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資料No. ： NS131204
I-1 TOEIC, TOEFL練習問題 (1) TOEIC 1. Part V ; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The following article may be reprinted for educational purposes, provided ------- the source is clearly named. (A) for (B) that (C) to (D) which 2. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The most reliable stock portfolio consists ------- low-risk investments in a variety of well-established industries. (A) in (B) of (C) to (D) with 3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 A legal document arrived ------- several confusing messages and a copy of a photo attached. (A) with (B) by (C) into (D) on 4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 A decal was printed ------- the door of the vehicle that arrived on the afternoon of the 5th. (A) to (B) at (C) on (D) of 5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The staff were asked to watch a brief video ------- company policy and then take a quiz. (A) about (B) around (C) out (D) into (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 Before the U.S. Air Force was established ----- an independent entity, military aviation was conducted by the Army Air Corps. (A) to (B) as (C) at (D) on 2. 空所補充問題 The dried leaves of the purple foxglove garden flower ----- digitalis. (A) are often referred to as (B) often to refer to as (C) as often as are referred to (D) are to be often as referred to 3. 空所補充問題 If the Russian Revolution hadn't ousted the Romanovs from power in 1917, their dynasty ----- for some years. (A) had continued (B) may continue (C) continued (D) might have continued 4. 空所補充問題 Islands in the central Pacific Ocean tend to be composed of higher proportions of volcanic rock than those ----- closer to the continents. (A) would locate (B) located (C) can locate (D) locate 5. 空所補充問題 ----- an American-born painter working in England in the 1770s who depicted contemporary history in his work. (A) Benjamin West was (B) Benjamin West being (C) Benjamin West (D) Being Benjamin West 6. 正誤問題 A Molotov cocktail is a glass bottle of flammable liquid stopped with a flaming rag, serves as a crude firebomb. (A) A (B) flammable (C) stopped (D) serves as 7. 正誤問題 Withholding income tax tends to increase tax revenue, in part because the taxpayer in effect is forced to extend a interest-free loan to the treasury. (A) Withholding (B) tends to (C) in part (D) a 8. 正誤問題 The Algonquin Indians are Native Americans who originally come to Canada's Ottawa River region thousands of years ago. (A) The (B) who (C) come (D) of 9. 正誤問題 Any form of government in which the leadership is elected, usually for specified terms of office, is calling a republic. (A) Any form (B) in which (C) is elected (D) calling 10. 正誤問題 The work song of sailors were marked by rhythm in order to help teams of men coordinate their efforts to haul ropes and move heavy objects. (A) song (B) marked by (C) coordinate (D) their efforts I-2 TOEIC, TOEFL 練習問題解答 (1) TOEIC 1. Part V ; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The following article may be reprinted for educational purposes, provided ------- the source is clearly named. (A) for (B) that (C) to (D) which 訳 以下の記事は教育目的において転載を許可する。ただし、出典を分かりやすく記載していることを条件とする。 ※正解(B)。解説 熟語の問題。provided that ...で「…という条件で」を意味します。The following article…,のようにコンマの前に「…を許可する」などの節が、そしてコンマのすぐ後ろに条件を示す［provided that＋主語＋動詞］と続きます。 2. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The most reliable stock portfolio consists ------- low-risk investments in a variety of well-established industries. (A) in (B) of (C) to (D) with 訳；最も信頼できる株式ポートフォリオは、安定した業界に対するリスクの低い投資で構成されている。 ※正解(B)。解説 熟語の問題。consist of ...で「…で構成される；…で成る」の意味です。The project team consists of five members.（プロジェクトチームは５人のメンバーで構成されている）のように、通常、物や団体を表す語句が主語となります。 3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 A legal document arrived ------- several confusing messages and a copy of a photo attached. (A) with (B) by (C) into (D) on 訳；いくつかのややこしいメッセージと１枚の写真とともに、法的書類が届いた。 ※正解(A)。（A）〜とともに、（B）〜により、（C）〜の中に、（D）〜の上に 解説 A legal documentとmessages、a copy of a photoとの関係を考えると、メッセージは「書類に添付されていた」となる（A）withが正解。with 〜 attached（〜が添付されて）という状態を説明している。 