資料No. : NS120912
I-1 TOEIC, TOEFL練習問題 (1) TOEIC 1. Part V ; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 I'm sorry to _______ your meeting, but there's an emergency call for you on line two. (A) erupt (B) abrupt (C) disrupt (D) bankrupt 2. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 If you have the answers before the meeting tomorrow, we'll be able to have a discussion and _______ a step forward. (A) give (B) talk (C) walk (D) take 3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The tables are set a good distance apart so it is possible to _______ an intimate conversation. (A) get (B) have (C) take (D) go 4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Mr. White _______ the best out of his salesmen with an incentive plan that offers very generous rewards. (A) gives (B) owns (C) gets (D) pays 5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 No matter _______ long it takes to finish the annual report, it must be done. (A) though (B) how (C) however (D) what 6. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Floods cause _______ amounting to hundreds of millions of dollars every year, as well as the loss of many lives. (A) damaging (B) to damage (C) damaged (D) damage 7. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 A Hamburg-bound passenger train derailed June 3 in northern Germany, killing over 100 people and seriously _______ 200. (A) injuring (B) injured (C) to injure (D) being injured (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 In 1916, William Edward Boeing helped ----- the Pacific Aero Products Company, which is now called the Boeing Company. (A) found (B) founded (C) founding (D) founds 2. 空所補充問題 Ancient Ethiopian soldiers, who protected their heads with the skulls of horses, complete with mane and ears, ----- the first people ever to use helmets. (A) they may be (B) may have been (C) maybe they were (D) may have 3. 空所補充問題 The most important German port serving the Baltic Sea is ----- Lubeck. (A) told (B) said (C) called (D) declared 4. 空所補充問題 Falling water is a country house designed by Frank Lloyd Wright ----- in with its surroundings, a waterfall in a wooded mountainside of Pennsylvania. (A) blend (B) blending (C) to blend (D) blends 5. 空所補充問題 Corrosion is the destruction of any material caused by the chemical action of a gas or liquid, while rust refers ----- to corrosion that occurs when iron is oxidized. (A) specific (B) specificity (C) specified (D) specifically 6. 正誤問題 The typical recording studio consists (A)of an acoustically sealed gallery (B)which the musicians play, and a control room (C)where the sound engineers record (D)and edit the music. 7. 正誤問題 In addition to (A)provide irrigation to farms in a number of states, the Colorado River also (B)supplies electricity for Arizona, California and Nevada from (C)a massive hydroelectric power plant (D)at the Hoover Dam near Las Vegas. 8. 正誤問題 Wilfred Owen (A)was a British poet and soldier in World War I (B)whose work (C)powerfully evoked the agony and (D)brutal of war. 9. 正誤問題 The famous cable cars of San Francisco are (A)so named because instead (B)of being individually motorized, (C)are pulled along their rails (D)by a moving cable under the street. 10. 正誤問題 Measles, (A)a disease (B)causes a pink rash (C)all over the body, is now readily (D)preventable. I-2 TOEIC, TOEFL 練習問題解答 (1) TOEIC 1. Part V ; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 I'm sorry to _______ your meeting, but there's an emergency call for you on line two. (A) erupt (B) abrupt (C) disrupt (D) bankrupt 訳; 会議中恐縮ですが、緊急のお電話が2番に入っております。 ※正解(C)。 【着眼点】I'm sorry to ... と断りを入れている。できればしたくない事をせざるを得ない人の言葉で、それを行う対象は your meeting である。disrupt の dis- は元々はラテン語の duo (=two) から来たもので、「2つに分かれて」の意であったが、そこから分離・除去・剥奪・反対・否定などの意へと拡大していった。rupt は break の意。したがって disrupt は → 「破って分け離す」 → 「引き裂く;(会議などの正常な進行)を妨げる」。 2. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 If you have the answers before the meeting tomorrow, we'll be able to have a discussion and _______ a step forward. (A) give (B) talk (C) walk (D) take 訳; 明日の会議前に解答が出れば、私たちは話し合って、もう少し処置を講じられるだろう。 ※正解(D)。 【着眼点】stepは「(成功などへの)1歩, 進歩;(前進などのための)手段, 処置」の意味をもつ。ここではa stepの連結する動詞を探す。