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資料No. ： NS120215
I-1 TOEIC, TOEFL練習問題
(1) TOEIC 1. Part V ； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 _______ they can meet the deadline or not is the question. (A) If (B) When (C) That (D) Whether 2. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 I have _______ many CDs as Henry. (A) three times so (B) three time as (C) as three times (D) three times as 3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The estimate we agreed upon was _______ of the two. (A) a lower (B) the lower (C) the lowest (D) the most lowest 4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 When it comes to the atmosphere, this restaurant is not _______ as the one we went to last week. (A) as good (B) so better (C) more better (D) such the best 5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 _______ he survived such a terrible accident is a mystery to us. (A) As (B) How (C) Though (D) Therefore 6. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 A man in a black coat _______ me of my wallet. (A) attacked (B) stole (C) robbed (D) asked 7. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 _______ our opinion, it would be better to ship them by air. (A) In (B) For (C) Of (D) As (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 James Monroe ----- the first U.S. president to tour the country while in office. (A) became (B) made (C) decided (D) strove 2. 空所補充問題 There is ----- debate these days about whether to put daylight saving time into effect all year round. (A) many (B) lots (C) much (D) a great deal 3. 空所補充問題 Negative comments can be helpful, as long as they embody ----- criticism, rather than gratuitous insults or complaints. (A) constructive (B) construction (C) constructing (D) constructed 4. 空所補充問題 ----- Charles Lindbergh attempted his solo flight across the Atlantic, he brought with him five sandwiches and a quart of water. (A) If (B) Whereas (C) Because (D) When 5. 空所補充問題 The Australian baobab tree is also called the bottle tree because ----- its distinctive bottle-shaped trunk. (A) for (B) to (C) of (D) as 6. 正誤問題 (A)Had the potential applications for the electronic computer (B)been better understood, personal computers might (C)be available decades (D)earlier. 7. 正誤問題 Historians generally agree (A)that New Zealander Richard William Pearse designed, (B)was building and flew (C)a powered monoplane several months (D)before the Wright brothers did. 8. 正誤問題 (A)The Roanoke, James and Potomac rivers, all in the state of Virginia, (B)have eroded gaps (C)in the portion of the Appalachian mountains (D)know as the Blue Ridge. 9. 正誤問題 Nanotechnology could make (A)it possible to inject (B)microscopically machines into the bloodstream, (C)which would carry (D)out a variety of health maintenance functions. 10. 正誤問題 (A)They are an obvious and intuitive (B)fact (C)that children learn more effectively about topics they are interested (D)in. I-2 TOEIC, TOEFL 練習問題解答 (1) TOEIC 1. Part V ； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 _______ they can meet the deadline or not is the question. (A) If (B) When (C) That (D) Whether 訳；彼らが締め切りに間に合わせられるかどうかが問題だ。 ※正解(D)。【着眼点】ＳＶ or notの節と結びついて全体として主語節を形成できるのは (D) のWhetherのみ。ifは主語節は導けない。 2. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 I have _______ many CDs as Henry. (A) three times so (B) three time as (C) as three times (D) three times as 訳；私はヘンリーの3倍多くのCDを持っている。 ※正解(D)。【着眼点】原級を用いた倍数表現ではas ... asの最初のasの直前にtwice, three [four, five, etc.] timesなどの倍数詞が置かれる。したがって正解は (D)。 【選択肢】 (A) はsoが不可だが、これは倍数表現に限らないので注意（ → He is as [×so] tall as I.）。肯定文で用いられたas ... asをso ... asに代えた出題は誤文訂正問題でも頻出。(B) はtimeが単数形なので不可。(C) は語順が不可。 3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The estimate we agreed upon was _______ of the two. (A) a lower (B) the lower (C) the lowest (D) the most lowest 訳；2つの提示額のうち、話がまとまったのは安いほうの見積りだった。 ※正解(B)。【着眼点】空所の後のof the twoに注目。2者間の比較で「より〜なほう」という文脈であるから (C) や (D) は不可だが、(D) のほうは最上級のlowestにmostがついていることからしても問題外。