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資料No. ： NS131211
1. I-1 TOEIC, TOEFL練習問題 (1) TOEIC 1. Part V ; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 When the debate became heated, Mr. Ferrell suggested that the group ------- a short break to cool down. (A) has taken (B) take (C) took (D) will take 2. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 With a ------- laugh, Ken agreed with his boss that his new hairstyle was too short. (A) falsely (B) nervous (C) sensitive (D) standard 3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Needing relief from the issues ------- heavily on her mind, Betty made an appointment for a massage at a local spa. (A) weigh (B) weighing (C) weight (D) weighty 4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Officials refused to say exactly who was ------- for the tragic accident before the investigation was complete. (A) responded (B) responsibility (C) responsible (D) responsive 5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 In a case of ------- identity, security staff at the airport detained the company president for four hours. (A) confused (B) mistaken (C) opposite (D) unknown (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 ----- thick ridges of bristle in its enormous, permanently grinning mouth, the right whale feeds on plankton that it strains from the surface of the water. (A) Equipped with (B) Equipped to (C) Equipping at (D) For equipping 2. 空所補充問題 The tree shrews are the ----- primitive of the primates, while humans are the most advanced. (A) many (B) most (C) more (D) much 3. 空所補充問題 The Eddas are two well-known ----- of ancient Icelandic literature. (A) collections (B) collected (C) collectors (D) collectives 4. 空所補充問題 If water is heated under pressures higher than average atmospheric pressure at sea level, ----- until it reaches a temperature higher than 100 degrees C or 212 degrees F. (A) it is not boiling (B) it boils not (C) it would not boil (D) it will not boil 6. 正誤問題 (A)Even water that feels comfortably warm (B)to the touch can cause hypothermia (C)on prolonged contact if it is (D)significant lower than natural body temperature. 7. 正誤問題 The function of the kidneys (A)is (B)served as filters that help (C)remove impurities (D)from the bloodstream. fromに誤りはない。 8. 正誤問題 A parent may make a child (A)to conform to behavioral patterns (B)that adults associate with positive cultural (C)attributes, but these behaviors are not (D)necessarily an indication of healthy development. 9. 正誤問題 The lower-case letter 'a' (A)had developed (B)a standard shape about 300 years (C)late than the upper-case version of the letter (D)by 300 A.D. 10. 正誤問題 The theory of continental drift (A)was (B)bolstering in 1970 (C)by the discovery of fossilized reptile bones (D)on Antarctica. I-2 TOEIC, TOEFL 練習問題解答 (1) TOEIC 1. Part V ; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 When the debate became heated, Mr. Ferrell suggested that the group ------- a short break to cool down. (A) has taken (B) take (C) took (D) will take 訳；議論が白熱してきたときに、フェレル氏が皆に提案したのは、短い休憩を取って頭を冷やそうということだった。 ※正解(B)。解説 suggestが導く節では、動詞は原形が使われます。suggestのほかに、recommend / request / requireなども同様です。 2. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 With a ------- laugh, Ken agreed with his boss that his new hairstyle was too short. (A) falsely (B) nervous (C) sensitive (D) standard 訳；ケンは神経質な笑みを浮かべながら、切ったばかりの髪形が短すぎると言う上司に同意した。 ※正解(B)。解説 冠詞のあと、名詞の前の空欄には形容詞が必要です。(A)のfalsely（偽って）以外はすべて形容詞ですが、文脈内で意味を成すnervous（神経質な；緊張した）が正答です。 3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Needing relief from the issues ------- heavily on her mind, Betty made an appointment for a massage at a local spa. (A) weigh (B) weighing (C) weight (D) weighty 訳；心に重くのしかかる心配事から逃れたくて、ベティーは地元のスパでマッサージの予約を入れた。 ※正解(B)。解説 空所からmindまでの部分がなくても文が成立するため、この部分はissuesを修飾するためのものだと考えられます。issues weighing heavily on her mind（心に重くのしかかる心配事）という分詞の後置修飾のかたちをつくるweighingが正答です。 