take a stepで「踏み出す、一歩踏み込む」。広くはtake stepsは「手段を講じる、手を打つ」の形で用いられる。連結する形容詞はimportant, decisive, bold, drastic, false, dangerousなど。 3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The tables are set a good distance apart so it is possible to _______ an intimate conversation. (A) get (B) have (C) take (D) go 訳; テーブルは適当な距離に配置されていて、親密な会話を楽しむことができる。 ※正解(B)。 【着眼点】an intimate conversation「親密な会話」と結びつく動詞を探す。have [carry on, hold] a conversation with 〜で「〜と会話をする」の意味。 open [start] a conversation with 〜で「〜と会話を始める」の意味。「会話を止める」はbreak off a conversationと言う。 4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Mr. White _______ the best out of his salesmen with an incentive plan that offers very generous rewards. (A) gives (B) owns (C) gets (D) pays 訳; ホワイトさんは、かなり割のいい報奨金を出す刺激策で、販売員に最善を尽くさせた。 ※正解(C)。 【着眼点】the best out of 〜と結びつく動詞は何か。慣用表現の問題ということになるが、答えは(C)のgetsを選ぶ。get the best out of 〜で「〜の最高の状態を引き出す」という意味になる。an incentive planは「刺激策」。 【選択肢】make the best of 〜「〜を最大限に利用する」はよく使われる。 5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 No matter _______ long it takes to finish the annual report, it must be done. (A) though (B) how (C) however (D) what 訳; どんなに長くかかっても、年次報告書を仕上げなければならない。 ※正解(B)。 【着眼点】「No matter how+形容詞[副詞] 〜」(たとえどんなに〜でも)という譲歩の副詞節を作る。なお、これはNo matterを取って、 「However +形容詞[副詞] 〜」とも言い換えることできるが、この両者の形を混同しないように注意したい。 【選択肢】後ろにlongがあるので(D)のwhatを持ってくることは不可。 6. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Floods cause _______ amounting to hundreds of millions of dollars every year, as well as the loss of many lives. (A) damaging (B) to damage (C) damaged (D) damage 訳; 洪水は毎年、多くの人命の損失と同様に、何億ドルにものぼる損害をもたらしている。 ※正解(D)。 【着眼点】A as well as B「Bと同様にAも」という相関表現に注意して、形の並行性に努める。Bにあたるのはthe loss of many livesという名詞句。したがって、問題となる箇所も名詞句になる。なお、causeはここでは「〜を招く、〜の原因となる」という動詞で、問題の箇所はその目的語であることにも注意する。 【選択肢】(A) (B)とも名詞の働きはできるが、直後のamountingにも注意して、ここではずばり(D)を選ぶ。 7. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 A Hamburg-bound passenger train derailed June 3 in northern Germany, killing over 100 people and seriously _______ 200. (A) injuring (B) injured (C) to injure (D) being injured 訳; 6月3日、ドイツ北部でハンブルク行きの客車が脱線し、100人以上が死亡して200人が重傷を負った。 ※正解(A)。 【着眼点】問題となる箇所はkilling over 100 people 「100人以上が死亡し」という分詞構文に並列することに注意。なおkillも他動詞であるが、injureも「〜を傷つける」という意味の他動詞であり、200「200人」が目的語となっている。 【選択肢】200が目的語にあり、(D)のように受け身にするのは誤り。 (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 In 1916, William Edward Boeing helped ----- the Pacific Aero Products Company, which is now called the Boeing Company. (A) found (B) founded (C) founding (D) founds ※正解(A)。【解説】 helpの後に動詞を続ける場合には不定詞toが略される傾向があるので、正解は(A)ということになる。found「創設する」。 2. 空所補充問題 Ancient Ethiopian soldiers, who protected their heads with the skulls of horses, complete with mane and ears, ----- the first people ever to use helmets. (A) they may be (B) may have been (C) maybe they were (D) may have ※正解(B)。【解説】 空所にはこの文の動詞が入ることになるので、theyを含む(A)と(C)は除外できる。この文は過去の出来事に関する記述なので正解は(B) may have beenである。skull「頭蓋骨」、mane「(馬などの)たてがみ」。 3. 空所補充問題 The most important German port serving the Baltic Sea is ----- Lubeck. (A) told (B) said (C) called (D) declared ※正解(C)。【解説】 空所には「(Lubeck)と呼ばれている」という意味の動詞が入る。正解は(C)。declare「宣言する」。 4. 空所補充問題 Falling water is a country house designed by Frank Lloyd Wright ----- in with its surroundings, a waterfall in a wooded mountainside of Pennsylvania. (A) blend (B) blending (C) to blend (D) blends ※正解(C)。【解説】 a country house (which was) designed by Frank Lloyd Wright to blend in with... という構文にすれば文が成立する。blend in with... 「……と調和する」。 5. 空所補充問題 Corrosion is the destruction of any material caused by the chemical action of a gas or liquid, while rust refers ----- to corrosion that occurs when iron is oxidized. (A) specific (B) specificity (C) specified (D) specifically ※正解(D)。【解説】 空所にはto以下の前置詞句を修飾する副詞が入ることになる。refers specifically to... で「特に……に関連する、当てはまる」という意味になる。corrosion「腐食」、rust「さび」、oxidize「酸化させる」。 6. 正誤問題 The typical recording studio consists (A)of an acoustically sealed gallery (B)which the musicians play, and a control room (C)where the sound engineers record (D)and edit the music. ※正解(B)。【解説】 which → in which。consist of... で「……から成る」の意味。whichはin whichにしなければ前後の文が繋がらない。関係副詞where、接続詞andの用法に問題はない。 7. 