4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 A decal was printed ------- the door of the vehicle that arrived on the afternoon of the 5th. (A) to (B) at (C) on (D) of 訳；５日の午後に到着した車のドアには、デカール（移し絵）が施されていた。 ※正解(C)。 （A）〜に、（B）〜で、（C）〜の上に、（D）〜の 解説 正解の（C）onは何かに接しているイメージ。ドアや壁上の装飾などの場合に使う。（B）atと（A）toも場所を示すときに用いられるが、前者は地点、後者は方向を表す。（D）ofは所有の意味。 5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The staff were asked to watch a brief video ------- company policy and then take a quiz. (A) about (B) around (C) out (D) into 訳；会社の方針についての短いビデオを見てから、社員らは問題に答えさせられた。 ※正解(A)。（A）〜について、（B）〜の周りに／およそ〜、（C）〜から外へ、（D）〜の中に 解説 a brief videoとcompany policyの意味上の関係を考えると、（A）about（〜についての）が正解。（B）aroundは「およそ」の意味で数字などを伴って使う場合なら、aboutと入れ替え可能な場合もある。（C）outでは意味をなさない。 (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 Before the U.S. Air Force was established ----- an independent entity, military aviation was conducted by the Army Air Corps. (A) to (B) as (C) at (D) on ※正解(B)。【解説】 be established as... で「……として設立される、確立される」の意味になる。正解は(B)。 2. 空所補充問題 The dried leaves of the purple foxglove garden flower ----- digitalis. (A) are often referred to as (B) often to refer to as (C) as often as are referred to (D) are to be often as referred to ※正解(A)。【解説】 (B)と(C)を空所に入れるとこの文の動詞がないことになる。(D)are to be often as referred toの語順がおかしいのは明らか。正解は(A)are often referred to as「しばしば……と呼ばれる」である。foxglove「ジギタリス（植物）」。 3. 空所補充問題 If the Russian Revolution hadn't ousted the Romanovs from power in 1917, their dynasty ----- for some years. (A) had continued (B) may continue (C) continued (D) might have continued ※正解(D)。【解説】 If the Russian Revolution hadn't ousted ... と仮定法過去完了になっているので、(D)might have continuedが空所に入ることになる。これで「もし……しなかったら、〜が続いていたかもしれない」の意味になる。oust「追放する」。 4. 空所補充問題 Islands in the central Pacific Ocean tend to be composed of higher proportions of volcanic rock than those ----- closer to the continents. (A) would locate (B) located (C) can locate (D) locate ※正解(B)。【解説】 locate「置く」はbe locatedで「位置する」の意味を表す。thoseの後にthat/which areが略されていることに気づけば(B) locatedが正解であることが分かる。be composed of ... 「……で構成されている」。 5. 空所補充問題 ----- an American-born painter working in England in the 1770s who depicted contemporary history in his work. (A) Benjamin West was (B) Benjamin West being (C) Benjamin West (D) Being Benjamin West ※正解(A)。【解説】 空所以降にこの文の動詞がないので、(A) Benjamin West wasが正解となる。depict「描く」。 6. 正誤問題 A Molotov cocktail is a glass bottle of flammable liquid stopped with a flaming rag, serves as a crude firebomb. (A) A (B) flammable (C) stopped (D) serves as ※正解(D)。【解説】 Molotov cocktail「火炎瓶」は可算名詞である。形容詞flammable「可燃性の」に問題はない。stoppedの前にはthat/which isが略されている。servesのままでは前のisと動詞がダブってしまう。ここは分詞を使ってserving as ... とすればいい。 7. 正誤問題 Withholding income tax tends to increase tax revenue, in part because the taxpayer in effect is forced to extend a interest-free loan to the treasury. (A) Withholding (B) tends to (C) in part (D) a ※正解(D)。【解説】 a → an。文頭の動名詞Withholdingに問題はない。tend to ... は「 ……する傾向がある」、in partは「部分的には、一つには」の意味。形容詞interest-freeの前に冠詞aがあるが、当然aではなくanにしなくてはいけない。 8. 正誤問題 The Algonquin Indians are Native Americans who originally come to Canada's Ottawa River region thousands of years ago. (A) The (B) who (C) come (D) of ※正解(C)。【解説】 come → came。冠詞The、関係代名詞whoに誤りはない。thousands of years ago「何千年も前」が使われているのでcomeは過去形cameにしなければならない。 9. 正誤問題 Any form of government in which the leadership is elected, usually for specified terms of office, is calling a republic. (A) Any form (B) in which (C) is elected (D) calling ※正解(D)。【解説】 calling → called。【解説】Any form、前置詞と関係代名詞whichの用法、受け身is electedに問題はない。callingをcalledにしなければ「共和国と呼ばれる」の意味にならない。 10. 正誤問題 The work song of sailors were marked by rhythm in order to help teams of men coordinate their efforts to haul ropes and move heavy objects. (A) song (B) marked by (C) coordinate (D) their efforts ※正解(A)。【解説】 song → songs。主語がThe work songと単数形だが、それに呼応するbe動詞がwereになっている。songsと複数形にしなければ文が成立しない。 II. 時事英文 Preserving Internet Freedom (その5：全5回シリーズ) "There is a clear connection," said Mr. Painter, "between our freedom to express thoughts and our ability to organize our companies and our societies in creative and innovative ways that make us more productive, more efficient, and more prosperous." The United States will continue to work toward regional and international collaboration on Internet freedom and other key cyber policies. III - a. 