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資料No. ： NS131106
I-1 TOEIC, TOEFL練習問題
(1) TOEIC 1. Part V ; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 To my regret, not only Mr. Wilson but also his boss _______ on a business trip then. (A) were (B) had been (C) has been (D) was 2. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Like the tropical forests _______ they are frequently compared, reefs are repositories of vast biological wealth. (A) to which (B) in order (C) with that (D) in which 3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Due to concerns about side effects, the federal drug safety department has delayed its ------- of the new medication. (A) approval (B) approve (C) approved (D) approving 4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The roads were slippery with ice, but Jeannie was confident that her car had ------- snow tires. (A) adequate (B) expensive (C) matching (D) promising 5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The politician came out in support ------- the plan to renovate all public schools in the city within five years. (A) as (B) for (C) of (D) to (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 During a period of about 50 years ----- began in 450 A.D., three tribes, the Jutes, the Angles and the Saxons, conquered most of England. (A) it (B) when (C) that (D) whose 2. 空所補充問題 After years of rapid growth, Thailand's economy suffered a series of crises in 1998 that were related to -----. (A) a wave of Asia-wide currency devaluation (B) Asia-wide of a wave of currency devaluation (C) a currency devaluation of the Asia-wide wave (D) of an Asia-wide wave currency devaluation 3. 空所補充問題 In a commodity exchange, buyers and sellers of contracts related to the production and ----- of goods come together in a central marketplace. (A) delivering (B) delivered (C) deliver (D) delivery 4. 空所補充問題 The Nobel prizes were suspended ----- 1940 due to the chaotic international situation. (A) on (B) of (C) in (D) as 5. 空所補充問題 The fictional story of Robinson Crusoe was based on the true story of Alexander Selkirk, a castaway who succeeded ----- himself for years on a deserted island. (A) in sheltering and feeding (B) to shelter and to feed (C) at shelter and of feeding (D) of sheltering and feeding 6. 正誤問題 Many (A)philosophy, theologians and other thinkers have said (B)that the most satisfied person is one (C)whose desires are limited (D)to the basic necessities that sustain life. 7. 正誤問題 (A)Sharks attacks are (B)more frequent in the early dawn and (C)at twilight hours, when the light conditions make floating swimmers more conspicuous (D)to the fish. 8. 正誤問題 (A)Due to variations in air pressure, the boiling temperature of water is higher (B)at sea level (C)then (D)it is at greater altitudes. 9. 正誤問題 Esperanto is (A)an artificial language (B)whose grammar is based (C)in Latin and (D)other European languages. 10. 正誤問題 Politicians must (A)constantly risk (B)to lose political capital (C)as a consequence of maintaining high ethical (D)standards. I-2 TOEIC, TOEFL 練習問題解答 (1) TOEIC 1. Part V ; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 To my regret, not only Mr. Wilson but also his boss _______ on a business trip then. (A) were (B) had been (C) has been (D) was 訳；残念なことに、ウィルソン氏だけでなく、彼の上司までもが、そのとき出張中であった。 ※正解(D)。 《解説》相関接続詞not only A but also B「AだけでなくBもまた」の構文では、これが主語に来た場合、動詞はBに一致させる。Bにあたるのは、ここではhis boss「彼の上司」で単数名詞である。なお、then「そのとき」があるので、時制は過去形が適当で、(B) や (C) の完了時制は不適当。 2. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Like the tropical forests _______ they are frequently compared, reefs are repositories of vast biological wealth. (A) to which (B) in order (C) with that (D) in which 訳； よく比較される熱帯の森林のように、珊瑚礁はおびただしい生物の宝庫である。 ※正解(A)。 《解説》comparedはbe compared to[with] 〜の形で「〜と比較される」の意味になる。the tropical forests「熱帯の森林」を先行詞とする関係代名詞を空所に入れることになるが、この場合compared につく前置詞（toないしwith）が関係代名詞の前に場所を移す形になる。 《選択肢》 (C) は関係詞のthatはその前に前置詞を置くことはできないので誤り。 3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Due to concerns about side effects, the federal drug safety department has delayed its ------- of the new medication. (A) approval (B) approve (C) approved (D) approving 訳；副作用の懸念があるため、連邦薬物安全局は新薬の認可を延期した。 ※正解(A)。解説 代名詞itsと前置詞ofに挟まれていることから、空所には名詞が入ると判断できるので、(A)のapproval（認可）が正答になります。 4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The roads were slippery with ice, but Jeannie was confident that her car had ------- snow tires. (A) adequate (B) expensive (C) matching (D) promising 訳；道が凍結していて滑りやすかったが、ジーニーは自分の車に適切なスノータイヤが装備されていると確信していた。 ※正解(A)。解説 snow tires（スノータイヤ）を修飾する適切な形容詞を選ぶ問題です。「道が凍結していて滑りやすかった」という状況を考えると、(A)のadequate（適切な；相応しい）を当てはめて、「適切なスノータイヤ」とするのが妥当です。matchingは「適合している」、promisingは「見込みのある」の意味です。 5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The politician came out in support ------- the plan to renovate all public schools in the city within five years. (A) as (B) for (C) of (D) to 訳；その政治家が支持を表明したのは、５年以内に市内の全公立校を改修するという計画に対してだった。 ※正解(C)。解説 in support of ...で「…を支持して；…に賛成して」の意味を表します。この句を成立させるofが正答です。 (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 During a period of about 50 years ----- began in 450 A.D., three tribes, the Jutes, the Angles and the Saxons, conquered most of England. (A) it (B) when (C) that (D) whose ※正解(C)。【解説】 three tribes... the Saxonsがこの文の主語、動詞がconqueredである。空所にitを入れると主語と動詞がダブることになる。when、whoseが使えないのは明らか。正解は関係代名詞thatである。 2. 空所補充問題 After years of rapid growth, Thailand's economy suffered a series of crises in 1998 that were related to -----. (A) a wave of Asia-wide currency devaluation (B) Asia-wide of a wave of currency devaluation (C) a currency devaluation of the Asia-wide wave (D) of an Asia-wide wave currency devaluation ※正解(A)。【解説】 空所の前のtoは前置詞なので、その後には名詞が来るはずである。このことから形容詞Asia-wideと前置詞ofで始まる(B)と(D)は除外できる。(C)ではAsia-wide wave「アジア全体に渡る波」とcurrency devaluation「通貨切り下げ」がうまく繋がらない。正解は(A)「アジア全体に渡る通貨切り下げの波」である。 3. 空所補充問題 In a commodity exchange, buyers and sellers of contracts related to the production and ----- of goods come together in a central marketplace. (A) delivering (B) delivered (C) deliver (D) delivery ※正解(D)。【解説】 空所の前に名詞productionが使われている点に注目。このproductionと空所の語はその後に続くofにかかっているので、ここでは名詞delivery「配達」を使う。commodity「商品」、marketplace「市場」。 4. 空所補充問題 The Nobel prizes were suspended ----- 1940 due to the chaotic international situation. (A) on (B) of (C) in (D) as ※正解(C)。【解説】 suspend「見合わせる、一時中止する」の意味こだわる必要はない。in 1940で「1940年に」の意味になる。 5. 空所補充問題 The fictional story of Robinson Crusoe was based on the true story of Alexander Selkirk, a castaway who succeeded ----- himself for years on a deserted island. (A) in sheltering and feeding (B) to shelter and to feed (C) at shelter and of feeding (D) of sheltering and feeding ※正解(A)。【解説】 succeed「……に成功する」という意味でこの後に動詞を続ける場合には、succeed+前置詞in+動名詞にする。この形になっているのは(A)である。castaway「漂流者」。 6. 正誤問題 Many (A)philosophy, theologians and other thinkers have said (B)that the most satisfied person is one (C)whose desires are limited (D)to the basic necessities that sustain life. ※正解(A)。【解説】 philosophy → philosophers。philosophyの後にtheologians「神学者」、thinkers「思想家」と人が来ているので、それに合わせてphilosophy「哲学」もphilosophers「哲学者」にしなくてはいけない。sustain「維持する」。 7. 正誤問題 (A)Sharks attacks are (B)more frequent in the early dawn and (C)at twilight hours, when the light conditions make floating swimmers more conspicuous (D)to the fish. ※正解(A)。【解説】 Sharks → Shark。「鮫の攻撃」と言う場合には、複数形ではなく単数形Sharkを用いる。比較級more frequent、前置詞at、toの用法に問題はない。 8. 正誤問題 (A)Due to variations in air pressure, the boiling temperature of water is higher (B)at sea level (C)then (D)it is at greater altitudes. ※正解(C)。【解説】 then → than。これは比較級の文である。ならばhigherの後にはthanが来るはずである。altitude「高度、標高」。 9. 正誤問題 Esperanto is (A)an artificial language (B)whose grammar is based (C)in Latin and (D)other European languages. ※正解(C)。【解説】 in → on。冠詞an、関係代名詞whoseの用法に誤りはない。be based「……に基づく」の後に来る前置詞はinではなくonである。other European languages「他のヨーロッパの言語」。 10. 正誤問題 Politicians must (A)constantly risk (B)to lose political capital (C)as a consequence of maintaining high ethical (D)standards. ※正解(B)。【解説】 to lose → losing。動詞riskはその後に動名詞を続けて「あえて……する」という意味を表すので、to loseをlosingにすればいい。副詞constantly、前置詞as... 「……として」、複数形standardsの用法に問題はない。 II. 時事英文 Preserving Internet Freedom (その1：全5回シリーズ) The United States believes it is important to preserve Internet freedom for all, and is committed to ensuring that the human rights that people enjoy offline are also protected online. A U.S. delegation underlined this commitment at the Internet Governance Forum (IGF) in Indonesia last week. More than two billion people are now connected to the internet, but in the next 20 years, that number will more than double." III - a. 