資料No. : NS110817
I-1 TOEIC, TOEFL練習問題
(1) TOEIC 1. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 If the decision isn't favorable to us, please let me know as soon as possible so I can contact _______ companies. (A) another (B) other (C) others (D) either 2. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 _______ are more than thirty people eligible to be on the company's medical insurance plan. (A) They (B) All that (C) As (D) There 3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Should the federal government give every American a medical ID number, making _______ possible to track medical records? (A) it (B) him (C) one (D) that 4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Pesticides and chemical _______ are becoming some of the worst water pollutants in America. (A) fertile (B) fertility (C) fertilizers (D) fertileness 5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 This computer system will best _______ ABC Inc. to meet its expanding production requirements. (A) enter (B) enable (C) enact (D) enforce 6. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Don't _______ the new car warranty offered by the manufacturer of the vehicle. (A) overlook (B) overhaul (C) overbook (D) overcome 7. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 It takes a great amount of time and effort to be _______ at any foreign language. (A) prodigal (B) productive (C) proficient (D) professional (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 The Internet has spread ----- the number of websites in existence already exceeds 2 billion. (A) such rapidly (B) such rapidly as (C) so rapidly than (D) so rapidly that 2. 空所補充問題 After its construction in New York at the height of the Great Depression, the Empire State Building remained the world's ----- building for more than 40 years. (A) tall (B) taller (C) tallest (D) most tall 3. 空所補充問題 Animism is the belief that ordinary objects or natural phenomena are invested with a supernatural essence often ----- to as the "soul". (A) refer (B) referred (C) referring (D) to refer 4. 空所補充問題 It is an economic certainty that the lower the price of a government bond falls, -----. (A) the higher its yield will be (B) its yield will be higher (C) rises higher its yield (D) higher is its yield 5. 空所補充問題 Cast iron -----cast from pig iron by long heating at high temperature and slow cooling is especially strong and malleable. (A) which (B) is (C) that is (D) that will be 6. 正誤問題 The use of a metal spring to (A)storage and release energy made (B)it possible to make watches (C)that were more compact than (D)ever before. 7. 正誤問題 The Persian Empire, (A)ranging from the Indus River (B)to the western borders of Asia Minor and Egypt, reached (C)its peak (D)at more than 400 B.C. 8. 正誤問題 The nuclear family (A)consisting of parents and their children living in (B)a single household, (C)while the extended family may (D)include more than two generations. 9. 正誤問題 Although a (A)perfectly circular orbit is (B)a theoretical possibility, (C)most the planets and moons travel in orbits that are elliptical (D)to some degree. 10. 正誤問題 Shell and flower (A)motifs (B)did an important role (C)in the decorative elements of furniture design (D)during the reign of Louis XV of France. I-2 TOEIC, TOEFL 練習問題解答 (1) TOEIC 1. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 If the decision isn't favorable to us, please let me know as soon as possible so I can contact _______ companies. (A) another (B) other (C) others (D) either 訳:だめな場合は他の会社を当たりますので、できるだけ早くお知らせください。 ※正解(B)。《解説》ポイントは不定代名詞another, otherの使い方。anotherは「an + other」で単数の可算名詞につけて、「 もう1つの, もう1人の」の意味。ここでは後ろにくる語はcompaniesと複数名詞であるからanotherはあり得ない。otherは形容詞として使うときは、「他の, 別の」の意味で複数名詞の前につける。 2. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 _______ are more than thirty people eligible to be on the company's medical insurance plan. (A) They (B) All that (C) As (D) There 訳:その会社の医療保険プランの適格者は30人以上いる。 ※正解(D)。《解説》主語に何をもってくるのが最適であるかを考える。補充箇所の後には「be動詞+名詞句」が続く。名詞句はmore than thirty people eligible to 〜(〜する資格のある30人以上の人々)であるが、これをbe動詞の補語とするか、主語とするか(There構文)がポイント。medical insurance plan「医療保険プラン」。 《選択肢》 (B) と (C) は構文上あり得ない。 