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資料No. ： NS140205
1. I-1 TOEIC, TOEFL練習問題
(1) TOEIC 1. Part V ; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 We will not be able to proceed with the investigation ------- the proper paperwork has been filed with your insurance provider. (A) by (B) since (C) until (D) yet 2. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 It's essential to measure the ingredients for this dish ------- in order to make it delicious. (A) precise (B) precisely (C) precision (D) precisionist 3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The president said that going ahead with this project could end up ------- the company's credibility. (A) undergoing (B) underlying (C) undermining (D) undertaking (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 In 1916, William Edward Boeing helped ----- the Pacific Aero Products Company, which is now called the Boeing Company. (A) found (B) founded (C) founding (D) founds 2. 空所補充問題 Ancient Ethiopian soldiers, who protected their heads with the skulls of horses, complete with mane and ears, ----- the first people ever to use helmets. (A) they may be (B) may have been (C) maybe they were (D) may have 3. 空所補充問題 The most important German port serving the Baltic Sea is ----- Lubeck. (A) told (B) said (C) called (D) declared 4. 空所補充問題 Fallingwater is a country house designed by Frank Lloyd Wright ----- in with its surroundings, a waterfall in a wooded mountainside of Pennsylvania. (A) blend (B) blending (C) to blend (D) blends 5. 空所補充問題 Corrosion is the destruction of any material caused by the chemical action of a gas or liquid, while rust refers ----- to corrosion that occurs when iron is oxidized. (A) specific (B) specificity (C) specified (D) specifically 6. 正誤問題 The typical recording studio consists (A)of an acoustically sealed gallery (B)which the musicians play, and a control room (C)where the sound engineers record (D)and edit the music. 7. 正誤問題 In addition to (A)provide irrigation to farms in a number of states, the Colorado River also (B)supplies electricity for Arizona, California and Nevada from (C)a massive hydroelectric power plant (D)at the Hoover Dam near Las Vegas. 8. 正誤問題 Wilfred Owen (A)was a British poet and soldier in World War I (B)whose work (C)powerfully evoked the agony and (D)brutal of war. 9. 正誤問題 The famous cable cars of San Francisco are (A)so named because instead (B)of being individually motorized, (C)are pulled along their rails (D)by a moving cable under the street. 10. 正誤問題 Measles, (A)a disease (B)causes a pink rash (C)all over the body, is now readily (D)preventable. I-2 TOEIC, TOEFL 練習問題解答 (1) TOEIC 1. Part V ; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 We will not be able to proceed with the investigation ------- the proper paperwork has been filed with your insurance provider. (A) by (B) since (C) until (D) yet 訳；保険会社に適切な書類が提出されるまでは、調査を進めることはできないだろう。 ※正解(C)。解説 空所の前後はどちらも節なので、それを結び付ける接続詞が必要です。「…するまで」を意味するuntilを入れると文意が通ります。 2. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 It's essential to measure the ingredients for this dish ------- in order to make it delicious. (A) precise (B) precisely (C) precision (D) precisionist 訳；この料理をおいしく作るには、材料をきちんと量ることが肝心だ。 ※正解(B)。解説 空所がなくても文が成立しているので、空所には副詞が入ると判断できます。「正確に」の意味を表す副詞のpreciselyが正答になります。 3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The president said that going ahead with this project could end up ------- the company's credibility. (A) undergoing (B) underlying (C) undermining (D) undertaking 訳；社長が言及したのは、この企画を進めると会社の信用に傷が付く可能性があるということだった。 ※正解(C)。解説 undermine someone's credibilityで「…〈人〉の信用を傷つける；…〈人〉の信ぴょう性を危うくする」の意味を表します。この表現を成立させるundermineが正答です。接頭辞under-には「下の；劣っている」という意味があります。undergoは「経験する；変化などをくぐりぬける」、underlieは「根底にある」、undertakeは「…を請け負う；…を保障する」の意味です。 (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 In 1916, William Edward Boeing helped ----- the Pacific Aero Products Company, which is now called the Boeing Company. (A) found (B) founded (C) founding (D) founds ※正解(A)。【解説】 helpの後に動詞を続ける場合には不定詞toが略される傾向があるので、正解は(A)ということになる。found「創設する」。 2. 空所補充問題 Ancient Ethiopian soldiers, who protected their heads with the skulls of horses, complete with mane and ears, ----- the first people ever to use helmets. (A) they may be (B) may have been (C) maybe they were (D) may have ※正解(B)。【解説】 空所にはこの文の動詞が入ることになるので、theyを含む(A)と(C)は除外できる。この文は過去の出来事に関する記述なので正解は(B) may have beenである。skull「頭蓋骨」、mane「（馬などの）たてがみ」。 3. 空所補充問題 The most important German port serving the Baltic Sea is ----- Lubeck. (A) told (B) said (C) called (D) declared ※正解(C)。【解説】 空所には「(Lubeck)と呼ばれている」という意味の動詞が入る。正解は(C)。declare「宣言する」。 4. 空所補充問題 Fallingwater is a country house designed by Frank Lloyd Wright ----- in with its surroundings, a waterfall in a wooded mountainside of Pennsylvania. (A) blend (B) blending (C) to blend (D) blends ※正解(C)。【解説】 a country house (which was) designed by Frank Lloyd Wright to blend in with... という構文にすれば文が成立する。blend in with... 「……と調和する」。 5. 空所補充問題 Corrosion is the destruction of any material caused by the chemical action of a gas or liquid, while rust refers ----- to corrosion that occurs when iron is oxidized. (A) specific (B) specificity (C) specified (D) specifically ※正解(D)。【解説】 空所にはto以下の前置詞句を修飾する副詞が入ることになる。refers specifically to... で「特に……に関連する、当てはまる」という意味になる。corrosion「腐食」、rust「さび」、oxidize「酸化させる」。 6. 正誤問題 The typical recording studio consists (A)of an acoustically sealed gallery (B)which the musicians play, and a control room (C)where the sound engineers record (D)and edit the music. 【正解】 B 【解説】 which → in which consist of... で「……から成る」の意味。whichはin whichにしなければ前後の文が繋がらない。関係副詞where、接続詞andの用法に問題はない。 7. 正誤問題 In addition to (A)provide irrigation to farms in a number of states, the Colorado River also (B)supplies electricity for Arizona, California and Nevada from (C)a massive hydroelectric power plant (D)at the Hoover Dam near Las Vegas. 【正解】 A 【解説】 provide → providing in addition toのtoは前置詞である。したがって、provideは動名詞providingにしなくてはいけない。suppliesはこの文の動詞。power plantは可算名詞である。前置詞atに問題はない。hydroelectric「水力発電の」。 8. 正誤問題 Wilfred Owen (A)was a British poet and soldier in World War I (B)whose work (C)powerfully evoked the agony and (D)brutal of war. 【正解】 D 【解説】 brutal → brutality 過去形wasと関係代名詞所有格whoseの用法に問題はない。powerfullyはevoke「呼び起こす」を修飾する副詞。brutalは形容詞なのでagony「苦痛」に合わせて名詞brutality「残忍性、無慈悲」にしなくてはいけない。 9. 正誤問題 The famous cable cars of San Francisco are (A)so named because instead (B)of being individually motorized, (C)are pulled along their rails (D)by a moving cable under the street. 【正解】 C 【解説】 are → they are so namedで「そのように名付けられている」の意味。instead ofは前置詞なのbeing... に問題はない。areではなくthey areとしなくては文が成立しない。pulled... by 〜は受け身である。 10. 正誤問題 Measles, (A)a disease (B)causes a pink rash (C)all over the body, is now readily (D)preventable. 【正解】 B 【解説】 causes → that/which causes disease「病気」は可算名詞。causesのままでは後にisがあるので動詞が２つになってしまう。that/which causesと関係代名詞を付け足せばこの問題が解決する。all over the body「体中に」、preventable「予防できる」。 II. 