|
資料No. ： NS111026
I-1 TOEIC, TOEFL練習問題
(1) TOEIC １. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The manager wanted the new secretary _______ the letters by 5:00. (A) will finish (B) finishing (C) could finish (D) to finish 2. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 We suggest that you get in touch _______ our Dallas office on that. (A) to (B) by (C) with (D) for 3. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 We are writing to _______ that the renewal date has been extended. (A) have reminded you (B) remind to you (C) remind you (D) reminding you 4. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 If I had been there I could have _______. (A) been help (B) helped (C) helping (D) helpful 5. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 _______ do you think about the new model? (A) Which (B) What (C) Who (D) Maybe 6. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 After checking the laundry, I found the colors _______ (A) had run (B) running (C) runner (D) run 7. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 They've all been _______ away already. (A) took (B) taken (C) taking (D) take (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 Throughout most of human history, fur has been obtained through ----- of wild animals, but today the vast majority of fur comes from ranches and fur farms. (A) to hunt and trap (B) the hunting and trapping (C) the hunted and trapped (D) hunt and trap 2. 空所補充問題 The primary function of a space suit is ----- from the deadly radiation, extreme decompression and temperature extremes of space. (A) the wearer is kept safe (B) keeping the wearer safe (C) to keep the wearer safe (D) keeps the wearer safe 3. 空所補充問題 James K. Polk ----- into office on March 4, 1845 as the 11th American president. (A) was sworn (B) swore (C) sworn (D) had sworn 4. 空所補充問題 Spanish explorers conceived of the construction of a canal linking the Atlantic and Pacific oceans as early as 1502, but ----- was successfully carried out until the Panama Canal was finally opened in 1914. (A) none plan like it (B) no such plan (C) never such a plan (D) nor any plan 5. 空所補充問題 "Wearable" computer equipment will begin to emerge as soon as comfortable, aesthetically pleasing fabrics incorporating insulated, electrically conductive fibers ----- developed. (A) can (B) are to be (C) are being (D) are 6. 正誤問題 (A)Hundreds of plays by Sophocles (B)have been lost, (C)with only short fragments or second-hand references (D)to remain. 7. 正誤問題 George Washington (A)was considered (B)a war hero when (C)was elected (D)America's first president. 8. 正誤問題 Some public policy experts have argued (A)that the system should not let welfare recipients (B)to receive benefits (C)without proving that they are actively seeking out (D)employment. 9. 正誤問題 The philosophical tradition (A)originated by Aristotle (B)has been (C)highly regarded in the world of medieval Islamic (D)thought. 10. 正誤問題 (A)The Galician language is very (B)closely related (C)to (D)that of Portuguese. I-2 TOEIC, TOEFL 練習問題解答 (1) TOEIC １. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The manager wanted the new secretary _______ the letters by 5:00. (A) will finish (B) finishing (C) could finish (D) to finish 訳：支配人は新しい秘書に 5 時までに手紙を書き終えてほしかった。 ※正解(D)。want ＋人＋ to ... の形で、「人に…してほしい」の意味。want はふつう that 節を伴うことはないので(A)や(C)は誤り。特に(A)では時制も合っていません。want ＋目的語＋ ...ing の形は通例否定文で用います。 2. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 We suggest that you get in touch _______ our Dallas office on that. (A) to (B) by (C) with (D) for 訳：その件については、当社のダラス支店に連絡を取られることをお勧めします。 ※正解(Ｃ)。「…と連絡をとる」（＝ contact）の意味になる熟語を考えます。in touch の部分が「連絡を取り合って」の意味を作っています。他に keep in touch with ...「…と連絡を続ける」等も知っておくとよいでしょう。 3. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 We are writing to _______ that the renewal date has been extended. (A) have reminded you (B) remind to you (C) remind you (D) reminding you 訳：更新時期が延長されたことの確認のためのお手紙を差し上げています。 ※正解(Ｃ)。have reminded you は時制が不自然。"to" の後ろはこの文では原形でなければならず、reminding you は不可。remind「思い出させる」の語法が問題。 4. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 If I had been there I could have _______. (A) been help (B) helped (C) helping (D) helpful 訳：もし私がそこにいたら、手伝うことができたのに。 ※正解(B)。If I had been という if 節から、主節は過去の事実に反する仮定を表す仮定法過去完了の文になることに注目します。この用法はという形を取ります。正解は、(B) の過去分詞 helped です。 5. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 _______ do you think about the new model? (A) Which (B) What (C) Who (D) Maybe 訳：新しいモデルについてはどう思いますか？ ※正解(B)。What do you think about 〜？ で「〜をどう思いますか？」という決まり文句です。(A) の Which は一定の人・事物の「どれか」という選択を尋ねる場合、(C) の Who は「誰？」と尋ねる疑問詞で、この場合不適切です。 6. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 After checking the laundry, I found the colors _______ (A) had run (B) running (C) runner (D) run 訳：洗濯物を見てみると、色落ちしていることがわかった。 ※正解(A)。この場合の run は「（色などが洗濯で）落ちる」という意味の自動詞です。(B) の running という現在分詞は、この場合は After checking 〜 という副詞節があるので不適切です。(D) の run を原形不定詞と考えると、find は原形不定詞を補語にはとりませんし、run は自動詞なので「〜させられた」という意味で過去分詞ととることもできません。正解は (A) で found の後に that 節 の that が省略された形です。 7. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 They've all been _______ away already. (A) took (B) taken (C) taking (D) take 訳：それらはもう持っていかれてしまいました。 ※正解(B)。They've (all) been に注目すると、 という完了時制であることがわかります。過去分詞 been の後に続く語は、(B) か (C) にしぼられます。take away は「〜を持ち去る」という他動詞句で目的語を伴うので、(C) は不可。受動態の完了時制となる (B) が正解になります。 (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 Throughout most of human history, fur has been obtained through ----- of wild animals, but today the vast majority of fur comes from ranches and fur farms. (A) to hunt and trap (B) the hunting and trapping (C) the hunted and trapped (D) hunt and trap ※正解(B)。【解説】 前置詞thoughの後にto hunt ... と不定詞が来るはずがない。through the hunting and trapping ... とすれば「野生動物を狩ったり、捕らえたりすることで」の意味になる。theの後にhuntedとtrappedを続けては、意味が成り立たない。 hunt and trapを名詞と考えても、of以下から限定されているのでその前に冠詞のtheが必要である。しかし、この場合には、名詞ではなく、the hunting and trappingと動名詞を使う。 2. 空所補充問題 The primary function of a space suit is ----- from the deadly radiation, extreme decompression and temperature extremes of space. (A) the wearer is kept safe (B) keeping the wearer safe (C) to keep the wearer safe (D) keeps the wearer safe ※正解(Ｃ)。【解説】 空所の前にisがあるので、正解はkeeping ... かto keep ... のどちらかである。このような場合には、動名詞ではなく、to不定詞を用いる。正解はto keep the wearer safeである。 3. 空所補充問題 James K. Polk ----- into office on March 4, 1845 as the 11th American president. (A) was sworn (B) swore (C) sworn (D) had sworn ※正解(A)。【解説】 swearの用法を知らなければ答えは分からない。be sworn into ... で「宣誓をして……に就任する」の意味になる。 4. 空所補充問題 Spanish explorers conceived of the construction of a canal linking the Atlantic and Pacific oceans as early as 1502, but ----- was successfully carried out until the Panama Canal was finally opened in 1914. (A) none plan like it (B) no such plan (C) never such a plan (D) nor any plan ※正解(B)。【解説】 文意からして空所には「そのような計画は……ない」の意味になるはずである。この意味を表すのはno such planである。 5. 空所補充問題 "Wearable" computer equipment will begin to emerge as soon as comfortable, aesthetically pleasing fabrics incorporating insulated, electrically conductive fibers ----- developed. (A) can (B) are to be (C) are being (D) are ※正解(D)。【解説】 as soon asの後は、主語+( )+developedの形になっている。このことから空所に受け身のbeが入ることが分かるだろう。これで「……が開発されたらすぐに」の意味になる。 6. 正誤問題 (A)Hundreds of plays by Sophocles (B)have been lost, (C)with only short fragments or second-hand references (D)to remain. ※正解(D)。【解説】 to remain → remaining。hundreds of ... 「多くの（何百もの）……」と完了形have been ... の用法に問題はない。前置詞withは状況を表している。to remainはremaining「残った」としなければいけない。 7. 正誤問題 George Washington (A)was considered (B)a war hero when (C)was elected (D)America's first president. ※正解(Ｃ)。【解説】 was → he was。すぐにwhenの後のwasがおかしいことに気づいたのではないか。このままではwhen以下の文に主語がないことになる。heを補わなければ文が成立しない。 8. 