3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Should the federal government give every American a medical ID number, making _______ possible to track medical records? (A) it (B) him (C) one (D) that 訳:連邦政府は一人一人のアメリカ人に診療IDナンバーを与えて、診療記録をたどることを可能にするべきだろうか? ※正解(A)。《解説》makingやto不定詞のto track「たどること」などに着目すれば、ここは形式目的語のitを入れるべきところ。形式目的語のitは後にくるto不定詞やthat節の内容を受ける。make it possible to doで「〜することを可能にする」の意味。the federal government「連邦政府」、medical ID number「診療IDナンバー」 4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Pesticides and chemical _______ are becoming some of the worst water pollutants in America. (A) fertile (B) fertility (C) fertilizers (D) fertileness 訳:殺虫剤と化学肥料がアメリカでは水の最悪の汚染物の1つになっている。 ※正解(C)。《解説》補充箇所は文の主語を構成するがPesticides「殺虫剤」との形の上での並行性の保持に留意する。基本的には語彙力の問題となるが、(C) のfertilizers「肥料」が-sと複数形名詞でPesticidesと呼応する。pollutant「汚染物」 《選択肢》fertile「肥よくな」, fertility「肥よくさ」, fertileness「肥よく性」 5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 This computer system will best _______ ABC Inc. to meet its expanding production requirements. (A) enter (B) enable (C) enact (D) enforce 訳:このコンピュータシステムを使えばABC社は拡大する生産の要求に一番うまく応えることができるだろう。 ※正解(B)。【着眼点】「動詞+目的語+to 不定詞」の形に注意して選択肢の動詞を選ぶ。enableは「enable+目的語+to 不定詞」の形で「〜に…することを可能にする」の意味になる。なお、接頭辞のen-は「〜の中に入れる, 〜の上に置く」、「〜にする」、「中に,〜のうちに」の意味。 【選択肢】enter「〜に入る」, enact「〜を制定する」, enforce「〜を実施する」 6. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Don't _______ the new car warranty offered by the manufacturer of the vehicle. (A) overlook (B) overhaul (C) overbook (D) overcome 訳:自動車メーカーのつける新車の保証書を見落としてはいけない。 ※正解(A)。【着眼点】選択肢の語はいずれもover-を接頭辞にもつ動詞。over-は「上(位)の, 上から」,「余分に; 過度に」,「向こうへ, 越えて, 渡って」,「倒して, ひっくり返して」の意味。 【選択肢】overlook「〜を見落とす」, overhaul「〜を分解修理する」, overbook「定員以上の予約をとる」, overcome「〜を克服する」 7. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 It takes a great amount of time and effort to be _______ at any foreign language. (A) prodigal (B) productive (C) proficient (D) professional 訳:どんな外国語でも堪能になるためには大変な時間と努力を要する。 ※正解(C)。【着眼点】選択肢にはいずれもpro-(賛成の、前の、代わりの)を接頭辞にもつ形容詞が並ぶので、文の内容から選ぶことになる。a great amount of time and effortを要するのは外国語にどのようになるためか。 【選択肢】prodigal「放蕩な」, productive「生産力のある」, proficient「堪能な」, professional「専門(職)の」 (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 The Internet has spread ----- the number of websites in existence already exceeds 2 billion. (A) such rapidly (B) such rapidly as (C) so rapidly than (D) so rapidly that ※正解(D)。【解説】 suchの後には名詞句が来るはずである。副詞rapidlyをsoで強調し、その後 に接続詞thatを続ければso ... that構文になる。 2. 空所補充問題 After its construction in New York at the height of the Great Depression, the Empire State Building remained the world's ----- building for more than 40 years. (A) tall (B) taller (C) tallest (D) most tall ※正解(C)。【解説】 難しく考えることはない。the world'sの後に来るのは最上級のtallestである。 3. 空所補充問題 Animism is the belief that ordinary objects or natural phenomena are invested with a supernatural essence often ----- to as the "soul". (A) refer (B) referred (C) referring (D) to refer ※正解(B)。【解説】 be referred to as ... で「... と呼ばれている」の意味になる。空所に referredを入れればその前にthat/which isが省略されていることになるので、これが正解となる。 4. 空所補充問題 It is an economic certainty that the lower the price of a government bond falls, -----. (A) the higher its yield will be (B) its yield will be higher (C) rises higher its yield (D) higher is its yield ※正解(A)。【解説】 the lower ... に対応するのは、the higher ...である。これで「... が下 がれば下がるほど、... はますます高くなる」の意味になる。 5. 空所補充問題 Cast iron -----cast from pig iron by long heating at high temperature and slow cooling is especially strong and malleable. (A) which (B) is (C) that is (D) that will be ※正解(C)。【解説】 空所の後のcastは過去分詞で「... (から)鋳造される」という意味にな る。このことからisを含むthat isが正解となる。事実を述べているのでthat will beと未来形にする必要はない。 6. 正誤問題 The use of a metal spring to (A)storage and release energy made (B)it possible to make watches (C)that were more compact than (D)ever before. ※正解(A)。【解説】 storage → store。 toは前置詞ではなく不定詞である。その後には、当然、名詞storageではな く、動詞store「蓄える」が来ることになる。itはto以下の内容を指す。thatは関係 代名詞。everは強調の副詞である。 7. 正誤問題 The Persian Empire, (A)ranging from the Indus River (B)to the western borders of Asia Minor and Egypt, reached (C)its peak (D)at more than 400 B.C. ※正解(D)。【解説】 at more than → before。 ranging(分詞構文)及びfrom ... toの用法に問題はない。itsはThe Persian Empireを指す。at more thanではなくbeforeを使わなくては意味が通らな い。 【解説】 空所の後のcastは過去分詞で「... (から)鋳造される」という意味にな る。このことからisを含むthat isが正解となる。事実を述べているのでthat will beと未来形にする必要はない。 8. 