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資料No. ： NS130529
I-1 TOEIC, TOEFL練習問題
(1) TOEIC 1. Part V ； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The contract was mailed the day _______ yesterday, so it should arrive soon. (A) after (B) beside (C) next (D) before 2. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 My daughter plans _______ a psychology course next semester. (A) to learn (B) to take (C) to apply (D) to study 3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 If we _______ to the store last week, we wouldn't have missed the sale. (A) were to go (B) had gone (C) would go (D) have gone 4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The manager wanted the new secretary _______ the letters by 5:00. (A) will finish (B) finishing (C) could finish (D) to finish 5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 We suggest that you get in touch _______ our Dallas office on that. (A) to (B) by (C) with (D) for 6. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 We are writing to _______ that the renewal date has been extended. (A) have reminded you (B) remind to you (C) remind you (D) reminding you 7. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 If I had been there I could have _______. (A) been help (B) helped (C) helping (D) helpful (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 Some historians say that ----- been given more generous terms at the treaty of Versailles, some historians say World War II might have been avoided. (A) had Germany (B) did Germany (C) Germany had (D) Germany was 2. 空所補充問題 The publication of the pamphlet "Common Sense" by Thomas Payne contributed ----- popular support for the American Revolution. (A) for (B) to (C) on (D) at 3. 空所補充問題 The earliest ----- are thought to have interacted with Neanderthals through trade, war and possibly interbreeding. (A) when humans (B) humans who (C) as humans (D) humans 4. 空所補充問題 Given a limited supply of essential nutrients, the rate ----- a population of microorganisms increases will limit the duration of its growth. (A) which (B) with which (C) at which (D) of which 5. 正誤問題 Before (A)having tanned, or softened (B)and preserved, (C)leather is referred (D)to as rawhide. 6. 正誤問題 The pyramid on (A)the back of the U.S. dollar bill symbolizes strength and (B)permanence, and is left (C)unfinished to symbolize the ongoing struggle for (D)perfect. 7. 正誤問題 Rafts differ from barges (A)in that the former (B)is more primitive floating devices (C)without sealed hulls, (D)although both types of craft are flat and low to the water. 8. 正誤問題 The lack of (A)detailed information (B)on the private life of Shakespeare has led to (C)speculative that he may be a (D)legendary figure. 9. 正誤問題 As is the (A)cases with many artists, the genius (B)of French critic, composer and conductor Louis Hector Berlioz (C)was not understood (D)until decades after his death in 1869. 10. 正誤問題 The spherical layer of the (A)earth's surface comprising the (B)atmospheric, soil and oceans (C)is known (D)as the biosphere. I-2 TOEIC, TOEFL 練習問題解答 (1) TOEIC 1. Part V ； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The contract was mailed the day _______ yesterday, so it should arrive soon. (A) after (B) beside (C) next (D) before 訳； 契約書は一昨日郵送されましたので、直ぐに着くでしょう。 ※正解(D)。 まずは文脈から the day ------- yesterday がひとつの時を表す表現であることを理解することが重要です。あとはひとつひとつの選択肢を入れてみて、意味をなすものを探しましょう。 2. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 My daughter plans _______ a psychology course next semester. (A) to learn (B) to take (C) to apply (D) to study 訳； 娘は来学期、心理学の授業を取る予定でいます． ※正解(B)。 コロケーションの問題。"a psychology course"「心理学の授業」となっているので、「取る」の意味の動詞が必要です。単に psychology であれば、「勉強する」の意の learn や study も可能です。 3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 If we _______ to the store last week, we wouldn't have missed the sale. (A) were to go (B) had gone (C) would go (D) have gone 訳； もし先週にその店に行っていれば、セールを逃さなかったのに。 ※正解(B)。 仮定法過去完了。wouldn't have missed は「あの時」のニュアンスを持っているので、If ... の節も「もしあの時」の意味を持たねばならず、過去完了の形になります。 4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The manager wanted the new secretary _______ the letters by 5:00. (A) will finish (B) finishing (C) could finish (D) to finish 訳； 支配人は新しい秘書に 5 時までに手紙を書き終えてほしかった。 ※正解(D)。 want ＋人＋ to ... の形で、「人に…してほしい」の意味。want はふつう that 節を伴うことはないので(A)や(C)は誤り。