4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Officials refused to say exactly who was ------- for the tragic accident before the investigation was complete. (B) responded (B) responsibility (C) responsible (D) responsive 訳；当局は、その悲惨な事故はだれに責任があるのか、調査が完了するまでは明言するのを拒んだ。 ※正解(C)。解説 be responsible for ...で「…に関与する；…の責任を負う」の意味になります。responsiveは「反応の良い」の意味です。 5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 In a case of ------- identity, security staff at the airport detained the company president for four hours. (A) confused (B) mistaken (C) opposite (D) unknown 訳；人違いで、空港の警備スタッフはその会社社長を４時間拘束した。 ※正解(B)。解説 選択肢はすべて形容詞として使える語で、confusedは「困惑した」、mistakenは「間違えた」、oppositeは「反対の」、unknownは「未知の」の意味です。 (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 ----- thick ridges of bristle in its enormous, permanently grinning mouth, the right whale feeds on plankton that it strains from the surface of the water. (A) Equipped with (B) Equipped to (C) Equipping at (D) For equipping ※正解(A)。【解説】 equipには前置詞withが伴うことを知っていれば答えがすぐに分かる。be equipped with... で「……が備わっている」の意味になる。文頭のBeingが略されている。right whale「セミクジラ」、bristle「剛毛」。 2. 空所補充問題 The tree shrews are the ----- primitive of the primates, while humans are the most advanced. (A) many (B) most (C) more (D) much ※正解(B)。【解説】 while以下にthe mostが使われることがヒントになる。the mostとthe mostを使って対比しているのである。tree shrew「キネズミ」、primate「霊長類」。 3. 空所補充問題 The Eddas are two well-known ----- of ancient Icelandic literature. (A) collections (B) collected (C) collectors (D) collectives ※正解(A)。【解説】 形容詞well-knownの後に過去分詞collectedが来るはずがない。The Eddasとは「アイルランド語で書かれた古代の詩歌集」のことである。したがって、正解は(A) collections「収集物」である。 4. 空所補充問題 If water is heated under pressures higher than average atmospheric pressure at sea level, ----- until it reaches a temperature higher than 100 degrees C or 212 degrees F. (A) it is not boiling (B) it boils not (C) it would not boil (D) it will not boil ※正解(D)。【解説】 (B) it boils notの語順がおかしいのは明らか。If water is... となっているので(C) it would not boil（仮定法）は不可。進行形ではなく未来形(D) it will not boilを空所に入れれば「もし〜すると、……までしない」の意味になる。atmospheric pressure「大気圧」。 6. 正誤問題 (A)Even water that feels comfortably warm (B)to the touch can cause hypothermia (C)on prolonged contact if it is (D)significant lower than natural body temperature. ※正解(D)。【解説】 significant → significantly。文頭のEven、前置詞to、onに問題はない。significantはlowerを修飾しているので、ここでは副詞significantlyを用いる。hypothermia「低体温」。 7. 正誤問題 The function of the kidneys (A)is (B)served as filters that help (C)remove impurities (D)from the bloodstream. ※正解(B)。【解説】 served → to serve。isは単数の主語The functionに呼応している。受け身served as... は一見すると問題がないように思えるが、is以下で腎臓の機能に関する説明をしているので、不定詞を用いてto serve as... 「……として働くこと」にしなければ意味が通らない。helpの後のto不定詞は頻繁に省略される。またremoveに対応した前置詞fromに誤りはない。 8. 正誤問題 A parent may make a child (A)to conform to behavioral patterns (B)that adults associate with positive cultural (C)attributes, but these behaviors are not (D)necessarily an indication of healthy development. ※正解(A)。【解説】 to conform → conform。to conformの前に使役動詞makeが使われているのでtoは不要である。関係代名詞that、可算名詞attributes「特性、属性」、not necessarily「必ずしも……ではない」の用法に問題はない。 9. 正誤問題 The lower-case letter 'a' (A)had developed (B)a standard shape about 300 years (C)late than the upper-case version of the letter (D)by 300 A.D. ※正解(C)。【解説】 late → later。lateの後にthanがあることに注目。laterにしなければ比較の文にならない。lower-case「小文字の」、upper-case「大文字の」。 10. 正誤問題 The theory of continental drift (A)was (B)bolstering in 1970 (C)by the discovery of fossilized reptile bones (D)on Antarctica. ※正解(B)。【解説】 bolstering → bolstered。bolsterは「支持する」という意味の他動詞である。後にbyが出てくるので、ここはbolsteredと受け身にしなければ意味が通らない。fossilized「化石化した」。 II. 時事英文 Human Rights Day (その1：全6回シリーズ) On December 10th, the world observes United Nations' Human Rights Day. The date was chosen to commemorate the adoption, by the UN General Assembly in 1948, of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights: the first global enunciation of the inalienable rights of mankind. III - a. 