資料No. : NS111012
I-1 TOEIC, TOEFL練習問題
(1) TOEIC 1. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 When would they have _______ to see it? (A) to been (B) able to be (C) been able (D) able 2. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Behind the current economic strength _______ the concern over exchange rates. (A) will lurk (B) lurking (C) has lurked (D) lurks 3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 We should try very _______ to improve our relationship with our customers. (A) hardly (B) probably (C) hard (D) possible 4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 There is a 3% _______ if you order more than 100. (A) reduce (B) discount (C) cheaper (D) inexpensive 5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The key to our future success _______ increased productivity. (A) depends (B) had to be (C) will be (D) is likely 6. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Not only her children but also her mother _______ in the park. (A) was (B) have been (C) being (D) were 7. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Are you sure we ought _______ this on the air later tonight? (A) to show (B) to be shown (C) have shown (D) show (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 It is universally accepted that the airspace over a country is part of its territory, ----- orbital flight space above the atmosphere. (A) of the same, is not true (B) but the same is not true of (C) but the same is true, not of (D) not but the same is true of 2. 空所補充問題 ----- concrete combines the compressive strength of concrete with the tensile strength of steel to form an extremely resilient structural material. (A) To reinforce (B) Reinforce (C) Reinforces (D) Reinforced 3. 空所補充問題 In the U.S., the anticommunist sentiment of the Cold War ----- peak during the McCarthy era of the 1950s. (A) reaching it (B) had it reached (C) reached its (D) to reach it 4. 空所補充問題 The writings of the 17th century scholar and preacher Robert Fuller blend ----- observations with amusing puns and other conceits. (A) weightily, moralistic and profound (B) weighty, morally and profoundly (C) weight, moral and profound (D) weighty, moralistic and profound 5. 空所補充問題 The tradition of "manifest destiny" was the embodiment ----- the American expansionists' desire in the 1840s to extend U.S. territory westward to the Pacific. (A) on (B) for (C) to (D) of 6. 正誤問題 A paravane (A)can described as an underwater kite (B)that can be towed (C)by (D)a boat and maintained at a preset depth. 7. 正誤問題 (A)In the early days of photography, photographers (B)had not only to make their own equipment, (C)and perform all their chemical processing (D)themselves. 8. 正誤問題 The (A)oldest (B)knowing record of the practice of snow skiing is (C)a Norwegian rock carving (D)dating from 2000 B.C. 9. 正誤問題 (A)Crudely versions of underwater breathing apparatus for divers (B)were first developed in the (C)1870s, but practical scuba gear did not appear (D)until the 1940s. 10. 正誤問題 Saudi Arabia is a kingdom (A)that occupying most of (B)the Arabian Peninsula, and bordered (C)on the north and south by Arab neighbors (D)including Iraq and Kuwait. I-2 TOEIC, TOEFL 練習問題解答 (1) TOEIC 1. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 When would they have _______ to see it? (A) to been (B) able to be (C) been able (D) able 訳:彼らはいつそれを見ることができたのでしょうか? ※正解(C)。would と have をヒントに仮定法過去完了であることがわかります。の形で「過去の事柄に関する不確実な推量」を表します。正解は (C) の been able で、「たぶん見られなかっただろう」という含みをもつ反語的な意味になります。 2. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Behind the current economic strength _______ the concern over exchange rates. (A) will lurk (B) lurking (C) has lurked (D) lurks 訳:現在の経済の強さの裏には為替レートに関する不安が潜んでいる。 ※正解(D)。"The concern over exchange rates ( ) behind the current economic strength."の倒置と考えればよい。 ( ) の中には動詞が入ることが容易に分かるはず。will lurk は時制が問題。has lurked も意味上不自然。 3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 We should try very _______ to improve our relationship with our customers. (A) hardly (B) probably (C) hard (D) possible 訳:私たちは顧客との関係を向上させるために一所懸命に努めねばなりません。 ※正解(C)。probably「おそらく」は意味上、possible「可能な」は意味と構文上不可。hardly は否定の副詞で、「まず…ではない」の意味。 4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 There is a 3% _______ if you order more than 100. (A) reduce (B) discount (C) cheaper (D) inexpensive 訳:100 個以上ご注文の場合には 3% の割引があります。 ※正解(B)。a があるところから「値引き、割引」の意味の名詞が入ることが分かるはずです。reduce は「削減する、低下させる」の意味の動詞。cheaper は形容詞 cheap(「安い」の意味で、inexpensive と同義)の比較級。 5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The key to our future success _______ increased productivity. (A) depends (B) had to be (C) will be (D) is likely 訳:当社の将来的な成功の鍵は生産性の向上です。 ※正解(C)。depends「…に拠る」を使う時は、Our future success depends on increased productivity. likely は「たぶん」の意味では、通常 very または most を伴います。「…しそうだ」の意味では、be likely to ... または be likely that ...です。 6. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Not only her children but also her mother _______ in the park. (A) was (B) have been (C) being (D) were 訳:彼女の子供たちだけでなく、彼女の母親もその公園にいた。 ※正解(A)。not only 〜 but also ... 「〜だけでなく…もまた」が主語の位置にある場合、動詞は ... に一致させます。したがって、ここでは her mother に呼応する、(A) の was が正解です。 7. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Are you sure we ought _______ this on the air later tonight? (A) to show (B) to be shown (C) have shown (D) show 訳:これを今晩遅くに放送するべきだと本当に思いますか? ※正解(A)。ought は後ろにがくるので (C)、(D) は不適切です。(B) は受動態で、「〜されるべきだ」という意味。 (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 It is universally accepted that the airspace over a country is part of its territory, ----- orbital flight space above the atmosphere. (A) of the same, is not true (B) but the same is not true of (C) but the same is true, not of (D) not but the same is true of ※正解(B)。【解説】 (A)の語順がおかしいのはすぐに分かるだろう。(C)、(D)共にnotの位置に問題がある。正解は(B)である。be true of ... 「... にあてはまる」。 2. 空所補充問題 ----- concrete combines the compressive strength of concrete with the tensile strength of steel to form an extremely resilient structural material. (A) To reinforce (B) Reinforce (C) Reinforces (D) Reinforced ※正解(D)。【解説】 この文の動詞はcombinesである。したがって、動詞Reinforce、Reinforcesは使えない。Reinforced concreteで「鉄筋コンクリート」の意味になる。正解は(D)である。 3. 空所補充問題 In the U.S., the anticommunist sentiment of the Cold War ----- peak during the McCarthy era of the 1950s. (A) reaching it (B) had it reached (C) reached its (D) to reach it ※正解(C)。【解説】 空所に入る語句と名詞peakで「ピークに達した」の意味になる。この意味を表すのは(C) reached itsである。 4. 空所補充問題 The writings of the 17th century scholar and preacher Robert Fuller blend ----- observations with amusing puns and other conceits. (A) weightily, moralistic and profound (B) weighty, morally and profoundly (C) weight, moral and profound (D) weighty, moralistic and profound ※正解(D)。【解説】 空所にはその後に来る名詞observationsを修飾する語句が入ることになる。(A) (B) (C)の選択肢には、形容詞、副詞、名詞が混在している。正解は形容詞が3つ並んでいる(D)である。 5. 空所補充問題 The tradition of "manifest destiny" was the embodiment ----- the American expansionists' desire in the 1840s to extend U.S. territory westward to the Pacific. (A) on (B) for (C) to (D) of ※正解(D)。【解説】 難しく考えることはない。the embodiment of ... で「... の具体化、実現」の意味になる。 6. 正誤問題 A paravane (A)can described as an underwater kite (B)that can be towed (C)by (D)a boat and maintained at a preset depth. ※正解(A)。【解説】 can → can be。canの後にdescribedが来ているのはどうみてもおかしい。ここはcan be described as ... と受け身にしなけらばならない。関係代名詞that、前置詞by、冠詞aの用法に誤りはない。 7. 正誤問題 (A)In the early days of photography, photographers (B)had not only to make their own equipment, (C)and perform all their chemical processing (D)themselves. ※正解(C)。【解説】 and → but。時を表す前置詞in、過去形hadに問題はない。not onlyがあるのでその後にはbut (also)が来るはずだが、andとなっている。andをbut (alsoは省略可)にしなくては意味が通らない。themselvesとはphotographersのことである。 8. 正誤問題 The (A)oldest (B)knowing record of the practice of snow skiing is (C)a Norwegian rock carving (D)dating from 2000 B.C. ※正解(B)。【解説】 knowing → known。最上級のoldestに問題はない。「知られている」の意味にするなら、knowingはing形ではなく過去分詞knownにしなくてはいけない。冠詞a、分詞dating (that datesと同じ働き)の用法に誤りはない。 9. 正誤問題 (A)Crudely versions of underwater breathing apparatus for divers (B)were first developed in the (C)1870s, but practical scuba gear did not appear (D)until the 1940s. ※正解(A)。