特に(A)では時制も合っていません。want ＋目的語＋ ...ing の形は通例否定文で用います。 5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 We suggest that you get in touch _______ our Dallas office on that. (A) to (B) by (C) with (D) for 訳； その件については、当社のダラス支店に連絡を取られることをお勧めします。 ※正解(C)。 「…と連絡をとる」（＝ contact）の意味になる熟語を考えます。in touch の部分が「連絡を取り合って」の意味を作っています。他に keep in touch with ...「…と連絡を続ける」等も知っておくとよいでしょう。 6. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 We are writing to _______ that the renewal date has been extended. (A) have reminded you (B) remind to you (C) remind you (D) reminding you 訳； 更新時期が延長されたことの確認のためのお手紙を差し上げています。 ※正解(C)。 have reminded you は時制が不自然。"to" の後ろはこの文では原形でなければならず、reminding you は不可。remind「思い出させる」の語法が問題。 7. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 If I had been there I could have _______. (A) been help (B) helped (C) helping (D) helpful 訳； もし私がそこにいたら、手伝うことができたのに。 ※正解(B)。 If I had been という if 節から、主節は過去の事実に反する仮定を表す仮定法過去完了の文になることに注目します。この用法はという形を取ります。正解は、(B) の過去分詞 helped です。 (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 Some historians say that ----- been given more generous terms at the treaty of Versailles, some historians say World War II might have been avoided. (A) had Germany (B) did Germany (C) Germany had (D) Germany was ※正解(A)。【解説】 that以下の文は仮定法の過去完了である。しかし、選択肢にはifがない。(A) had Germanyはif Germany had been... のhadを倒置した文である。これが正解である。 2. 空所補充問題 The publication of the pamphlet "Common Sense" by Thomas Payne contributed ----- popular support for the American Revolution. (A) for (B) to (C) on (D) at ※正解(B)。【解説】 動詞contributeの後に来る前置詞は？toである。contribute to... で「……に貢献する」の意味になる。 3. 空所補充問題 The earliest ----- are thought to have interacted with Neanderthals through trade, war and possibly interbreeding. (A) when humans (B) humans who (C) as humans (D) humans ※正解(D)。【解説】 形容詞earliestの後には名詞が来るはずである。しかし、humans whoを入れると、この文全体の動詞がないことになる。正解はhumansである。 4. 空所補充問題 Given a limited supply of essential nutrients, the rate ----- a population of microorganisms increases will limit the duration of its growth. (B) which (B) with which (C) at which (D) of which ※正解(C)。【解説】 at the rate of... で「……の割合で」の意味を表すことから、(C)が正解となる。 5. 正誤問題 Before (A)having tanned, or softened (B)and preserved, (C)leather is referred (D)to as rawhide. ※正解(A)。【解説】 having → having been。この場合のtan「なめす」、soften「柔らかくする」は他動詞である。したがって、having beenと受け身にする必要がある。接続詞and、不可算名詞leatherに問題はない。be referred to as... で「……と呼ばれる」の意味。 6. 正誤問題 The pyramid on (A)the back of the U.S. dollar bill symbolizes strength and (B)permanence, and is left (C)unfinished to symbolize the ongoing struggle for (D)perfect. ※正解(D)。【解説】 perfect → perfection。冠詞the、名詞permanence「耐久性」、過去分詞unfinishedに誤りは見当たらない。前置詞forの後には名詞形perfectionを使わなければ文が成立しない。 7. 正誤問題 Rafts differ from barges (A)in that the former (B)is more primitive floating devices (C)without sealed hulls, (D)although both types of craft are flat and low to the water. ※正解(B)。【解説】 is → are。the formerは文頭の複数形Rafts「いかだ」のことを指しているので、be動詞はisではなくareになる。in that... は「……の点で」の意味。前置詞withoutと接続詞althoughに誤りはない。 8. 正誤問題 The lack of (A)detailed information (B)on the private life of Shakespeare has led to (C)speculative that he may be a (D)legendary figure. ※正解(C)。【解説】 speculative → speculation。detailedは「詳細な」という意味の形容詞。前置詞on「……について、関して」に問題はない。lead to speculationで「憶測を呼ぶ」の意味になる。したがって、形容詞speculativeが誤り。legendary「伝説上の」。 9. 正誤問題 As is the (A)cases with many artists, the genius (B)of French critic, composer and conductor Louis Hector Berlioz (C)was not understood (D)until decades after his death in 1869. ※正解(A)。【解説】 the cases → the case。As is the case with... で「……と同様に」の意味になる。複数形になっているthe caseが誤り。前置詞of、過去形was、前置詞untilに問題はない。 10. 正誤問題 The spherical layer of the (A)earth's surface comprising the (B)atmospheric, soil and oceans (C)is known (D)as the biosphere. ※正解(B)。【解説】 atmospheric → atmosphere。所有格earth'sに誤りはない。atmosphericは形容詞。ここは名詞atmosphereを使わなくてはいけない。be known as... 「……として知られている」。 II. 時事英文 Energy Security (その2：全6回シリーズ) "We are in the midst of two changes that have presented themselves with great speed," Mr. Donilon said. "First [is] the substantial increase in the supply of available, affordable energy inside the United States, which is having important impacts on U.S. economic growth, energy security and geopolitics." III - a. 