雑知識 1. " pour out / （人が場所から）どっと出てくる " Koji Uehara got the last three outs before the Red Sox poured out of the dugout to begin their celebration on the mound. は、米大リーグのア・リーグ優勝決定シリーズ第６戦で９回に上原浩治投手が救援し、レッドソックスがリーグ制覇を果たしたことを伝えた AP 通信の記事から。 2. " late-blooming / （人が）大器晩成の、遅咲きの " 「アンパンマン」で知られる漫画家で絵本作家のやなせたかし（本名・柳瀬嵩）さんが94歳で死去した。Takashi Yanase was considered a late-blooming manga artist because he was in his 70s when "Anpanman" became a hit. は、AJW の記事から。 3. " up the ante / （さらに良い結果を得ようと）要求水準を上げる " Mao Asada upped the ante, as she was only woman attempting a triple axel at Skate America. は、フィギュアスケートのグランプリ（GP）シリーズ初戦でトリプルアクセルで転倒したものの、優勝を果たした浅田真央選手に関する AP 通信の記事から。 4. " throw one's support behind / 〜の支持（賛成）に回る " 国連で発表された核兵器の不使用などを訴える共同声明に日本政府が初めて賛同した。For the first time, Japan has thrown its support behind a United Nations statement that calls nuclear warfare inhumane. は、The Asahi Shimbun AJW の記事から。 III -b. 英語でどう言う？ 「懲罰」に関係した表現 問題 1 追い出す ナオコは夫が深夜に泥酔して帰宅すると、家からたたき出した。 When her husband came home dead drunk in the middle of the night, Naoko sent him ( ). a. whizzling b. packing c. spilling d. trembling 問題 2 外出禁止にする 「また成績が下がったじゃないの！笑いごとじゃないわよ。1週間外出禁止ね。」 "Your grades have dropped again! It's no lauphing matter. You're ( ) for a week." a. booked b. staged c. devoted d. grounded 問題 3 お尻をたたく 僕が子どもの頃、下品な言葉を使う度に母にお尻をたたかれた。 Whenever I said naughty words as a child, my mom would ( ) me. a. spank b. extend c. indulge d. meddle 問題 4 減点する 英作文の試験で単語のつづりをうっかりミスして、10点減点された。 I had 10 points taken ( ) for a careless spelling mistake on the English composition test. a. aside b. off c. ov er d. apart 問題 5 請求される チェックインの当日に予約を取り消したり、予約しているのに現れなかったりした場合は、宿泊料金の全額をいただきます。 If you cancel the reservation or are a "no show" on the day of check-in, you will be ( ) the full amount. a. fused b. pressed c. settled d. charged 問題 6 判決を受ける その会社社長は汚職事件に巻き込まれ、懲役6カ月、執行猶予1年の判決を受けた。 The company president got involved in a payoff scandal and was ( ) to six months in jail with a stay of one year. a. compromised b. sentenced c. promised d. smuggled 回答 1-b 2-d 3-a 4-b 5-d 6-b III -c. Elementary Question Question: What is the name of the large musical instrument that produces the lowest notes among the wind instruments? Answer: Tuba The tuba weighs about 9 kilos and the extended tube is about 9 meters long. The player rests it on a chair or a stand, puts their arms around it, and blows into the instrument. It is also popular in jazz, and pop music. IV. Jokes a. Beware female fairies A married couple in their 60s was celebrating their 40th wedding anniversary in a quiet, romantic little restaurant. Suddenly, a tiny yet beautiful fairy appeared on their table. She said, "For being such exemplary married couple and for being loving to each other for all this time, I will grant you each a wish." The wife answered, "Oh, I want to travel around the world with my darling husband!" The fairy waved her magic wand and - poof! - two luxury cruise ship tickets appeared in her hands. The husband thought for a moment: "Well, this is all very romantic, but an opportunity like this will never come again. I'm sorry, my love, but my wish is to have a wife 30 years younger than me." The wife and the fairy were a deeply disappointed, but a wish is a wish. So the fairy waved her magic wand and - poof! - the husband became 92 years old. And says, "See that one there? That's your one." b. Sam is at home watching a video in the lounge. "Oh no!" he moans, covering his eyes. "Don't do it, man! Don't go through that door - you'll be sorry!" Sam's wife comes downstairs to see what all the fuss is about. "What on Earth are you watching?" she asks. "Some kind of horror movie?" "No," Sam replies. "Our wedding video." c. Savvy salesman An old man at the end of a jetty is selling seagulls - $2.50 for one, or three for five bucks. A curious tourist goes up to him and says, "I'll take one, please," and hands over his money. The old man pockets the money, points to the sky |