正誤問題 In addition to (A)provide irrigation to farms in a number of states, the Colorado River also (B)supplies electricity for Arizona, California and Nevada from (C)a massive hydroelectric power plant (D)at the Hoover Dam near Las Vegas. ※正解(A)。【解説】 provide → providing。in addition toのtoは前置詞である。したがって、provideは動名詞providingにしなくてはいけない。suppliesはこの文の動詞。power plantは可算名詞である。前置詞atに問題はない。hydroelectric「水力発電の」。 8. 正誤問題 Wilfred Owen (A)was a British poet and soldier in World War I (B)whose work (C)powerfully evoked the agony and (D)brutal of war. ※正解(D)。【解説】 brutal → brutality。過去形wasと関係代名詞所有格whoseの用法に問題はない。powerfullyはevoke「呼び起こす」を修飾する副詞。brutalは形容詞なのでagony「苦痛」に合わせて名詞brutality「残忍性、無慈悲」にしなくてはいけない。 9. 正誤問題 The famous cable cars of San Francisco are (A)so named because instead (B)of being individually motorized, (C)are pulled along their rails (D)by a moving cable under the street. ※正解(C)。【解説】 are → they are。so namedで「そのように名付けられている」の意味。instead ofは前置詞なのbeing... に問題はない。areではなくthey areとしなくては文が成立しない。pulled... by 〜は受け身である。 10. 正誤問題 Measles, (A)a disease (B)causes a pink rash (C)all over the body, is now readily (D)preventable. ※正解(B)。【解説】 causes → that/which causes。disease「病気」は可算名詞。causesのままでは後にisがあるので動詞が2つになってしまう。that/which causesと関係代名詞を付け足せばこの問題が解決する。all over the body「体中に」、preventable「予防できる」。 II. 時事英文 Honoring Humanitarian Services (その3:全6回シリーズ) The average Turkish citizen may not have volunteered to be a humanitarian - they just happened to live near the crisis. But they have accepted their Syrian neighbors with open arms and have assumed the duty of protecting them. The same is being done in Jordan, Lebanon and Iraq." III - a. 雑知識
「夫婦生活」に関連した表現 問題 1 尻に敷く 田中君は奥さんに口答えできないんだ。家では尻に敷かれているからね。 Mr. Tanaka can't talk back to his wife because she wears the ( ) in the family. a. shirt b. pants c. jacket d. shoes 問題 2 家事を分担する 結婚前、夫は家事を半々に分担すると約束したのですが、これまで実行したことがありません。 Before our marriage, my husband promised to ( ) the household work fifty-fifty. But he has never put it into action. a. scatter b. distribute c. share d. break 問題 3 結婚生活が破たんしている マリとケンタは口論が絶えません。彼らの結婚生活は破たんしています。 Mari and Kenta never stop quarreling with each other. Their marriage is on the ( ). a. rocks b. level c. fence d. angle 問題 4 似合いの夫婦 ふたりは結婚して20年になりますが、いまだにラブラブです。間違いなく似合いの夫婦ですね。 They've been married for 20 years and are still deeply in love with each other. I'm pretty sure they are a well-( ) married couple. a. bonded b. glued c. connected d. matched 回答 1-b 2-c 3-a 4-d III -c. News Glossary resident card 在留カード Foreign nationals residing in Japan for more than 3 months are visiting immigration offices across the country to receive their new resident cards. 日本に3カ月以上滞在する外国人が、新しい在留カードを受け取るために全国各地の入国管理局を訪れている。 IV. Jokes a. My 91-year-old father passed away recently. Among the messages by my mother was this e-mail from a great-grand niece in the UK: "Our thoughts are with you, Lucy, such a great loss and so sad. You and Chas are the last of an error in the family and we really feel your loss." b. While I was planning a trip to Nova Scotia, a Titanic-related tour caught my eye. The description: "Learn of the Titanic tragedy along with a guided visit to the Fairview Lawn Cemetery, where 121 victims are still buried on a deluxe air-conditioned motor coach." c. When my 88-year-old mother was called for jury duty, she had to be submitted to questioning by the opposing lawyers. "Have you ever dealt with an attorney?" asked the plaintiff's lawyer. "Yes, I had an attorney write my living trust," she responded. "And how did that turn out?" "I don't know," she said. "Ask me when I'm dead." d. I was working at a university cafe when a regular customer, who was running late for a lecture, rushed in and blurted out an order that was hard to fill: "I'll have a black coffin and a muffy please!" e. Teacher: Alex, can you please find South Africa on the map? Alex: Here it is! Teacher: Correct! Now class, who discovered South Africa? Class: Alex! f. After sailing across the Atlantic, my family and I arrived in France. Waiting directions and sorely in need of conversation, my father stopped a passerby and asked if he spoke English. Sizing up my disheveled father, the man warily responded, "Sometimes." |