雑知識 1. " get one's hands on / 〜を手に入れる " More than 100 people lined up at midnight at a Tokyo bookstore, eager to get their hands on the latest Haruki Murakami novel that went on sale April 12. は、村上春樹さんの新刊が発売されたことを伝えた Reuters 通信の記事から。深夜営業の書店にファンらが集結した。 2. " allay / 不安や懸念などを「静める、和らげる」 " 皇太子ご夫妻が、アムステルダムで開かれた新国王の即位式に出席した。 雅子さまが外国で公務に臨むのは11年ぶり。 Allaying concerns about her health, Crown Princess Masako made her first official overseas trip in 11 years. は、The Asahi Shimbun AJW の記事から。 3. " on hand / 出席して " Aong the many notables on hand are Britain's Prince Charles and his wife Camilla, and the Japanese Crown Prince Naruhito and Crown Princess Masako. は、オランダ国王即位式に関する AP 通信の記事から。 皇太子ご夫妻を含め、各国の王族・皇族が出席した。 4. " be inundated with / 〜が殺到する " 五輪招致をめぐる猪瀬直樹都知事の発言に対して、都に苦情の電話やメールが相次いだ。The Tokyo metropolitan government office has been inundated with phone calls and e-mails criticizing Tokyo Governor Naoki Inose's remarks about Istanbul. は、AJW の記事から。 5. " let one's guard down / 気を緩める " ボクシング用語の「ガードを下げる」から転じた。外務省はパリへ出かける旅行者に、油断せずにスリや置き引きに注意するよう呼びかけた。 The Foreign Ministry said that although tourists tend to let their guard down in a tourist spot as charming as Paris, crime unfortunately does occur. は、AJW の記事から。 6. " play cat-and-mouse with / 〜といたちごっこをする " 沖縄県・尖閣諸島周辺の領海で、中国監視船が日本の保守系政治団体メンバーらを乗せた漁船を激しく追跡した。Chinese patrol vessels played cat-and-mouse with a flotilla of Japanese nationalists near disputed islands in the East China Sea. は、Reuters 通信の記事から。 7. " forthcoming / 包み隠さない、前向きの " 中国は過去10年ほどで鳥インフルエンザなどに関する情報公開に積極的になったと言われる。International observers say that over the past decade, China's public health agencies have become increasingly forthcoming with information. は、AP 通信の記事から。 III -b. 英語でどう言う？ 「学校」に関係のある表現 問題 1 入学式 入学式では、私が新入生総代としてあいさつをしました。 At the ( ) ceremony, I delivered a speech on behalf of new students. a. entrance b. entry c. arrival d. access 問題 2 制服 制服がおしゃれというのが主な理由で、この高校に入ることに決めました。 I decided to study at this high school mainly because the school ( ) is fashionable. a. clothes b. gear c. uniform d. apparel 問題 3 学年 うちの息子は地元の小学校の3年生です。 My son is in the third-( ) at the local elementary school. a. class b. rank c. mark d. grade 問題 4 専攻する 証券業界に就職できるように、経済学を専攻するつもりです。 I'm going to ( ) in economics so I can find a job in the securities industry. a. force b. major c. dedicate d. specify 問題 5 学級委員長 ジュンコは統率力があるので、学級委員長の有力候補だ。 Because of her leadership skills, Junko is a strong candidate for class ( ). a. premier b. manager c. president d. governor 問題 6 朝礼 私たちは毎週月曜日の朝礼で校長先生の話を聞きます。 We listen to an address by the principal at morning ( ) every Monday. a. assembly b. chamber c. convention d. greeting 回答 1-a 2-c 3-d 4-b 5-c 6-a III -c. News Glossary end of the combat mission in Iraq イラクでの戦闘任務終了 Even as President Barack Obana was announcing the end of the combat mission in Iraq, American soldiers were sealing off a northern village as their Iraqi partners raided houses and arrested dozens of suspected insurgents. オバマ米大統領がイラクでの戦闘任務終了を宣言する一方で、米兵が北部の村を包囲し、同僚のイラク兵が、複数の民家を急襲して数十人の武装勢力とみられる容疑者を逮捕した。 IV. Jokes a. On the way to a funeral home for the viewing of a friend's father, I reminded my three-year-old daughter to be quiet and respectful. And she was - right up to the end, when she asked, "Mummy, who's the man in the treasure chest?" b. Scene: Coffee shop Businessman: Can I get a decaf cappuccino? Waiter: Actually, we only sell regular cappuccino. Businessman: OK, I'll have one of those. And don't forget to give me your phone number so that I'll have somebody to talk to when I can't sleep tonight. c. My five-year-old granddaughter brought along her new bicycle when the family visited on Mother's Day. She made friends with the little boy next door, and they took their bicycle out to the park. When they got back, we were amazed to see the kids laden down with flowers, including large wreaths draped around their necks. To our horror, we discovered they had found a little gate that led into a large cemetery. There, as my granddaughter would tell us, they saw "lots of flowers that noone seemed to want - they were just lying on the ground!" d. Two letters arrived from my nine-year-old daughter, who had gone away to camp. One was addressed to Mum, the other to Dad. The sweet, short note to me said, "Dear Mum, I am having a lot of fun at camp. Tell Eddie [our cat] I miss him. I miss you too. Love Kenna." The even shorter note she sent to her father read: "Dear Dad, Read Mum's note, Love, Kenna." |