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資料No. ： NS111109
I-1 TOEIC, TOEFL練習問題
(1) TOEIC １. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 When do you think _______ boys will be done with the game? (A) them (B) that (C) those (D) they're 2. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Since I didn't speak Russian, I could barely make myself _______. (A) communicative (B) understanding (C) communication (D) understood 3. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 We recommend that _______ a higher grade of steel. (A) you use (B) you are using (C) you to use (D) you used 4. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 You _______ to try that new Thai restaurant across from the bank. (A) should (B) always (C) ought (D) could 5. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Reducing manufacturing expenses is our number one _______. (A) priority (B) prediction (C) probability (D) promotion 6. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 We take great pride _______ the opening of our Singapore office. (A) to expand (B) to announce (C) in concluding (D) in announcing 7. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The new president _______ increase R&D spending. (A) provides for (B) intends to (C) rejects the (D) supports an (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 It seems ----- just when the Asian art of paper folding emerged, although it is likely to have developed out of an older tradition of the decorative folding of cloth. (A) not being clear (B) to have been unclear (C) unclear (D) unclearly 2. 空所補充問題 The design of a building requires the architect ----- in a continuous dialogue between theoretical and practical considerations. (A) to engage (B) engaging (C) engage (D) engaged 3. 空所補充問題 The Treaty of Versailles formally ending World War I was harshly criticized not only by the vanquished, -----. (A) and by the victors as well (B) but by the victors as well (C) but by the victors indeed (D) or by the victors too 4. 空所補充問題 Since ancient boats were typically constructed out of perishable materials, archaeologists ----- find them intact and often must rely on contemporary artistic depictions of them. (A) unlikely (B) almost not ever (C) hardly never (D) rarely 5. 空所補充問題 ----- the most valuable and endangered tree species of tropical South America are the hardwoods teak and mahogany. (A) Within (B) Throughout (C) Among (D) Without 6. 正誤問題 It was (A)after German author Thomas Mann received (B)the Nobel Prize for literature in 1929 that he (C)goes on to create his most mature and distinguished (D)works. 7. 正誤問題 (A)Historic linguistics (B)is the study of the (C)changes languages (D)undergo over the centuries. 8. 正誤問題 (A)A controversy is currently (B)being raged in the field of artificial intelligence (C)over whether 'intelligent' computers reproduce human intelligence, or (D)merely mimic it. 9. 正誤問題 Cryogenics (A)is the science, (B)while still in its infancy, of preserving dead animals in a frozen state and (C)attempting to revive (D)them at a later date. 10. 正誤問題 (A)The human vertebral column (B)are also known (C)as the backbone, the spine (D)and the spinal column. I-2 TOEIC, TOEFL 練習問題解答 (1) TOEIC １. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 When do you think _______ boys will be done with the game? (A) them (B) that (C) those (D) they're 訳：あの男の子たちはいつゲームを終えると思いますか ※正解(Ｃ)。(A)them は文法的につながらない。boys が複数形であるから、(B)that も不可。 2. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Since I didn't speak Russian, I could barely make myself _______. (A) communicative (B) understanding (C) communication (D) understood 訳：私はロシア語を話さないので、あまり自分の意思を伝えられませんでした。 ※正解(D)。make はここでは「…にする」の意味。myself は understanding「理解している」の側ではなく、understood「理解されている」の側のはずです。 3. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 We recommend that _______ a higher grade of steel. (A) you use (B) you are using (C) you to use (D) you used 訳：もっと質の高い鋼鉄を使用することをお勧めします。 ※正解(A)。recommend「勧める、薦める」のように人に何かを勧める意味の動詞や、他人に何かを要求する意味の動詞が目的語に that 節をとる場合、that 以下が主語＋動詞の原形をとります。このような動詞の代表的なものには demand, urge, request などがあります。 4. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 You _______ to try that new Thai restaurant across from the bank. (A) should (B) always (C) ought (D) could 訳：銀行の向かい側の新しいタイ料理レストランに行ってみるべきです。 ※正解(Ｃ)。文中、空所の後ろの to が最大のポイントです。should や could といった助動詞は後ろが動詞の原形のはずです。 副詞 always の場合も to は不要です。ought to ... でひとつの助動詞扱いで、「…すべきである」の意味。 5. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Reducing manufacturing expenses is our number one _______. (A) priority (B) prediction (C) probability (D) promotion 訳：製造コストの削減が我々の第一の優先課題です。 ※正解(A)。ボキャブラリーの問題。priority「優先、優先課題」。prediction「予測」。probability「可能性」。promotion「促進、昇格」。 6. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 We take great pride _______ the opening of our Singapore office. (A) to expand (B) to announce (C) in concluding (D) in announcing 訳：当社シンガポール支店の開店を発表することは大変な誇りです。 ※正解(D)。expand the opening of ...「開店を拡大する」では意味の上で不可。「発表する」の意味の announce が適切ですが、「誇りに思う」の take pride は通常 take pride in ... の形で用います。 7. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The new president _______ increase R&D spending. (A) provides for (B) intends to (C) rejects the (D) supports an 訳：新しい社長は研究開発予算の増加を意図しています。 ※正解(B)。increase が「増加」の意味の名詞なのか、「増加させる」の意味の動詞なのかが問題。名詞であれば increase in R&D spending となるはず。前置詞 for や冠詞 the、an は名詞の前に置かれているはずです。 (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 It seems ----- just when the Asian art of paper folding emerged, although it is likely to have developed out of an older tradition of the decorative folding of cloth. (A) not being clear (B) to have been unclear (C) unclear (D) unclearly ※正解(Ｃ)。【解説】 seemsの後に形容詞unclearを続ければ、「アジアの芸術である折り紙(paper folding)がいつ登場した(emerged)のか、その時期ははっきりしていないようである」の意味になる。 2. 空所補充問題 The design of a building requires the architect ----- in a continuous dialogue between theoretical and practical considerations. (A) to engage (B) engaging (C) engage (D) engaged ※正解(A)。【解説】 require ... to〜で「……に〜することを必要とする」の意味になる。正解は(A) to engageである。 3. 空所補充問題 The Treaty of Versailles formally ending World War I was harshly criticized not only by the vanquished, -----. (A) and by the victors as well (B) but by the victors as well (C) but by the victors indeed (D) or by the victors too ※正解(B)。【解説】 not only ... の後に来るのはbut alsoだが、alsoは省略されることがあるので、正解は(B) not by the victors as wellである。このas wellがalsoと同じ働きをしている。The Treaty of Versailles「ベルサイユ条約」。 4. 空所補充問題 Since ancient boats were typically constructed out of perishable materials, archaeologists ----- find them intact and often must rely on contemporary artistic depictions of them. (A) unlikely (B) almost not ever (C) hardly never (D) rarely ※正解(D)。【解説】 「古代の船は腐りやすい(perishable)材質で出来ていたので、そのままのかたちで(intact)見つけることは……」。この後に続く副詞は？rarely「めったにない」を使えば意味が通るようになる。 5. 空所補充問題 ----- the most valuable and endangered tree species of tropical South America are the hardwoods teak and mahogany. (A) Within (B) Throughout (C) Among (D) Without ※正解(Ｃ)。【解説】 amongには「……の仲間である」という意味がある。The hardwoods teak and mahogany are among ... のamong ... が文頭に倒置されていることに注意。 6. 正誤問題 It was (A)after German author Thomas Mann received (B)the Nobel Prize for literature in 1929 that he (C)goes on to create his most mature and distinguished (D)works. ※正解(Ｃ)。【解説】 goes → went。接続詞after、冠詞theに問題はない。この文の時制は過去形なので、goesはwentになる。worksは可算名詞で「作品」の意味。 7. 正誤問題 (A)Historic linguistics (B)is the study of the (C)changes languages (D)undergo over the centuries. ※正解(A)。【解説】 Historic → Historical。Historicは「歴史的に有名な」という意味。歴史言語学はhistorical linguisticsと言う。undergo「受ける、経験する」。 8. 正誤問題 (A)A controversy is currently (B)being raged in the field of artificial intelligence (C)over whether 'intelligent' computers reproduce human intelligence, or (D)merely mimic it. ※正解(B)。【解説】 being raged → raging。この場合のcontroversy「論争」は可算名詞。rage「激怒する」は自動詞、したがって、being ragedはragingにしなくてはいけない。前置詞over、副詞merelyの用法に誤りはない。 9. 