雑知識 01. " get a move on / 急ぐ " ブラジルのリオデジャネイロで2016年に開催される夏季五輪は準備遅れが指摘されている。Organizers of the 2016 Rio Olympics have been told to get a move on because of increasing concerns they are falling further behind schedule as unrest builds in Brazil. は、Reuters 通信の記事から。 02. " pork barrel / 利益誘導 " 2020年夏季の東京五輪開催に向け、選手村や競技場などの建設や改修などが急ピッチで進む。Hosting the Olympics offers a strong excuse for pork-barrel-style construction projects. は、AP 通信の記事から。 03. " shake off / 振り払う " 安倍晋三首相は、東京五輪を起爆剤に、15年間続いたデフレや縮み志向の経済を払拭（ふっしょく）していきたい、との考えを示した。"I want to shake off the 15-year period of deflation and an inward-focused economy using the decision as a spark." は、AJWの記事から。 04. " confetti / 紙ふぶき " Fans in Tokyo waved hinomaru national flags, shouted banzai cheers and threw confetti at sunrise on Sept. 8 when Jacques Rogge announced that the Japanese capital will be hosting the 2020 Games.は、2020年夏季の東京五輪開催が決まったことを伝えたAJWの記事から。 05. " turn out / 〜を世に送り出す " Hayao Miyazaki has turned out a number of masterpieces during his long career, including "My Neighbor Totoro," "Nausicaa of the Valley of the Wind" and "Ponyo." は、アニメ映画監督の宮崎駿（はやお）さんの引退会見について伝えたThe Asahi Shmbun AJWの記事から。 III -b. 英語でどう言う？ 「果物」に関連した表現 問題 1 バナナの皮 私の祖父はバナナの皮を踏んで転んでしまい、腰を痛めて以来、ずっと入院中です。 My grandfather has been in the hospital since he slipped on a banana ( ) and hurt his back. a. coating b. peel c. layer d. bark 問題 2 イチゴを摘む 子どもたちは、私の叔父が所有する畑にかごを持って出かけ、イチゴを好きなだけ摘んだ。 The children went to my uncle's field with baskets and ( ) as many strawberries as they wanted. a. picked b. pulled c. wrenched d. levered 問題 3 果物ナイフ この果物ナイフでリンゴを一口サイズに切ろうとしたのですが、切れ味がよくありません。 I tried to cut the apple into bite-size pieces with this ( ) knife, but it doesn't cut well. a. sticking b. banging c. slashing d. paring 問題 4 (種を)吹き出す 息子はスイカにかぶりつき、皿に種をプッと吹き出しました。My son took a big bite of the watermelon and ( ) the seeds out on the plate. a. dashed b. battered c. spit d. pounded 問題 5 メロンの皮 メロンを半分に切り、種をかき出して、皮を取り除いてください。 Cut the melon in half, scoop out the seeds and remove the ( ). a. rind b. fur c. bark d. cover 問題 6 しぼりたてのオレンジジュース こんなに暑くて湿度が高い日は、しぼりたてのオレンジジュースに勝るものはない。 Nothing t6astes as good as fresh-( ) orange juice on such a hot and humid day. a. packed b. wedged c. squeezed d. crammed 回答 1-b 2-a 3-d 4-c 5-a 6-c III -c. Elementary Question Question: A new type of Shinkansen linking Tokyo with Osaka via Nagoya is under development. What is its maximum speed? Answer: 500 kph It is super-fast maglev train called a linear motor car, which glides abobe a track, supported by magnetic repulsion. It runs at twice the speed of the present Shinkansen, allowing passengers to travel between Tokyo and Nagoya in 40 minutes and Tokyo and Osaka in 67 minutes. IV. Jokes a. Diagnosis: foolish As the director of a sleep clinic, I was unable to diagnose the excessive daytime sleepiness of one elderly gentleman. All his tests were normal. His granddaughter finally offered the solution: "My grandpa likes to take all his pills in the morning - including his sleeping pills." b. When you're right, you're right Question on a Year Two maths test: "Tony drank one-sixth of a glass of juice. Emily drank one-quarter of a glass of juice. Emily drank more. Explain." My grandson's answer impressed his teacher: "She was more thirsty." c. In case of emergency, crack wise My boss explained how the automatic fire door worked in the office. He said, "Anyone walking out of it before five o'clock will be automatically fired." d. By definition After one of my students acted up, I took him to our school psychiatrist, who asked if he had ADHD. "No," replied the boy. "I just have a normal TV." e. M is for misplaced My wife has been working as a temp in an office since the previous admin worker retired. When she went to file some invoices, she was confused to find the "M" section of the filing cabinet almost full, while the other sections empty. After checking, she realized that the last person had filed all the invoices under "Mr" or Mrs". |