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資料No. ： NS120418
I-1 TOEIC, TOEFL練習問題
(1) TOEIC 1. Part V ； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 To _______ matters worse, we can't do anything till next week. (A) produce (B) make (C) do (D) infuriate 2. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 It was difficult at first but now I've got the _______ of it. (A) art (B) technique (C) way (D) hang 3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 We'll have to get rid of him sooner or _______. (A) later (B) better (C) after (D) not 4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 I know him by _______ but I've never spoken to him. (A) seeing (B) mistake (C) sight (D) chance 5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 With this recession our sales are going from bad to _______. (A) bad (B) worse (C) terrible (D) the worst 6. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 It's difficult not to reply _______ to that kind of an intrusive question. (A) rudely (B) kindly (C) desperately (D) politely 7. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Don't take it personally. He doesn't mean to hurt your _______. (A) emotions (B) happiness (C) feelings (D) equilibrium (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 A large oak tree may shed ----- 700,000 leaves in a typical autumn season. (A) many (B) as many as (C) many as (D) as many 2. 空所補充問題 Foghorns were developed to replace cannons that were fired ----- at lighthouses during fogs to warn nearby ships. (A) hour on hour (B) on hour (C) hour-on (D) on the hour 3. 空所補充問題 Until -----, the typical household shampoo consisted of harsh lye soap softened with eggs, beer, milk or other common kitchen items. (A) late the 19th century (B) in late 19th century (C) the late 19th century (D) 19th century the late 4. 空所補充問題 Before the invention of the adhesive bandage in the 1920s, cotton cloth ----- to be taped to wounds or tied around body parts to form bandages. (A) have (B) having (C) has (D) had 5. 空所補充問題 The right whale ----- because whalers in the north Atlantic considered it to be the 'right' whale to harvest for oil. (A) so it was named (B) was so named (C) named it so (D) naming so it 6. 正誤問題 (A)The cassava plant (B)yields a nourishing, starchy fruit (C)that can be (D)substituted potatoes or bread. 7. 正誤問題 If a match (A)struck in a (B)weightless environment, the (C)resulting flame would form (D)a spherical shape. 8. 正誤問題 (A)Fertilizer can cut agricultural costs and (B)boosting production when (C)it is used properly, but improper use is (D)a major source of pollution. 9. 正誤問題 One view of economics (A)is that it is the practice of (B)developing theories to explain (C)how goods and services are produced and distributed, (D)generated wealth. 10. 正誤問題 (A)Although the term 'aborigine' is used to identify the native inhabitants of Australia, it can (B)also be used to mean the (C)origin or native inhabitants of (D)any country. I-2 TOEIC, TOEFL 練習問題解答 (1) TOEIC 1. Part V ； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 To _______ matters worse, we can't do anything till next week. (A) produce (B) make (C) do (D) infuriate 訳；なお悪いことに、来週まで私たちには何もできないのです。 ※正解(B)。to make matters worse で「さらに悪いことには」という意味のイディオムです。to make things worse とも言います。(D) infuriate は「（人）を激怒させる」という意味の他動詞です。 2. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 It was difficult at first but now I've got the _______ of it. (A) art (B) technique (C) way (D) hang 訳；最初は難しかったのですが、今ではこつをのみ込みました。 ※正解(D)。get the hang of 〜 で「〜のこつをのみ込む；〜を理解する」という意味になります。ここでの hang は「扱い方、こつ」という意味です。 3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 We'll have to get rid of him sooner or _______. (A) later (B) better (C) after (D) not 訳；遅かれ早かれ、彼と手を切らなければならなくなるだろう。 ※正解(A)。sooner or later で「遅かれ早かれ」という意味です。ただし、日本語の言い回しとは英語の語順は逆ですから、注意して覚えることが大切です。 4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 I know him by _______ but I've never spoken to him. (A) seeing (B) mistake (C) sight (D) chance 訳；彼のことは見知ってはいるけど、口をきいたことはない。 ※正解(C)。know 〜 by sight で「〜を見知っている（だけである）」というイディオムです。by mistake は「誤って」、by chance は「偶然に」という意味です。 5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 With this recession our sales are going from bad to _______. (A) bad (B) worse (C) terrible (D) the worst 訳；この景気後退で、うちの売り上げもますます悪くなってきている。 ※正解(B)。go from bad to worse で「ますます悪くなる」という意味のイディオムです。recession は「（一時的な）景気後退」、それに対して「（長期の）不況」を depression と言います。 6. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 It's difficult not to reply _______ to that kind of an intrusive question. (A) rudely (B) kindly (C) desperately (D) politely 訳；あんなぶしつけな質問に、礼儀にはずれないように答えるのは難しい。 ※正解(A)。intrusive 「でしゃばった」質問と言っているので、(B)「やさしく」や (D)「礼儀正しく」、また (C) の「必死に」では文脈上当てはまりません。(A) の rudely なら、「不作法に答えないでいるのは難しい」となり、意味が通ります。 7. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Don't take it personally. He doesn't mean to hurt your _______. (A) emotions (B) happiness (C) feelings (D) equilibrium 訳；あなたへのあてつけだと思わないでください。彼はあなたの気持ちを傷つけるつもりはないんです。 ※正解(C)。hurt 〜's feelings で「（〜の）感情を害する」という意味のイディオムです。emotion は「（喜怒哀楽などの強い）感情」のことを言います。(D) の equilibrium は「（心の）平静」という意味です。 (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 A large oak tree may shed ----- 700,000 leaves in a typical autumn season. (A) many (B) as many as (C) many as (D) as many ※正解(B)。【解説】 manyの後に数字700,000が来るはずがない。また、many as、as manyだけでは文が繋がらない。as many as... で「……もの数の」という意味になる。 2. 空所補充問題 Foghorns were developed to replace cannons that were fired ----- at lighthouses during fogs to warn nearby ships. (A) hour on hour (B) on hour (C) hour-on (D) on the hour ※正解(D)。【解説】 hour on hour、on hour、hour-onという言い方はない。on the hourで「（毎）正時に」の意味になる。foghorn「霧中号笛、霧笛」。 3. 空所補充問題 Until -----, the typical household shampoo consisted of harsh lye soap softened with eggs, beer, milk or other common kitchen items. (A) late the 19th century (B) in late 19th century (C) the late 19th century (D) 19th century the late ※正解(C)。【解説】 untilの後に前置詞inが来ることはないので(B)は不可。lateの位置が問題となる。the late 19th centuryで「19世紀末」の意味になる。lye「アルカリ液」。 4. 空所補充問題 Before the invention of the adhesive bandage in the 1920s, cotton cloth ----- to be taped to wounds or tied around body parts to form bandages. (A) have (B) having (C) has (D) had ※正解(D)。【解説】 1920年代以前のことについて語っているので、過去形hadが正解となる。adhesive bandage「絆創膏」。 5. 空所補充問題 The right whale ----- because whalers in the north Atlantic considered it to be the 'right' whale to harvest for oil. (A) so it was named (B) was so named (C) named it so (D) naming so it ※正解(B)。【解説】 セミクジラ(right whale)の名前の由来に関する説明である。(B) was so namedを空所に入れると、「right whaleという名前が付けられたのは」の意味になり、because以下の文と繋がる。 6. 正誤問題 (A)The cassava plant (B)yields a nourishing, starchy fruit (C)that can be (D)substituted potatoes or bread. ※正解(D)。【解説】 substituted → substituted for。冠詞the、動詞yields「産する、生じる」、関係代名詞thatの用法に問題はない。be substituted for... で「……の代わりになる」の意味になるので、forが必要になる。 7. 正誤問題 If a match (A)struck in a (B)weightless environment, the (C)resulting flame would form (D)a spherical shape. ※正解(A)。【解説】 struck → were struck。strike a match「マッチをする」からわかるように、a matchを主語にした場合には、受け身になりbe動詞が必要。ここは仮定法なので、were struckとなる。 8. 正誤問題 (A)Fertilizer can cut agricultural costs and (B)boosting production when (C)it is used properly, but improper use is (D)a major source of pollution. ※正解(B)。【解説】 boosting → boost。fertilizer「肥料」は不可算名詞。boostingはcutと同様canの後に続く動詞である。したがって、ingを取ってboostとしなければ文が成立しない。itはfertilizerを指す。source「原因」は可算名詞なので、冠詞aに問題はない。 9. 正誤問題 One view of economics (A)is that it is the practice of (B)developing theories to explain (C)how goods and services are produced and distributed, (D)generated wealth. ※正解(D)。【解説】 generate → generating。isはOne viewに呼応している。前置詞ofの後の動名詞developing、how goods... に問題はない。produced、distributedと過去分詞が並んでいるが、generatedをgenerating wealth「富を生み出す（分詞構文）」としなければ文が成り立たない。 10. 正誤問題 (A)Although the term 'aborigine' is used to identify the native inhabitants of Australia, it can (B)also be used to mean the (C)origin or native inhabitants of (D)any country. ※正解(C)。【解説】 origin → original。