資料No. ： NS130424

資料No. ： NS130424

I-1 TOEIC, TOEFL練習問題
(1) TOEIC
1. Part V ； Incomplete Sentence練習問題
You'd better hit the _______ if you want to pass that exam.
(A) roof　 (B) bottle　 (C) books　 (D) road

2. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題
Come on, we've finished now. Let's call it a _______.
(A) day　 (B) spade　 (C) completion　 (D) job

3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題
To _______ matters worse, we can't do anything till next week.
(A) produce　 (B) make　 (C) do　 (D) infuriate

4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題
It was difficult at first but now I've got the _______ of it.
(A) art　 (B) technique　 (C) way　 (D) hang

5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題
We'll have to get rid of him sooner or _______.
(A) later　 (B) better　 (C) after　 (D) not

6. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題
I know him by _______ but I've never spoken to him.
(A) seeing　 (B) mistake　 (C) sight　 (D) chance

7. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題
With this recession our sales are going from bad to _______.
(A) bad　 (B) worse　 (C) terrible　 (D) the worst

(2) TOEFL
1. 空所補充問題
It seems ----- just when the Asian art of paper folding emerged, although it is likely to have developed out of an older tradition of the decorative folding of cloth.
(A) not being clear　(B) to have been unclear　(C) unclear　(D) unclearly

2. 空所補充問題
The design of a building requires the architect ----- in a continuous dialogue between theoretical and practical considerations.
(A) to engage　(B) engaging　(C) engage　(D) engaged

3. 空所補充問題
The Treaty of Versailles formally ending World War I was harshly criticized not only by the vanquished, -----.
(A) and by the victors as well　(B) but by the victors as well　(C) but by the victors indeed　(D) or by the victors too

4. 空所補充問題
Since ancient boats were typically constructed out of perishable materials, archaeologists ----- find them intact and often must rely on contemporary artistic depictions of them.
(A) unlikely　(B) almost not ever　(C) hardly never　(D) rarely

5. 空所補充問題
----- the most valuable and endangered tree species of tropical South America are the hardwoods teak and mahogany.
(A) Within　(B) Throughout　(C) Among　(D) Without

6. 正誤問題
It was (A)after German author Thomas Mann received (B)the Nobel Prize for literature in 1929 that he (C)goes on to create his most mature and distinguished (D)works.

7. 正誤問題
(A)Historic linguistics (B)is the study of the (C)changes languages (D)undergo over the centuries.

8. 正誤問題
(A)A controversy is currently (B)being raged in the field of artificial intelligence (C)over whether 'intelligent' computers reproduce human intelligence, or (D)merely mimic it.

9. 正誤問題
Cryogenics (A)is the science, (B)while still in its infancy, of preserving dead animals in a frozen state and (C)attempting to revive (D)them at a later date.

10. 正誤問題
(A)The human vertebral column (B)are also known (C)as the backbone, the spine (D)and the spinal column.

I-2 TOEIC, TOEFL 練習問題解答
(1) TOEIC
1. Part V ； Incomplete Sentence練習問題
You'd better hit the _______ if you want to pass that exam.
(A) roof　 (B) bottle　 (C) books　 (D) road
訳；その試験に合格したいなら、猛勉強しなさい。
※正解(C)。どの選択肢にも hit と結びついたイディオムがあるので、それぞれの意味を知らなければ迷うかもしれません。正解は(C) の hit the books で「（猛烈に）勉強する」です。Hit the roof は「かんしゃくを起こす；（物価などが）うなぎ登りに上がる」、hit the bottle は「大酒を飲む」、hit the road は「（車などで）出かける；旅に出る」という意味です。

2. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題
Come on, we've finished now. Let's call it a _______.
(A) day　 (B) spade　 (C) completion　 (D) job
訳；さあ、やっと終わったぞ。今日はこれで切り上げよう。
※正解(A)。 call it a day は口語で「（その日の仕事などを）終わりにする、切り上げる」という意味です。(B) spade は農具の「すき」という意味で、call a spade a spade「そのものをずばりと言う」というイディオムがあります。(C) は complete「～を完成する」の名詞形です。

