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資料No. ： NS140521
I-1 TOEIC, TOEFL練習問題 (1) TOEIC '1. In all parts of the airplane, including the lavatories, smoking is strictly -------. (A) prohibit (B) prohibited (C) prohibiting (D) prohibition '2. For ------- we know, the president could be planning to merge with TC Corp. before the end of the quarter. (A) all (B) ever (C) that (D) what '3. The author read an ------- from his latest work, then signed customers' books at a table in the back of the store. (A) excerpt (B) excess (C) expert (D) extent (2) TOEFL '1. The Pyramids of Egypt are recognized ------ the greatest monuments of all time. (A) in being those (B) and are certain (C) as being some of (D) of being among '2. Many people decide to ------ new hobbies, such as fishing or gardening, when they retire. (A) take up (B) take away (C) take over (D) take out '3. ------ , many people begin to think realistically for the first time about how long they will live. (A) In 40s (B) It is the 40s (C) During their 40s (D) They are the 40s '4. The fact that someone is strongly convinced of an idea does not ------ mean that the idea is correct. (A) in always (B) forever (C) of ever (D) necessarily '5. There are usually several means ------ a complex geometrical problem. (A) to solve (B) can solve (C) by them can be solved (D) we use them to solve '6. Liquid is (A)defined as material that (B)change its shape to (C)conform to the shape of (D)its container. '7. The (A)Swiss army knife, (B)still in use by the military of that country, has become (C)a symbol of ingenuity and (D)useful. '8. Nuclear fusion is (A)many more difficult to control (B)for practical purposes (C)than nuclear (D)fission. '9. It is common (A)for adults to say they wish they (B)don't have to grow old, but it is (C)just as common to forget the (D)difficulties of childhood. '10. Sharks generally prefer (A)not to eat human flesh even (B)when they have gained (C)a fearsome reputation (D)over the years. I-2 TOEIC, TOEFL 練習問題解答 (1) TOEIC '1. In all parts of the airplane, including the lavatories, smoking is strictly -------. (A) prohibit (B) prohibited (C) prohibiting (D) prohibition 訳 機内では全席、化粧室も含め、喫煙は固く禁じられております。 ※正解(B)。解説 be strictly prohibitedで「固く禁止されている」の意味を表します。この句を成立させるprohibitedが正答です。unauthorized use（無断での使用）やreproduction（複製）などを主語にして使われることも多い言い回しです。 '2. For ------- we know, the president could be planning to merge with TC Corp. before the end of the quarter. (A) all (B) ever (C) that (D) what 訳 われわれの知る限りでは、社長は今四半期末までにTC社との合併を企んでいる可能性がある。 ※正解(A)。解説 熟語の問題。for all we knowで「われわれが知っている範囲では；おそらく」の意味を表します。この表現を成立させるallが正答です。 '3. The author read an ------- from his latest work, then signed customers' books at a table in the back of the store. (A) excerpt (B) excess (C) expert (D) extent 訳 著者は最新作の一部を読み、その後店舗の奥のテーブルで客の本にサインをした。 ※正解(A)。解説 冠詞と前置詞に挟まれているので、空所には名詞が必要です。excerpt（抜粋）を当てはめれば文意が通ります。expert（専門家）やextent（範囲）も名詞ですが、readの目的語になることはありません。 (2) TOEFL '1. The Pyramids of Egypt are recognized ------ the greatest monuments of all time. (A) in being those (B) and are certain (C) as being some of (D) of being among ※正解(C)。【解説】 be recognized as ... で「... として見なされている」の意味を表す。したがって、asを含む選択肢 as being some ofが正解となる。 '2. Many people decide to ------ new hobbies, such as fishing or gardening, when they retire. (A) take up (B) take away (C) take over (D) take out ※正解(A)。【解説】 各動詞の意味を確認しよう。take up「(趣味を)始める」 take away「持っていく」、take over「引き継ぐ」、take out「持って帰る」。正解はtake upである。 '3. ------ , many people begin to think realistically for the first time about how long they will live. (A) In 40s (B) It is the 40s (C) During their 40s (D) They are the 40s ※正解(C)。【解説】 In 40sでは冠詞のtheが不足している。It is the 40sではisとbeginで動詞がダブることになる。これはThey are the 40sにも当てはまる。正解はDuring their 40sである。 '4. The fact that someone is strongly convinced of an idea does not ------ mean that the idea is correct. (A) in always (B) forever (C) of ever (D) necessarily ※正解(D)。【解説】 in alwaysはinが余分である。foreverとof everでは意味が通じない。necessarilyならばnot necessarily mean that ... 「... を意味するとは限らない」の意味になる。 '5. There are usually several means ------ a complex geometrical problem. (A) to solve (B) can solve (C) by them can be solved (D) we use them to solve ※正解(A)。【解説】 meansは名詞で「手段」の意味。There areがあるので、この後にcan solveは使えない。by them can be solvedも動詞がダブルことになる。we use them to solveはthemが余分である。正解はto solveである。 '6. Liquid is (A)defined as material that (B)change its shape to (C)conform to the shape of (D)its container. ※正解(B)。【解説】 関係代名詞thatの先行詞は単数形materialである。したがって、それを受けるchangeはchangesになる。 '7. The (A)Swiss army knife, (B)still in use by the military of that country, has become (C)a symbol of ingenuity and (D)useful. ※正解(D)。【解説】 andの前には名詞ingenuity「工夫、精巧」がある。これに合わせて形容詞usefulは名詞useにしなくてはいけない。 '8. Nuclear fusion is (A)many more difficult to control (B)for practical purposes (C)than nuclear (D)fission. ※正解(A)。【解説】 比較級more ... thanを強調する場合にはmanyではなく、muchあるいはfarなどを使わなくていけない。 '9. It is common (A)for adults to say they wish they (B)don't have to grow old, but it is (C)just as common to forget the (D)difficulties of childhood. ※正解(B)。【解説】 wishがあることに注目。これは仮定法なので、don'tではなくdidn'tを用いることになる。 '10. Sharks generally prefer (A)not to eat human flesh even (B)when they have gained (C)a fearsome reputation (D)over the years. ※正解(B)。【解説】 even whenでは前後の意味が繋がらない。even though「〜なのだが」に換えれば意味が通るようになる。 II. 時事英文 Watanabe must give solid, believable account of how ?800 million was used (その5：全7回シリーズ) The loans from Yoshida are not included in the outstanding loans detailed in a mandatory report of his personal assets. He said it was "a clerical error" and that he "wants to correct it," but it is unlikely the public will accept it if he shrugs off the transfer of such an enormous sum as a simple clerical mistake. 自らの資産等報告書の借入金残高に吉田会長からの借入金がきちんと反映されていない。渡辺氏は「事務的なミスで訂正したい」と釈明したが、これほどの巨額なやり取りを単なるミスというのでは国民には理解されまい。 It is hard to accept that Watanabe did not prepare documents acknowledging a loan of ?500 million. ５億円を借りながら、借用書を作らなかったのも不可解だ。 III - a. Vocabulary 1. 「日米TPP協議」関係 着地点 common ground 野心的な合意 ambitious accord 大筋合意 broad agreement 距離は相当ある remain substantially far apart 対立点を埋める bury one's difference 〜の例外扱い be exempted from 駆け引き tug-of-war 柔軟姿勢 lenient attitude 保護貿易主義圧力 trade protectionist pressure 畜産農家 livestock farmer 2. 「性暴力被害者」 泣き寝入りする suffer in silence 駆け込み寺 shelter; safe haven ワンストップ支援センター one-stop support center (〜に)常駐する be routinely stationed (at…) 消えない不安や恐怖心 lingering anxieties and fear 〜の手引 prescriptive guide for 資金不足 lack of funding 手弁当で without being paid at all 二次被害 secondary victimization 研修会 training workshop III -b. ABCニュースから Keyword 解説 ABCニュースは、4歳の男の子を襲った近所の犬を、飼い猫が体当たりで撃退したと伝えています。 A flying fur ball charges in to save the day. 「猫が飛び込んできて急場を救った」。 キーワードは、save the day「急場を救う」。「土壇場で、救い、勝利、解決をもたらす」。 dayには「その日の大切な出来事、特に勝負」という意味があり、lose the dayで「勝利を失う、残念な一日になる」、make one's dayで「勝利、喜びをもたらす」という表現もあります。 今回のキーワードは、save the day「急場を救う」です。 [例文] Watch the little boy rescued from an angry dog by a flying fur ball, who charges in to save the day. 犬に襲われる男の子を助けたのは猫、飛び込んできて急場を救った Four-year-old Jeremy Triantafilo was riding his bike, minding his own business yesterday when a neighbor's guard dog appeared out of nowhere. 4歳のジェレミー君が1人で自転車に乗っていると-近所の番犬が突然現れた Home security cameras rolling as dog grabbed boy and cat came to the rescue. That's right, cat. 防犯カメラが回るなかかみつく犬すると何と猫が助けに来た Watch closely. That black flash on the right side of the frame is Jeremy's kitty cat Tara. 右側から走ってきた黒い影がジェレミー君の猫のタラ The cat adopted the couple five years ago following them home from a park one day. 5年前のある日公園から両親についてきた猫だ When Jeremy was a newborn, she'd climb into his crib and curl up beside him, an unusual bond for a creature that, by nature, tends to be fairly aloof. ベビーベッドで添い寝していたこともあり-猫にしては珍しく絆を感じていたようだ She's a hero! IV. Jokes 'a. If I'm on the course and lightning starts, I get inside fast. If God wants to play through, let him. 'b. State Bird When a Butterball Talk-Line staffer asked a caller what state her turkey was in (meaning how thawed was it) the caller responded with, "Florida." 'c. She Shoots, She Scores! Why should you never breakup with a goalie? Because he's a keeper. |