時事英文 U.S. And Laos Combatting Illegal Drugs (その2：全5回シリーズ) Police Colonel Khamphonh Sihapanya, Director of the Lao Drug Police, accepted the donation on behalf of the Lao Government. Major Xaimoungkhoun Souliyavong, Director of Law Enforcement for the Lao National Commission for Drug Control and Supervision (LCDC), also attended. III - a. 雑知識 1. " fly off the shelves / 飛ぶように売れる " 花王が販売する子供用の紙おむつ「メリーズ」が、中国で日本の店頭の２倍近い額で売られているという。Kao Corp.'s Merries Tape diapers are flying off the shelves in many parts of Japan, apparently winding up in China, where they can sell for more than twice as much. は、AJW の記事から。 2. " interior / 内陸（の） " The main support for auto sales, experts say, will likely come from continued strong economic growth in China's interior provinces. は、中国の自動車販売に関する Reuters 通信の記事から。今後の売り上げは、内陸部での需要が中心に支えていくことを指摘した専門家の意見。 3. " come to terms / 合意に達する、折り合いがつく " If Masahiro Tanaka and a major league team come to terms, that franchise is required to pay his Japanese club, the Rakuten Eagles, a posting fee, now capped at $20 million. は、田中将大投手の新ポスティングシステムでの米大リーグ移籍に関するAP 通信の記事から。 4. " attempted / 未遂の " 国内の殺人事件（未遂も含む）の数が戦後初めて１千件を下回った。Japan's total number of murders and attempted murders fell to 939 in 2013, the first time it has fallen below 1,000 since the end of World War II. は、The Asahi Shimbun AJW の記事から。 5. " in bits and pieces / 少しずつ小出しにして " 国連の気候変動に関する政府間パネル（IPCC）は、2007年以来の第５次報告書の公表を順次始めている。The IPCC is in the process of releasing its Fifth Assessment Report, the first since 2007, in bits and pieces. は、The Asahi Shimbun AJW の記事から。 III -b. ABCニュースから キーワードは、back-to-back「背中合わせで、連続して」。 「次から次へと続く」こと。 d?j? vu marathonも「以前にも起きたことが長く繰り返される」という意味。 systemはここではlow pressure systemのことで、「低気圧」。 ABCニュースは、相次ぐ積雪で除雪のための予算を tap out「使い果たす」自治体も出ていると伝えています。 今回のキーワードは、back-to-back「背中合わせで、連続して」です。 A winter storm barreling through parts of Texas and heading north. 冬の嵐がテキサス州を通過し北上している .Some parts of the Lone Star State seeing more than a foot of snow. 州内には１フィート以上降雪した地域も .Elsewhere, an inch of ice coating roads. 各地で厚い氷が道路を覆い- .And in Dallas, hundreds of flights are cancelled. ダラスでは欠航が相次いだ The system on the move, bringing snow, sleet and freezing rain 低気圧は イリノイ州に雪 みぞれ 冷たい雨をもたらし- through Illinois and straight into the Northeast by Monday. 月曜には北東部を襲う見込みだ This weekend, just the start of back-to-back storms, この週末を皮切りに 嵐が連続して- threatening to once again hit a winter-weary Midwest. 寒波に疲弊した中西部を直撃する Not faring so well, snow budgets and salt stockpiles in towns across the Midwest. 除雪予算や塩の備蓄が危機的状況になっている町もある Nearly tapped out as road crews use what's left for a d?j? vu marathon 作業員は残り少ない予算内でやりくりしながら- of trying to keep drivers safe. 路上の安全確保に努める IV. Jokes a. I stand corrected My grandmother believed that breakfast time was as good a time as any to get things off her chest. So over morning coffee, she turned to my grandfather and said, "We've been married 56 years, and it still seems that you are always correcting me." Grandpa replied, "We've been married 58 years." b. Use it or lose it Being partly deaf, my friend and I need to use a sign language to be able to communicate. Her six-year-old son sulked that he couldn't understand, so I told him to pay attention as he might pick up some signs. "But if I do that," he insisted, "then I might forget how to hear!" c. Second-chance shirt My son had an old shirt that he was very attached to. Sadly, it was impossible to iron after he'd spun it so often in the machine, so I gave it to the local charity shop. A week later, I noticed him wearing it again, nicely pressed. He explained: "They did a really good job of ironing it, so I've just bought it back." |