正誤問題 Cryogenics (A)is the science, (B)while still in its infancy, of preserving dead animals in a frozen state and (C)attempting to revive (D)them at a later date. ※正解(B)。【解説】 while still → still。cryogenics「低温学」は単数なのでisに問題はない。while stillのwhileは余分である。attemptingは前のofに続いている。themはanimalsのことである。 10. 正誤問題 (A)The human vertebral column (B)are also known (C)as the backbone, the spine (D)and the spinal column. ※正解(B)。【解説】 are → is。冠詞theに問題はない。human vertebral column「人間の脊椎」は単数であるので、areではなくisで受ける。is also known as ... で「……としても知られている」の意味。接続詞andの用法に誤りはない。 II. 時事英文 The White Swan (その3全5回シリーズ) A political expression with a similar meaning is the last hurrah. The expression may be used to describe a politician's last campaign, his final attempt to win the cheers and votes of the people. The last hurrah also can mean the last acts of a politician, before his term in office ends. Writer Edwin O'Connor made the expression popular in nineteen fifty-six. He wrote a book about the final years in the political life of a long-time mayor of Boston, Massachusetts. He called his book, The Last Hurrah. III - a. 雑知識
運動する 最近は食べ過ぎで体重が増えてしまいました。そこで、週末にはジムへ通って、少なくとも1時間は運動することに決めました。 I've been eating too much these days and have gained some weight. So, I made a decision to work out for at least an hour at the gym every weekend. ストレスを発散する カラオケで歌うのが私の気晴らしの一つ。多忙な1日が終わった時は、特にストレス発散に一役買ってくれます。 One of my favorite pastimes is singing karaoke. It especially helps me relieve stress after a hectic day. 酒をきっぱりやめる 深酒がたたり、肝臓を患ってしまいました。医者からは健康のためにも、酒をきっぱりやめるように言われました。 I've developed liver trouble because of heavy drinking. The doctor advised me to make a clean break from alcohol. 健康を保つ 父は定年退職後、何もせずにぶらぶらしていましたが、最近では健康を保つために、毎朝5キロのジョギングを始めました。 My father has been idle every day since his retirement, but now he has started jogging five kilometers every morning to keep in shape. III -c. News Glossary North Korean defectors 脱北者 A small wooden boat carrying self-described North Korean defectors has been found in the Sea of Japan. 自ら脱北者を名乗る人々を乗せた小型木造船が、日本海で発見された。 IV. Jokes a. My brother was alarmingly at ease speeding through a red light. I, on the other hand … "What if traffic cameras are watching?" I shrieked. "Stop worrying. Besides, it doesn't matter even if they are," he assured me. "I don't have license plates yet." b. I heard an older woman complain about her aches. But her friend one-upped her: "I woke up this morning and thought I was dead because nothing hurt." c. My choir was preparing for a tour, and our manager was getting anxious because the deadline to hand in our rooming preference was far overdue. She called the group to order and explained her dilemma, then concluded with this: "If you could all give me the list of whom you'd like to sleep with, we'll be on our way." d. On a checkup visit following recent cataract surgery, I sat in the waiting room with several dozen other grey-haired individuals. Each person was sporting some form of protective eye patch, eye guard or sunglasses. When my husband, Michael, came to pick me up, he said, "Good grief! I feel as if I've wandered into an old pirates' convention!" e. From my living room window I have a clear view of the street. Last summer, my neighbor's son was practicing skateboarding: zooming up and down the street, jumping, twisting and falling. These falls were spectacular. Each time, I breathed a sigh of relief when he rolled over and got up. Once, he zoomed down the street, spun in the air and landed in a heap - then didn't move. I raced across the lawn, ready to call 9-1-1. Just as the boy rolled over, his father burst from their home. "Yannick," he shouted, "those are new pants." f. My husband is a keen angler and constantly tells stories of his monster catches. Our three-year-old had clearly been paying attention. We were at a restaurant when he said that he needed the toilet. On his return, he announced loudly that he had done a poo. Stretching his arms out as wide as he could, he added, "And it was this big." |