにwhenの後のwasがおかしいことに気づいたのではないか。このままではwhen以下の文に主語がないことになる。heを補わなければ文が成立しない。

'8. Some public policy experts have argued (A)that the system should not let welfare recipients (B)to receive benefits (C)without proving that they are actively seeking out (D)employment.
※正解(B)。【解説】 to receive → receive。接続詞thatに問題はない。letがあるので、to receiveは原形のreceiveになる。without proving that ... で「……を証明せずに」の意味になる。employment「職」に冠詞は必要ない。

'9. The philosophical tradition (A)originated by Aristotle (B)has been (C)highly regarded in the world of medieval Islamic (D)thought.
※正解(B)。【解説】 has been → was。originated byの前にはthat wasが略されている。過去の話をしているのでhas beenはwasにしなければならない。highly「大いに」はregardedにかかる副詞。thoughtは「思想」の意。

'10. (A)The Galician language is very (B)closely related (C)to (D)that of Portuguese.
※正解(D)。【解説】 that of Portuguese → Portuguese。冠詞theに問題はない。be very closely related to ... で「.……ととても密接に関係している」の意味になる。どう見てもthat of Portugueseのthat ofは必要ない。

II. 時事英文
Thursday, August 21, 2014
36 dead, 7 missing in Hiroshima mudslides
Hiroshima - 36 people are dead and seven missing following landslides in northern Hiroshima early Wednesday after the area was hit by torrential rain.

Monday, August 25, 2014
Rescuers, vigilant for secondary disaster signs
Hiroshima - Days after landslides struck northern Hiroshima on Wednesday, rescue workers fear a secondary disaster could occur as they search for the missing.

III - a. Vocabulary
「健康寿命」関連
「元気で長生き」を目指したい
Elderly must enjoy healthy long life without need for nursing care
〜を必要としない dispense with the need to ...
大きな課題 major challenge
平均寿命 average life expectancy
開き disparity
寝たきりになる become bedridden
〜につながる conductive to ...
現役時代 while one is still working
生活習慣病 lifestyle-related illness
合併症 complication
歩数計 pedometer

「関空運営権」関連
利便向上へ民間の力生かそう
2 Kansai airports' privatization must lead to improved convenience
〜の運営権 right to operate; management right of ...
空港ビル passenger terminal
社会資本 social overhead capital
募集要領 guidelines for applications
観光資源の豊富さ wealth of tourism resources
航空需要 civil aviation demand
連合を組む formulate a consortium
安定した収益を上げる obtain stable earnings
空港政策の方向性 where one's airport policy is headed
赤字に陥る go into the red

III -b. ABCニュースから
Keyword 解説
ABCニュースは、カリフォルニア州北部でマグニチュード6.0の地震が起きたと伝えています。
Seismologists are warning about the danger of aftershocks.
「地震学者は余震に注意が必要だと警告している」。
キーワードは、seismologist「地震学者」。
seismologyで「地震学」、seismographで「地震計」。
seismo-は「地震の」という意味の接頭辞で、
ギリシャ語で「揺れる」ことを表す言葉が語源です。
crustで「地殻」、
fault lineは「断層線」。

ABCニュースは、aftershock「余震」に注意が必要であると同時に、この地震がより大きな地震のforeshock「前震」である可能性もあるというseismologist「地震学者」のコメントを伝えています。

[例文]
The earthquake jolting Northern California today struck more than six miles beneath the Earth's surface somewhere between these two fault lines: the Hayward Rodgers and the Concord Green.
北カリフォルニアで地震が発生 震源の深さは6マイル以上で-2つの断層線の間で発生したとみられる
This type of quake called a strike-slip, when two parts of the Earth's crust slide sideways against each other.
今回の地震は 2つの地殻が横にずれる"横ずれ断層型"と呼ばれる
The last such major quake in Northern California 25 years ago when the 7.1 Loma Prieta quake brought down part of the San Francisco Bay Bridge.
この地域では25年前にも大地震が発生し-サンフランシスコにある橋の一部が崩落した
Seismologists are warning people in Northern California about the danger of aftershocks, 55 of them recorded already, and there is still up to a 10% chance that today's quake could be a foreshock, meaning an even bigger quake could come within a week.
地震学者は余震への警戒を呼びかけているすでに55回観測された また 今回の地震が前震だった可能性もあるため-さらに大きな地震にも注意だ

IV. Jokes
'1. Recently I sat in a restaurant watching two older men go at it. It quickly grew heated as one of them declared, "I'm so mad, I'm taking you off my pallbearer list!"

'2. Wrinkle Cream
My nine-year-old daughter walked in while I was getting ready for work. "What are you doing?" she asked.
"Putting on'1. Empty Threat
my wrinkle cream," I answered.
"Oh," she said, walking away. "I thought they were natural."

'3. Age Based Discounts
Our favorite museum in town displays quilts from around the country. When I visited recently, I asked the woman at the front desk about a senior discount. It wasn't to be.
"Sir," she said, "this is a quilt museum. We give discounts to teenagers."



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