正誤問題 Some public policy experts have argued (A)that the system should not let welfare recipients (B)to receive benefits (C)without proving that they are actively seeking out (D)employment. ※正解(B)。【解説】 to receive → receive。接続詞thatに問題はない。letがあるので、to receiveは原形のreceiveになる。without proving that ... で「……を証明せずに」の意味になる。employment「職」に冠詞は必要ない。 9. 正誤問題 The philosophical tradition (A)originated by Aristotle (B)has been (C)highly regarded in the world of medieval Islamic (D)thought. ※正解(B)。【解説】 has been → was。originated byの前にはthat wasが略されている。過去の話をしているのでhas beenはwasにしなければならない。highly「大いに」はregardedにかかる副詞。thoughtは「思想」の意。 10. 正誤問題 (A)The Galician language is very (B)closely related (C)to (D)that of Portuguese. ※正解(D)。【解説】 that of Portuguese → Portuguese。冠詞theに問題はない。be very closely related to ... で「.……ととても密接に関係している」の意味になる。どう見てもthat of Portugueseのthat ofは必要ない。 II. 時事英文 The White Swan (その1全5回シリーズ) The white swan - with its long, graceful neck - is among the most beautiful of birds. The swan is mostly silent through its life. It floats quietly on the water, unable to sing sweet songs like most other birds. In ancient times, however, people believed that the swan was given a special gift of song at the end of its life. They believed a swan sings a most beautiful song just before it dies. The ancient Greek philosopher Socrates talked of this two thousand three hundred years ago. Socrates explained that the swan was singing because it was happy. The bird was happy because it was going to serve the Greek God Apollo. Swans were holy to Apollo, the god of poetry and song. III - a. 雑知識
キレる 私の友人のスコットは普段はおとなしい人ですが、時々、キレて暴力的になることがあります。 My friend Scott is usually a quiet person, but he sometimes loses his temper and becomes violent. ふてくされる 留学先の学生寮で私のルームメイトになったキャロラインは、ちょっと付き合いにくいタイプ。すべて自分の思い通りにならないと、ふてくされてしまいます。 My new roommate Caroloyn in the on-campus dormitory is a bit difficult. She gets sulky when she doesn't get her own way in everything. 荒れる 同僚のサトウ君は、このところ職場でかなりのストレスがたまっている様子。昨晩、一緒に飲んだとき、かなり荒れていた。 My colleague Mr. Sato seems to have been under a lot of stress at work these days. He was totally out of control after we had a few drinks last night. あたりちらす テニス部に所属しているケンタは、とてもプライドが高く、試合に負けるたびに周囲の人にあたりちらす傾向があります。 Kenta has too much pride. Whenever he loses a tennis match, he tends to take it out on anyone around him. III -c. News Glossary evacuation order 避難命令 With the first hurricane to make landfall in the continental United States since 2008, government officials issued evacuation orders for about 2.3 million people, according to The Associated Press. AP通信によると、米本土への上陸が2008年以内となるハリケーンに備えて、米政府当局は約230万人に避難命令を出した。 IV. Jokes a. The barber's client looked depressed, so the barber told him, "Cheer up. I knew a guy who owed $5000 he couldn't pay. He drove his vehicle to the edge of a cliff, where he sat for over an hour. A group of concerned citizens heard about his problem and passed a hat around. Relieved, the man pulled back from the edge." "Incredible," said the client. "Who were these kind people?" "The passengers on the bus." b. A man goes to his doctor nd hands him a note that says "I can't talk! Please help me!" "OK," says the doctor. "Put your thumb on the table." The man doesn't understand how that will help, but he does what he's told. The doctor picks up a huge book and drops it on the man's thumb. "AAAAAAAAAA!" the man yells. "Good," says the doctor. "Come back tomorrow and we'll work on B." c. A restaurant posts a sign that says "$500 if we fail to fill your order." A customer decides to put it to the test by ordering "elephant ears on rye." The waitress writes down his order and walks to the kitchen. Seconds later, the chef storms out of the kitchen, goes to the customer's table, and slams down five hundred-dollar bills. "You got me," he tells the customer. "But I want to know that this is the first time in ten years we've been out of rye bread." |