3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題
To _______ matters worse, we can't do anything till next week.
(A) produce　 (B) make　 (C) do　 (D) infuriate
訳；なお悪いことに、来週まで私たちには何もできないのです。
※正解(B)。 to make matters worse で「さらに悪いことには」という意味のイディオムです。to make things worse とも言います。(D) infuriate は「（人）を激怒させる」という意味の他動詞です。

4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題
It was difficult at first but now I've got the _______ of it.
(A) art　 (B) technique　 (C) way　 (D) hang
訳；最初は難しかったのですが、今ではこつをのみ込みました。
※正解(D)。 get the hang of ～で「～のこつをのみ込む；～を理解する」という意味になります。ここでの hang は「扱い方、こつ」という意味です。

5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題
We'll have to get rid of him sooner or _______.
(A) later　 (B) better　 (C) after　 (D) not
訳；遅かれ早かれ、彼と手を切らなければならなくなるだろう。
※正解(A)。 sooner or later で「遅かれ早かれ」という意味です。ただし、日本語の言い回しとは英語の語順は逆ですから、注意して覚えることが大切です。

6. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題
I know him by _______ but I've never spoken to him.
(A) seeing　 (B) mistake　 (C) sight　 (D) chance
訳；彼のことは見知ってはいるけど、口をきいたことはない。
※正解(C)。 know ～ by sight で「～を見知っている（だけである）」というイディオムです。by mistake は「誤って」、by chance は「偶然に」という意味です。

7. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題
With this recession our sales are going from bad to _______.
(A) bad　 (B) worse　 (C) terrible　 (D) the worst
訳；この景気後退で、うちの売り上げもますます悪くなってきている。
※正解(B)。 go from bad to worse で「ますます悪くなる」という意味のイディオムです。recession は「（一時的な）景気後退」、それに対して「（長期の）不況」を depression と言います。

(2) TOEFL
1. 空所補充問題
It seems ----- just when the Asian art of paper folding emerged, although it is likely to have developed out of an older tradition of the decorative folding of cloth.
(A) not being clear　(B) to have been unclear　(C) unclear　(D) unclearly
※正解(C)。【解説】　seemsの後に形容詞unclearを続ければ、「アジアの芸術である折り紙(paper folding)がいつ登場した(emerged)のか、その時期ははっきりしていないようである」の意味になる。

2. 空所補充問題
The design of a building requires the architect ----- in a continuous dialogue between theoretical and practical considerations.
(A) to engage　(B) engaging　(C) engage　(D) engaged
※正解(A)。【解説】　require ... to～で「……に～することを必要とする」の意味になる。正解は(A) to engageである。

3. 空所補充問題
The Treaty of Versailles formally ending World War I was harshly criticized not only by the vanquished, -----.
(A) and by the victors as well　(B) but by the victors as well　(C) but by the victors indeed　(D) or by the victors too
※正解(B)。【解説】　not only ... の後に来るのはbut alsoだが、alsoは省略されることがあるので、正解は(B) not by the victors as wellである。このas wellがalsoと同じ働きをしている。The Treaty of Versailles「ベルサイユ条約」。

4. 空所補充問題
Since ancient boats were typically constructed out of perishable materials, archaeologists ----- find them intact and often must rely on contemporary artistic depictions of them.
(A) unlikely　(B) almost not ever　(C) hardly never　(D) rarely
※正解(D)。【解説】　「古代の船は腐りやすい(perishable)材質で出来ていたので、そのままのかたちで(intact)見つけることは……」。この後に続く副詞は？rarely「めったにない」を使えば意味が通るようになる。