なお、(D) のような組み合わせは誤文訂正問題ではよく出されている。(A) は冠詞のaが問題。「2つのうちのより〜なほう」のように指し示す対象が1つに定まる文脈ではtheを用いる。 4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 When it comes to the atmosphere, this restaurant is not _______ as the one we went to last week. (A) as good (B) so better (C) more better (D) such the best 訳；雰囲気ということで言えば、このレストランは先週行ったレストランほどは良くない。 ※正解(A)。【着眼点】比較の対象がas the oneとasで導入されているから原級比較であり、(A) を選ぶことになる。oneはここではrestaurantをくり返す代わりに用いられた代用表現。when it comes to 〜 は「〜に関して言えば、〜という点になると」の意の慣用表現。 5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 _______ he survived such a terrible accident is a mystery to us. (A) As (B) How (C) Though (D) Therefore 訳；あんな大事故に遭いながら彼がどうやって助かったのか不思議だ。 ※正解(B)。【着眼点】he survived such a terrible accidentは、これ自体が文として独立できる構造を備えており、その後には「is（Ｖ）＋a mystery（Ｃ）＋to us（副詞句）」という主語を欠く構造が続いている。このことから文頭にはhe ... accidentの節全体を主語として機能できる名詞節にまとめ上げる語が要求されているとわかる。そして、それが可能なのはhowだけである（ → how ... = いかにして…したかというその方法）。 6. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 A man in a black coat _______ me of my wallet. (A) attacked (B) stole (C) robbed (D) asked 訳；黒いコートを着た男が私の財布を奪いました。 ※正解(C)。「奪う、盗む」という意味の動詞が入るのではないかということは比較的容易に察しがつきます。だからといって、安易に(B)stole を選んではいけません。単語の用法が違うのです。動詞＋人＋ of ＋物の形をとる「奪う」でなければなりません。 7. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 _______ our opinion, it would be better to ship them by air. (A) In (B) For (C) Of (D) As 訳；私たちの意見では、航空便で発送したほうがよいでしょう。 ※正解(A)。「私の意見では」という表現を、英語でそのまま覚えておくのが最も近道です。opinion に対しての前置詞が何になるのかを理屈で覚えようとしてもなかなか理解しきれるものではありません。 (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 James Monroe ----- the first U.S. president to tour the country while in office. (A) became (B) made (C) decided (D) strove ※正解(A)。【解説】 難しく考える必要はない。became the first U.S. president to... で「……した最初の合衆国大統領になった」の意味になる。strive「努力する」。 2. 空所補充問題 There is ----- debate these days about whether to put daylight saving time into effect all year round. (A) many (B) lots (C) much (D) a great deal ※正解(C)。【解説】 この場合のdebate「討論」は不可算名詞である。したがって、正解は(C)のmuchになる。 3. 空所補充問題 Negative comments can be helpful, as long as they embody ----- criticism, rather than gratuitous insults or complaints. (A) constructive (B) construction (C) constructing (D) constructed ※正解(A)。【解説】 embody「包含する」が動詞、criticismが目的語。ということは、空所には形容詞が入ることになる。正解は(A) constructive「建設的な」である。gratuitous「根拠のない」。 4. 空所補充問題 ----- Charles Lindbergh attempted his solo flight across the Atlantic, he brought with him five sandwiches and a quart of water. (A) If (B) Whereas (C) Because (D) When ※正解(D)。【解説】 If、Whereas、Becauseでは後ろの文と意味がつながらない。正解は(D) Whenである。 5. 空所補充問題 The Australian baobab tree is also called the bottle tree because ----- its distinctive bottle-shaped trunk. (A) for (B) to (C) of (D) as ※正解(C)。【解説】 because of ...で「……のために」の意味になる。したがって、正解は(C) ofである。baobab「バオバブ（熱帯アフリカ産の大木）」。 6. 正誤問題 (A)Had the potential applications for the electronic computer (B)been better understood, personal computers might (C)be available decades (D)earlier. ※正解(C)。【解説】 be → have been。問題文は仮定法過去完了If the potential applications had been... のHadを前に出して倒置した文である。したがって、might beではなく、might have beenとしなくてはならない。 7. 正誤問題 Historians generally agree (A)that New Zealander Richard William Pearse designed, (B)was building and flew (C)a powered monoplane several months (D)before the Wright brothers did. ※正解(B)。【解説】 was building → built。動詞designed, was building and flewに注目。was buildingだけ進行形になっているのはおかししい。他の２つに合わせて過去形builtにする。 8. 正誤問題 (A)The Roanoke, James and Potomac rivers, all in the state of Virginia, (B)have eroded gaps (C)in the portion of the Appalachian mountains (D)know as the Blue Ridge. ※正解(D)。【解説】 know → known。冠詞the、riversに呼応するhave、前置詞inの用法に問題はない。knowを過去分詞形knownにしなければ「……として知られている」の意味にならない。 9. 正誤問題 Nanotechnology could make (A)it possible to inject (B)microscopically machines into the bloodstream, (C)which would carry (D)out a variety of health maintenance functions. ※正解(B)。【解説】 microscopically → microscopic。itは不定詞to以下を指す代名詞。名詞machinesの前では副詞microscopicallyではなくmicroscopicを用いる。