【解説】 Crudely → Crude。名詞versionsの前では、副詞Crudelyではなく、形容詞Crudeを使う。wereはversionsに呼応している。in the 1870sで「1870年代に」の意味になる。前置詞untilの用法に問題はない。 10. 正誤問題 Saudi Arabia is a kingdom (A)that occupying most of (B)the Arabian Peninsula, and bordered (C)on the north and south by Arab neighbors (D)including Iraq and Kuwait. ※正解(A)。【解説】 that → thatをカットする。。thatは関係代名詞だが、その直後に分詞occupyingが来ているので、ここでthatを使う必要はない。the Arabian Peninsulaとは「アラビア半島」のことである。border onで「接する」の意味。including「... を含む」は前置詞である。 II. 時事英文 For Many Americans Summertime is Reading Time(その13:全14回シリーズ) SHIRLEY GRIFFITH: Other summer reading possibilities include works of non-fiction. "The Greater Journey: Americans in Paris" is by historian David McCullough. It tells about how the city of Paris had a huge influence on many nineteenth century American artists and scientists. These include writer James Fenimore Cooper and inventor Samuel Morse. Erik Larson's latest book takes place during the first years of Adolf Hitler's rule in Germany in the nineteen thirties. "In the Garden of Beasts" tells the story of the growing influence of the Nazi party through the eyes of two Americans living in Berlin at the time. III - a. 雑知識
肉離れを起こす ハーフマラソンに出場しようと、何カ月も練習を続けてきたのですが、大会の2週間前に右のふくらはぎに肉離れを起こしてしまいました。 I pulled a muscle in my right calf two weeks before a half marathon I'd been training for months. あざができる 高校のラグビーの選手権でなんとか決勝まで勝ち進むことができました。でも、試合が終わってみると、全身あざだらけになっているのに気付きました。 We managed to go on to the finals in the rugby tournament, but I found myself black and blue all over after the game. 10針縫う 私の息子は先日、空き地で遊んでいる最中に石につまずいて転んでしまい、眉の上の傷口を10針縫いました。 My son stumbled over a stone and fell down. He got 10 stitches on the cut above his eyebrow. 消毒する サッカーの試合の最中に右ひざにけがをしてしまい、すぐに病院へ。医者は傷口をアルコールで消毒して包帯を巻いてくれました。 The doctor disinfected the wound with alcohol and wrapped a bandage around my left knee. III -c. News Glossary the yen's sharp appreciation 急激な円高 Japan's economy is expected to return to a growth track in the July-September period, but the yen's sharp appreciation, a slowdown of the global economy and spreading radioactive contamination are casting a shadow over signs of recovery. 日本経済は7〜9月期に成長路線に戻ると予想されているが、急激な円高、世界的な景気の停滞、それに加えて拡大する放射能汚染が、回復の予兆に暗い影を投げかけている。 IV. Jokes a. After standing in line at the department of motor vehicles for what felt like eons, my brother finally got to the counter. As the clerk typed his name into the computer, she said, "That's odd." "What's wrong?" James asked. "My computer says you're deceased." Surveying his surroundings, James muttered, "Great. I died and went to hell." b. Five months pregnant and ravenous, I decided a second helping of dinner was in order. Of course, as soon as I spooned more food onto my plate, my husband had something to say about it. "Remember, I'm eating for two," I reminded him. "True," her said, "But how many are you exercising for?" c. I walked into the music store to buy a CD of Rachmaninoff's Second Piano Concerto. I found the hip-hop, R&B, country, and jazz sections, but no area where I might look for Rachmaninoff. "Excuse me," I said to a young store clerk. "Do you have a classical section?" After a brief hesitation, she asked, "You mean … like Elvis?" d. Dad's a safety-first kind of guy. But while vacationing with some buddies, he was talked into going parasailing. He was on the back of the boat getting hooked into the parachute when he nervously asked the pilot, "How often do you replace the rope?" The pilot helpfully replied, "Every time it breaks." e. After a fruitless year of entering an online competition, I suddenly drew a blank on my password. I chose the new-password option on the website and waited for the company to email me. An hour later, I got it. The password they gave me: loser61. f. My sight-impaired friend was in a grocery store with her guide dog when the manager asked, "Is that a blind dog?" My friend said, "I hope not. Or we're both in trouble." |