5. 空所補充問題
----- the most valuable and endangered tree species of tropical South America are the hardwoods teak and mahogany.
(A) Within　(B) Throughout　(C) Among　(D) Without
※正解(C)。【解説】　amongには「……の仲間である」という意味がある。The hardwoods teak and mahogany are among ... のamong ... が文頭に倒置されていることに注意。

6. 正誤問題
It was (A)after German author Thomas Mann received (B)the Nobel Prize for literature in 1929 that he (C)goes on to create his most mature and distinguished (D)works.
※正解(C)。【解説】　goes → went。接続詞after、冠詞theに問題はない。この文の時制は過去形なので、goesはwentになる。worksは可算名詞で「作品」の意味。

7. 正誤問題
(A)Historic linguistics (B)is the study of the (C)changes languages (D)undergo over the centuries.
※正解(A)。【解説】　Historic → Historical。historicは「歴史的に有名な」という意味。歴史言語学はhistorical linguisticsと言う。undergo「受ける、経験する」。

8. 正誤問題
(A)A controversy is currently (B)being raged in the field of artificial intelligence (C)over whether 'intelligent' computers reproduce human intelligence, or (D)merely mimic it.
※正解(B)。【解説】　being raged → raging。この場合のcontroversy「論争」は可算名詞。rage「激怒する」は自動詞、したがって、being ragedはragingにしなくてはいけない。前置詞over、副詞merelyの用法に誤りはない。

9. 正誤問題
Cryogenics (A)is the science, (B)while still in its infancy, of preserving dead animals in a frozen state and (C)attempting to revive (D)them at a later date.
※正解(B)。【解説】　while still → still。cryogenics「低温学」は単数なのでisに問題はない。while stillのwhileは余分である。attemptingは前のofに続いている。themはanimalsのことである。

10. 正誤問題
(A)The human vertebral column (B)are also known (C)as the backbone, the spine (D)and the spinal column.
※正解(B)。【解説】　are → is。冠詞theに問題はない。human vertebral column「人間の脊椎」は単数であるので、areではなくisで受ける。is also known as ... で「……としても知られている」の意味。接続詞andの用法に誤りはない。

II. 時事英文
North Korean Proliferators Designated (その6：全8回シリーズ)
The U.S. Treasury Department also designated the Foreign Trade Bank of the DPRK, North Korea's primary foreign exchange bank, and Paek Se-Bong, chairman of North Korea's Second Economic Committee, for WMD proliferation-related activity.

III - a. 雑知識
01. " blow the chance / せっかくのチャンスをふいにする "
Japan wasted a second half penalty as they blew the chance to become the first team to qualify for the World Cup finals when they were humbled 2-1 by Jordan.
2014年W杯ブラジル大会アジア最終予選の日本対ヨルダン戦の結果を伝えたReuters 通信の記事から。

02. " uncharted territory / 未知の領域 "
Hakuho's win against Harumafuji puts him in uncharted territory. Yokozuna legends Taiho and Futabayama both had eight perfect tournaments.
大相撲春場所で史上最多となる９度目の全勝優勝を果たした白鵬に関する The Asahi Shimbun AJW の記事から。

03. " run on / 銀行の取り付け "
Cypriots queued calmly at banks as they reopened under tight controls imposed on transactions to prevent a run on deposits.
キプロスの銀行が、約２週間ぶりに営業を再開したことを伝えた Reuters 通信の記事から。

04. " hinge on / ～次第である "
Prime Minister Shinzo Abe reiterated that consideration of restarting suspended nuclear reactors hinges on guaranteeing their safety.
停止中の原発の再稼働について言及した安倍晋三首相の発言。The Asahi Shimbun AJW の記事から。

05. " no match for/ ～にかなわない "
Even Godzilla is no match for a robotic cat from the future, as the "Doraemon" film series surpassed the 100 million mark at the domestic box office since the first film was released some 30 years ago. は、「映画ドラえもん」シリーズの累計観客数が、１億人を超えたことを伝えた AJW の記事から。