雑知識 01. " take a toll on / 〜に被害を与える " 台風26号が通勤時間帯に首都圏に接近したため、交通機関が大きく乱れた。 The typhoon took a toll on the Tokyo metropolitan area during the busy morning commute, greatly disrupting railway services and flights. は、The Asahi Shimbun AJW の記事から。 02. " furlough / 自宅待機 " "All employees who were on furlough due to the absence of appropriations may now return to work." は、米国のデフォルト（債務不履行）回避を受け、ホワイトハウスで予算などを担当するシルビア・マシューズ・バーウェルス氏が出した政府職員へのメッセージ。 03. " search through the debris / がれきの中をくまなく探す " 台風26号で大規模な土石流被害を受けた東京都大島町（伊豆大島）で自衛隊などによる行方不明者の捜索活動が続いた。 About 1,100 workers were searching through the debris in the western part of Izu-Oshima island. は、AJW の記事から。 04. " sugar daddy / 若い女性に金品を貢ぐ見返りに交際を求める中年男性 " Schoolgirls solicit sugar-daddy dates in Tokyo's Akihabaraは、客が料金を支払って少女と一緒に街をデートする「JKお散歩」に関するAJWの記事の見出し。JKお散歩は東京・秋葉原を中心に増え始めた新業態。 05. " wreak havoc on / 〜に大混乱を起こす " Officials from across the Group of 20 nations had warned that a failure by the U.S. Congress to raise the nation's $16.7 trillion debt ceiling would wreak havoc on the global economy. 米国のデフォルトへの懸念に言及した Reuters 通信の記事から。 III -b. 英語でどう言う？ 「不正、犯罪行為」に関係した表現 問題 1 賄賂を贈る 市長は警官を買収して駐車違反を見逃してもらおうとした。 The mayor tried to ( ) a police officer to overlook his illegal parking. a. bait b. pocket c. palm d. bribe 問題 2 裏口入学する ユキオは父親の名声と富の助けを借りて、医大に裏口入学した。 With the help of his father's prestige and wealth, Yukio ( ) his way into medical school. a. knocked b. bought c. spoiled d. speeded 問題 3 身代金 誘拐犯は私の息子を人質に取り、1億円の身代金を要求した。 The kidnapper held my son hostage and demanded a ( ) of 100 million yen. a. deposit b. ransom c. contribution d. subscription 問題 4 盗作 ネット上の情報をあまりに容易にコピー・アンド・ペーストできるので、多くの学生は盗作することで手っ取り早く宿題を済ませている。 Since it is so easy to copy and paste material from the Internet, many students shortcut the homework process with ( ). a. extremism b. populism c. materialism d. plagiarism 問題 5 もみ消す その病院は医療ミスをもみ消そうとしたが、結局は明るみに出てしまった。 The hospital tried to ( ) up the medical error but it came out anyway. a. brush b. bottom c. shake d. hush 問題 6 痴漢をする 警察は満員電車の中で女性に痴漢行為をしていた中年の男を逮捕した。 The police caught a middle-aged man who was a ( ) a woman in a packed train. a. groping b. walking c. scrabbling d. smoothing 回答 1-d 2-b 3-b 4-d 5-d 6-a III -c. Elementary Question Question: The horn is a cute, snail-shaped musical instrument. What is the extended length of the coiled metal tube? Answer; About 4 meters The horn is said to have its origin in a "bugle" made out of an animal horn. You play different notes by changing the shape of your lips and the angle if the hand in the bell. It's a hard instrument to play. IV. Jokes a. Process of elimination As we entered our local shopping center recently, my young daughter pointed out and explained to me each of the symbols on the sliding glass doors. "No dogs, no skateboards, no bicycles, no roller-blades," she said. Then, after a pause: "Well, I guess that means we're allowed to smoke then." b. Audience participation My high school drama class had put together a play based on fairytales, and was performing it for a group of primary school kids. At one point, the Little Red Riding Hood character sobbed, "My grandma's dead!" To our mortification, a little girl seated in a audience exclaimed: "So's mine!" c. So obvious, Mum My two-year-olod daughter attends daycare with a set of identical twins. When I asked her how she could tell them apart, she proudly told me, "They have different names." d. DIY playmates My four-year-old daughter and three-year-old son were discussing plans for their respective birthdays. While she could name several little girls to invite to her Butterfly Party, he couldn't think of single friend his age to ask to his. A quick solution was offered by his sister: "You'll have to make some friends!" "I'm not going to make friends," he replied, indignantly. "I want real ones!" e. Pop quiz Our son was doing his homework and called out, "Dad, where are the Alps?" "Ask your mum," came the reply. "She's always putting things away." f. Sweet wisdom Life is like a box of chocolates - about halfway through you realize you're putting on weight. |