whichはmachinesを修飾する関係代名詞。carry out... で「……を実行する」の意味。Nanotechnology「ナノテクノロジー」。 10. 正誤問題 (A)They are an obvious and intuitive (B)fact (C)that children learn more effectively about topics they are interested (D)in. ※正解(A)。【解説】 They are → It is。【解説】an obvious factと単数形になっているので、文頭のThey areはIt isにしなければならない。 II. 時事英文 To be medical doctors (その10；全11回シリーズ) Dean Herscowitz says the classes at the mini-med school help people know more about their bodies. The classes also help them ask the right questions when they see their doctor. "People attend to become educated about their own illnesses and their family illnesses. The lecturer will usually spend the break talking to people, (who) say that friend of mine has this, you know just like you might expect. There are a lot of referrals that are given out at that time and there are a lot of questions that say 'you better see your doctor - I'm not gonna give you any advice at this point.'" Dean Herscowitz says the school has had students as young as twelve years old. But most of the students, he says, are older and retired. Some retired medical doctors who have been out of school for many years attend the classes to learn the latest medical science. Other people attend classes to see if they want to go to medical school and become a doctor. III - a. 雑知識
問題1 聞き覚えがある 私のフェイスブックに、高校時代の同級生だといってオチアイ・シンジという男性からメッセージが送られてきました。名前は聞き覚えがありますが、どんな人物だったかよく思い出せません。 I got a message on Facebook from a man named Shinji Ochiai who said he was my classmate in high school. The name rings ( ) but I can't quite remember who he was. a. buzzer b. tone c. triangle d. bell 問題2 物覚えが悪い 僕の70歳になるおばあちゃんは、英会話学校に通い始めました。でも、昨日習った表現が思い出せないことも多く、自分の物覚えの悪さに文句を言っています。 My 70-year-old grandmother has started attending English conversation classes. But she complains that she has a memory like a ( ) as she often can't remember the expressions she learned the day before. a sieve b. hole c. stone d. fossil 問題3 懐かしい品々 先日、久々に実家に帰りました。私が子供の頃に使っていた部屋を掃除していたら、いろいろな懐かしい品々が見つかりました。 I had a chance to go back to my parents' home after a long interval. When I cleaned my room, I found such ( )-forgotten treasures as photo albums, picture story books and toys. a. Narrowly b. over c. long d. deep 問題4 暗記する 目前に迫ってきた期末試験の対策はほぼ万全。忠志唯一の問題は世界史で、覚えることがたくさん姉ので僕は大の苦手です。 The final exam is just around the corner and I'm almost ready for it. The only problem is world history. The subject is a nightmare for me because there are so many things to learn by ( ). a. heart b. head c. brain d. mind 回答 1d 2a 3c 4a III -c. News Glossary Kepler 22b, an Earth-like planet 地球型惑星「ケプラー22b」 U.S. Space Agency NASA says it has discovered an Earth-like planet where water may exist in a liquid state, a condition essential for life. The plant is named Kepler 22b. 米航空宇宙局(NASA)は、 IV. Jokes a. My sister explained to my nephew how his voice would eventually change as he grew up. Tyler was exuberant at the prospect. "Cool!" he said. "I hope I got a German accent." b. The night we took our three young sons to an upscale restaurant for the first time, my husband ordered a bottle of wine. The server brought it over, began the ritual uncorking, and poured a small amount for me to taste. My six-year-old piped up, "Mum usually drinks a lot more than that." c. Filicia, my sleepy five-year-old niece, slipped into my bed just as my husband was heading downstairs to prepare breakfast. "Why do you hate eggs. Auntie?" she asked me. "Who said I hate eggs?" I replied. "But," she said. "I just heard you ask Uncle Anthony to break a few eggs and beat them up for you!" d. My five-year-old son, Callum, and I were discussing some of the differences in our childhood. I pointed out that we didn't have things like computers, mobile phones and Nintendo. I realized how huge the generation gap was when he asked me, "Did you have fruit?" e. "Boys just like one thing," my ten-year-old told a friend. Oh, no, the end of her innocence, I thought. Then she announced her finding: "PlayStations>" |