06. " get a sneak peek / ちらりとのぞく "
Media representatives got a sneak peek inside the new Kabukiza theater in Tokyo's Ginza district. は松竹が、東京・銀座に完成した新しい歌舞伎座の場内を報道陣に公開したことを伝えた The Asahi Shimbun AJW の記事から。

07. " reach full bloom / 満開になる "
On March 22, the Japan Meteorological Agency declared the flowers had reached full bloom in central Tokyo.は、東京都内の桜が満開を迎えたことを伝えた The Asahi Shimbun AJW の記事から。

III -b. 英語でどう言う？
｢頭の回転｣に関係のある表現

問題　1　ぼけた
私の90歳になる祖父は以前ほど頭の切れはないが、まったくぼけていない。
My 90-year-old grandfather is not the least bit ( ) though he is not as clear-headed as he once was.
a. sentimental b. senile c. secular d. sensual

問題　2　物覚えがよい
あの新入社員は物覚えがよく、コンピューターの知識も豊富です。
The new employee is a quick ( ) and he is knowledgeable in computers.
a. fix b. temper c. draw d. study

問題　3　冗談をその場で理解する
キヨシはユーモアのセンスがまったくない。いつも僕の言った冗談を理解するのに時間がかかる。
Kiyoshi has no sense of humor. It always takes some time before he ( ) on to my jokes.
a. catches b. handles c. develops d. carries

問題　4　妙案が浮かぶ
飲み屋から帰宅する途中で、その作家は新規連載の推理小説に関する妙案が浮かんだ。
On his way back from a bar, the writer had a ( ) for a new mystery novel.
a. jawbreaker b. hopscotch c. brainstorm d. flashbulb

回答　1-b 2-d 3-a 4-c

III -c. News Glossary
meteor crashing
隕石落下
A meteor crashing in Russia's Chelyabinsk region in the Ural Mountains has injured at least 950 people, as the shockwave blew out windows and rocked buildings. A fireball streaked through the clear morning sky, followed by a loud bang.
　ロシア・ウラル地方のチェリャビンスク州に隕石(いんせき)が落下し、少なくとも950人が負傷、その衝撃波で窓ガラスが割れ、建物が損壊した。火の玉が晴れた朝の空を流れた直後に、大きな爆音が響いた。

IV. Jokes
a. Martians land on Earth, and the first thing they do is seek out a doctor to discuss reproduction.
"Martian forms come down an assembly line, and robots add the head, arms, and legs," the head Martian begins. "At the end of the line, they receive a power surge that activates them, and they walk away to their first assignment. Now, how do you humans do it?"
The doctor whispers in the Martian's ear, whose eyes grow huge in disbelief.
"That's incredible," he says.
"Why?" asks the doctor.
"Because that's how we build cars."

b. After completing a jigsaw puzzle he'd been working on for some time, Benny proudly showed off the finished puzzle to a friend.
"It took me only five months to do it," bragged Benny.
"Five months? That's too long," his friend exclaimed.
"Hey, come on, I did pretty good," said Benny, "See this box? It says 'For 4-7 Years'."

c. A teenager lost a contact lens while playing basketball in his driveway. After a brief, fruitless search, he gave up. His mother took up the cause and within minutes, found the lens.
"How did you do that?" he asked incredulously.
"We weren't looking for the same thing," explained his mother. "You were looking for a small piece of plastic. I was looking for $150."

d. My boss didn't come in to work today. He called this morning and said he was having a vision problem.
When I asked what was wrong, he replied, "I just can't see myself at work today."

e. One social worker says to another social worker, "Hey, do you know what the time is?"
"Sorry," says the second social worker, "I don't have a watch."
"Never mind," says the first. "The main thing is that we talked about it."

f. My favorite word is "pardon".
It's a problem when people ask me what my favorite word is

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