originはnativeと同様にinhabitantsを修飾する形容詞である。したがって、形容詞形originalを使わなくてはいけない。inhabitant「住民」。 II. 時事英文 2012 Women Of Courage Awards (その4：全5回シリーズ) Aneesa Ahmed works to eliminate domestic violence in the Maldives, while Hana El Hebshi of Libya helped to properly document the violence of her country's revolution. Pakistani human rights activist Shad Begum provides political training, education, health services and microcredit facilities to women in one of her country's most conservative districts. And Jineth Bedoya Lima, an investigative journalist in Colombia, is pushing for justice in unsolved cases of sexual and gender-based violence. III - a. 雑知識
｢好みに関連のある表現｣ 問題 1 うまが合う 佐藤さんは新しい上司とうまが合わないようです。新規プロジェクトをめぐって度々口論しているのをよく目にします。 Mr. Sato doesn't seem to ( ) with his new boss. I often see them arguing over a new project. a. run into b. move ahead c. catch up d. get along 問題 2 甘い物に目がない 糖尿病にならないために、体によいものを食べるように心がけているのですが、甘い物には目がありません。特にチーズケーキとチョコレートが大好きです。 I'm trying to eat healthy to avoid diabetes, but I have a ( ) for sweets, especially cheesecake and chocolate. a. blind eye b. shortcoming c. softness d. waekness 問題 3 味方をする 私は自分の3人の子どもたちがけんかをしても、どの子の味方もしないで、できるだけ中立でいるように心がけています。 Whenever my three children quarrel with easch other, I try to remain as neutral as I can without taking ( ). a. breaks sides c. marks favors 問題 4 好みのタイプ 私たちのテニス部に新しく入部したケンタ君は、背が高くて、頭がよくて、イケメンなの！つまり、私の好みのタイプなのよ。 Kenta, a newcomer to our tennis club, is tall, intelligent and nice looking! You know, he is my ( ) of guy. a. Kind b. class c. sort d. mind 回答 1-d 2-d 3-b 4-a III -c. News Glossary leader-in-waiting 次期最高指導者 U.S. President Barack Obama told Chinese leader-in-waiting Xi Jinping on Feb. 14 that Beijing must play by the same trade rules as other major world powers and vowed to keep pressing China to clean up its human rights record. オバマ米大統領は2月14日、中国の次期最高指導者、週近平(シー・チンピン)氏に、中国は他の経済大国と同じ通商ルールを順守すべきだと述べ、さらに同国の人権問題の改善を要求し続けると言明した。 IV. Jokes a. The highlight of our zoo trip was a peacock showing off its plumage. My four-year-old son was particularly taken with it. That evening, he couldn't wait to tell his father: "Dad, guess what! I saw a Christmas tree come out of a chicken!" b. My friend was at the beauty parlor when she overheard another woman rattle on to a manicurist about the sad state of her marriage. "Things have gotten so bad," she said, "I think I might ask for a divorce. What do you think?" "That's a serious matter," came the reply. "I think you should consult another manicurist." c. When my daughter, Tiffany, was five years old, I gave her a scratch card. She started scratching the silver panel excitedly with a coin. When she was done, she stopped to look at the card. She sighed then she continued scratching. She looked at the card again. "Mum," Tiffany said, "can you help me?" I looked at the card, "Sorry, dear," I said, "you didn't win." "But Mum," Tiffany said, "it says Try Again.!" d. For her 40th birthday, my wife said "I'd love to be ten again." So that Saturday, we had a heaping stack of chocolate chip pancakes, her favorite childhood breakfast. Then we hit the playground and a merry-go-round. We finished the day with a banana split. "So, how did you enjoy a kid for a day?" I asked. "Great," she said. "But when I said I wanted to be ten again, I meant my dress size." e. My four-year-old son, Jacob, could hardly wait for his first day of school. He waited anxiously with his mother, Katherine, for the bus to arrive. When the doors of the bus opened he ran from her and started climbing into the bus. With tears in her eyes, Katherine said, "What about a kiss?" Jacob stopped, retraced a few steps, and then promptly kissed the bus driver before he sat down. f. As a rather self-conscious teenager, my sister was extremely upset when a nasty insect bite caused the side of her face to swell alarmingly. Distressed she phoned our grandmother for moral support. "Never mind," soothed Grandma. "You have a very round face anyway. People probably won't even notice." |