正誤問題 The nuclear family (A)consisting of parents and their children living in (B)a single household, (C)while the extended family may (D)include more than two generations. ※正解(A)。【解説】 consisting → consists。 consistingのままではこの文には動詞がないことになる。consistingを consistsにすればその問題が解決する。household「家族」は可算名詞。接続詞 whileと動詞include「含む」の用法に誤りはない。 9. 正誤問題 Although a (A)perfectly circular orbit is (B)a theoretical possibility, (C)most the planets and moons travel in orbits that are elliptical (D)to some degree. ※正解(C)。【解説】 most → most of perfectlyは形容詞circularを修飾する副詞。possibility「可能性」は可算 名詞である。most the planetsのままではどうも収まりが悪い。most of the planetsが正しい言い方である。to some degreeで「ある程度」の意味になる。 10. 正誤問題 Shell and flower (A)motifs (B)did an important role (C)in the decorative elements of furniture design (D)during the reign of Louis XV of France. ※正解(B)。【解説】 did → played。 motifs「モチーフ、基調」は可算名詞である。play an important role in ... で「... において重要な役割を果たす」の意味になる。したがって、didではな くplayedを使わなくてはならない。duringは期間を表す前置詞。 II. 時事英文 For Many Americans Summertime is Reading Time(その5:全14回シリーズ) ANN PATCHETT: "There was too much coiling and uncoiling for an accurate measurement but the snake appeared to be fifteen feet long, eighteen when it stretched. Benoit appeared to be five feet, five inches, and he was outweighed by as much as fifty pounds. The three doctors pressed away, screaming various invectives in an unhelpful language. Marina wanted to jump in the water and to run across the lettuce with the long toed birds, but who could say the snake didn't have a family down there? III - a. 雑知識
ここだけの話ですが 今朝の通勤途中で、同僚のサトウ君と一緒の電車になり「ここだけの話だけど、僕、宝くじで100万円が当たったんだ」と教えてくれました。 Mr. Sato said to me, "This is just between you and me, but I won 1 million yen in the lottery." 一応、念のため ミキとユキオは自分たちの結婚式の準備中。 招待状は出席者の都合もあるので、念のため、3カ月前には出そうと決めました。 To be on the safe side, we should send our wedding invitation at least three months prior to the event date. はっきり言って 話題の新作映画が先週封切られた。早速、それを見た友人のメグミに感想を聞いてみたところ、「はすっきり言って、全然面白くなかった」と言っていました。 When I asked Megumi about the newly-released movie, she said, "To be honest with you, it was not interesting at all." 失礼ながら 営業部の月例会議で、新戦略を発表した部長に対して、新入社員のワタナベ君が勇気を振り絞ってひと言。「失礼ながら、その案はうまくいかないと思います」。 Mr. Watanabe summoned up the courage to tell the division chief, "With all due respect, I don't think your idea will work." III -c. News Glossary daylight-saving time サマータイム The governor of Tokyo, Shintaro Ishihara, would like to take the experiment a step further and establish daylight-saving time, shifting clocks forward during summer months, as many nations do. 石原慎太郎東京都知事は、この実験をさらに一歩進めて、他の多くの国がやっているように、夏の間、時計を進めるサマータイムを導入したいとしている。 IV. Jokes a. Some of us took our friend, an old woman, out to lunch to celebrate her birthday. When the waitress came to take our order, one of the woman told her, "This is a special occasion. Elsie is 92 today." The waitress made seven instant enemies and one friend by asking, "Which one is Elsie?" b. My doctor swore that my colonoscopy would be painless, but the nurse made it seem otherwise. "The lab," she said, "will call you for your screaming." c. When his house went up in flames, my brother-in-law watched firemen fight a losing battle to save the green-house. One firefighter tried to console him: "We couldn't get the plants out, but we did water them." d. The deafening car alarm outside the supermarket got everyone's attention. So by the time I entered the store, this announcement was coming over the PA system: "Would the owner of a silver PT Cruiser please return to the parking lot? Your car is crying." e. So much for the hard sell. "Coffee table," read a classified in our local shopping guide. "Top is brown with fabric trim around side. Very ugly but looks new." f. To celebrate their daughter's move to France, friends threw a lavish going-away party, which included actors dressed as famous French figures, cancan dancers and even an ice sculpture of the Effel Tower. My husband whispered, "My goodness, what unmitigated Gaul." g. A defendant appeared before me in the magistrate' court, charged with stealing two washing machines .He was covered in bruises and had one arm in a sling. "My client wishes to apologize for his appearance," explained the defense solicitor, "but he fell off the back of a lorry." |