資料No. : NS110720
I-1 TOEIC, TOEFL練習問題
(1) TOEIC 1. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 I have _______ many CDs as Henry. (A) three times so (B) three time as (C) as three times (D) three times as 2. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The estimate we agreed upon was _______ of the two. (A) a lower (B) the lower (C) the lowest (D) the most lowest 3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 When it comes to the atmosphere, this restaurant is not _______ as the one we went to last week. (A) as good (B) so better (C) more better (D) such the best 4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 _______ he survived such a terrible accident is a mystery to us. (A) As (B) How (C) Though (D) Therefore 5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 A man in a black coat _______ me of my wallet. (A) attacked (B) stole (C) robbed (D) asked 6. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 _______ our opinion, it would be better to ship them by air. (A) In (B) For (C) Of (D) As 7. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Your prompt _______ to our proposal would be highly appreciated. (A) respond (B) response (C) to respond (D) responded (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 The passing lane on a highway is intended to allow ------ to overtake those moving more slowly. (A) vehicles are fast-moving (B) vehicles are moving fast (C) vehicles move fast (D) fast-moving vehicles 2. 空所補充問題 Although the United Nations ------ of vital importance to world peace, many governments do not take it very seriously. (A) are (B) were (C) is (D) are that 3. 空所補充問題 Crocodiles are often mistaken for alligators, ------ they are similar in many ways. (A) in spite of (B) because (C) regardless (D) due to 4. 空所補充問題 Some people believe that sending a man to Mars would be a noble undertaking, while others think ------ pure science fiction. (A) it would have been (B) it's (C) it will be (D) it had to be 5. 空所補充問題 ------ one of the world's largest collections of historical artifacts. (A) At the Smithsonian Museum (B) It is the Smithsonian Museum (C) The Smithsonian Museum, with (D) The Smithsonian Museum has 6. 正誤問題 Many drivers carry a (A)10-gallons can of gasoline in the trunk (B)in case they (C)run out of fuel (D)on a long trip. 7. 正誤問題 (A)Throughout history, societies (B)all over the world have built giant statues, such as (C)Statue of Liberty, to represent ideas and values they (D)hold dear. 8. 正誤問題 Meteorologists (A)talk that in the open ocean, seismic sea waves often have (B)wavelengths of (C)up to several hundred miles, but heights of (D)less than 3 ft. 9. 正誤問題 Ants are capable (A)to lift objects that (B)weigh (C)far more than (D)themselves. 10. 正誤問題 Jumbo jets usually have heaters (A)inside the wings to (B)prevent the (C)form of ice (D)on the outer wing surface. I-2 TOEIC, TOEFL 練習問題解答 (1) TOEIC 1. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 I have _______ many CDs as Henry. (A) three times so (B) three time as (C) as three times (D) three times as 訳:私はヘンリーの3倍多くのCDを持っている。 ※正解(D)。【着眼点】原級を用いた倍数表現ではas ... asの最初のasの直前にtwice, three [four, five, etc.] timesなどの倍数詞が置かれる。したがって正解は (D)。 【選択肢】 (A) はsoが不可だが、これは倍数表現に限らないので注意( → He is as [×so] tall as I.)。肯定文で用いられたas ... asをso ... asに代えた出題は誤文訂正問題でも頻出。(B) はtimeが単数形なので不可。(C) は語順が不可。 2. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The estimate we agreed upon was _______ of the two. (A) a lower (B) the lower (C) the lowest (D) the most lowest 訳:2つの提示額のうち、話がまとまったのは安いほうの見積りだった。 ※正解(B)。【着眼点】空所の後のof the twoに注目。2者間の比較で「より〜なほう」という文脈であるから (C) や (D) は不可だが、(D) のほうは最上級のlowestにmostがついていることからしても問題外。なお、(D) のような組み合わせは誤文訂正問題ではよく出されている。(A) は冠詞のaが問題。「2つのうちのより〜なほう」のように指し示す対象が1つに定まる文脈ではtheを用いる。 3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 When it comes to the atmosphere, this restaurant is not _______ as the one we went to last week. (A) as good (B) so better (C) more better (D) such the best 訳:雰囲気ということで言えば、このレストランは先週行ったレストランほどは良くない。 ※正解(A)。【着眼点】比較の対象がas the oneとasで導入されているから原級比較であり、(A) を選ぶことになる。oneはここではrestaurantをくり返す代わりに用いられた代用表現。when it comes to 〜 は「〜に関して言えば、〜という点になると」の意の慣用表現。 4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 _______ he survived such a terrible accident is a mystery to us. (A) As (B) How (C) Though (D) Therefore 訳:あんな大事故に遭いながら彼がどうやって助かったのか不思議だ。 ※正解(B)。【着眼点】he survived such a terrible accidentは、これ自体が文として独立できる構造を備えており、その後には「is(V)+a mystery(C)+to us(副詞句)」という主語を欠く構造が続いている。このことから文頭にはhe ... accidentの節全体を主語として機能できる名詞節にまとめ上げる語が要求されているとわかる。そして、それが可能なのはhowだけである( → how ... = いかにして…したかというその方法)。 5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 A man in a black coat _______ me of my wallet. (A) attacked (B) stole (C) robbed (D) asked 訳:黒いコートを着た男が私の財布を奪いました。 ※正解(C)。「奪う、盗む」という意味の動詞が入るのではないかということは比較的容易に察しがつきます。だからといって、安易に(B)stole を選んではいけません。単語の用法が違うのです。動詞+人+ of +物の形をとる「奪う」でなければなりません。 6. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 _______ our opinion, it would be better to ship them by air. (A) In (B) For (C) Of (D) As 訳:私たちの意見では、航空便で発送したほうがよいでしょう。 ※正解(A)。「私の意見では」という表現を、英語でそのまま覚えておくのが最も近道です。opinion に対しての前置詞が何になるのかを理屈で覚えようとしてもなかなか理解しきれるものではありません。 7. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Your prompt _______ to our proposal would be highly appreciated. (A) respond (B) response (C) to respond (D) responded 訳:当社の提案に早急にお返事願えれば幸いです。 ※正解(B)。ビジネス・レターでよく使用される文です。Your の後ろには名詞があることが予想されますが、prompt の品詞を見極めることがまず大切です。これが「迅速な」の意味の形容詞であることが分かれば、その後ろに名詞がこなければいけないことが明らかになります。 (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 The passing lane on a highway is intended to allow ------ to overtake those moving more slowly. (A) vehicles are fast-moving (B) vehicles are moving fast (C) vehicles move fast (D) fast-moving vehicles ※正解(D)。【解説】 allow ... to〜で「... に〜することを可能にする」の意味。allowの後には名詞(句)が来ることになる。したがって、正解はfast-moving vehiclesである。他の選択肢には動詞が入っているので不可となる。 2. 空所補充問題 Although the United Nations ------ of vital importance to world peace, many governments do not take it very seriously. (A) are (B) were (C) is (D) are that ※正解(C)。【解説】 the United Nations「国連」は単数である。当然、be動詞はisになる。 3. 空所補充問題 Crocodiles are often mistaken for alligators, ------ they are similar in many ways. (A) in spite of (B) because (C) regardless (D) due to ※正解(B)。【解説】 選択肢の中で、2つの文を繋ぐことが出来る接続詞はbecauseだけである。in spite ofとdue toは前置詞句、regardless「不注意な」は形容詞。 4. 空所補充問題 Some people believe that sending a man to Mars would be a noble undertaking, while others think ------ pure science fiction. (A) it would have been (B) it's (C) it will be (D) it had to be ※正解(B)。【解説】 前半は仮定法「... だろう」の文になっている。空所にit'sが入れば、「... だ」と考えを述べていることになる。 5. 空所補充問題 ------ one of the world's largest collections of historical artifacts. (A) At the Smithsonian Museum (B) It is the Smithsonian Museum (C) The Smithsonian Museum, with (D) The Smithsonian Museum has ※正解(D)。【解説】 空所の後に来る語句から、空所には主語と動詞が入ることが分かる。It is the Smithsonian Museumでは、その後にone of ... と名詞が続くことになる。正解はThe Smithsonian Museum hasである。 6. 正誤問題 Many drivers carry a (A)10-gallons can of gasoline in the trunk (B)in case they (C)run out of fuel (D)on a long trip. ※正解(A)。【解説】 a 10-gallons canのように、10とgallonsの間にハイフンを入れて形容詞として用いる場合には、複数形は単数形にするというルールがある。したがって、ここではa 10-gallon canとしなければならない。 7. 正誤問題 (A)Throughout history, societies (B)all over the world have built giant statues, such as (C)Statue of Liberty, to represent ideas and values they (D)hold dear. ※正解(C)。【解説】 「自由の女神像」はthe Statue of Libertyと言う。問題文では冠詞theが抜けている。 8. 正誤問題 Meteorologists (A)talk that in the open ocean, seismic sea waves often have (B)wavelengths of (C)up to several hundred miles, but heights of (D)less than 3 ft. ※正解(A)。【解説】 talkの直後にthat節を続ける用法はない。ここはsay that ... としなければならない。 9. 正誤問題 Ants are capable (A)to lift objects that (B)weigh (C)far more than (D)themselves. ※正解(A)。【解説】 capableの後に動詞を続ける場合には、「前置詞of+動名詞」という形にする。ここではto liftではなくof liftingにする。 10. 正誤問題 Jumbo jets usually have heaters (A)inside the wings to (B)prevent the (C)form of ice (D)on the outer wing surface. ※正解(C)。【解説】 formは「形」の意味。ここではformation「形成」にしなければ文意が成立しない。 II. 時事英文 For Many Americans Summertime is Reading Time(その1:全14回シリーズ) STEVE EMBER: And I'm Steve Ember with EXPLORATIONS in VOA Special English. Our subject today is books. For many Americans, summer is a good time to catch up on reading, whether the book is serious or fun. Some popular novels are called "beach reads" because they are fun and light stories that can be read while -possibly - sitting by the ocean on a beach. Some newspapers and magazines publish lists with summer reading suggestions. Today, we tell about some of those books. III - a. 雑知識
大きく報じられる 贈収賄容疑でマスコミの話題をさらっていた例の政治家が、ついに辞任へ。各紙朝刊で、このニュースが大きく報じられました。 The resignation of the politician over the payoff scandal made headlines in today's morning papers. 購読を更新する 英語の先生の勧めで昨年から読み始めた朝日ウイークリー。面白い記事がたくさんあるので、購読をもう1年分更新するつもりです。 Because there are a lot of interesting articleas in Asahi Weekly, I'm going to renew my subscription for another year. 新聞配達をする 私の父はとても努力家です。若いころは苦学生で、学費を稼ぐために毎朝4時に起きて新聞配達をしていたそうです。 When he was young, my father was a working student. He covered his school expenses by doing the newspaper rout, waking up at 4 o'clock every morning. 折り込み広告 うちのお母さんにとって、新聞の折り込み広告は貴重な情報源。食料品をどこで買うかや、買い物リストを作るのに役立てています。 My mother always uses newspaper inserts to decide where to shop for groceries and help shape her shopping list. III -c. News Glossary renewable energy 再生可能エネルギー Mr. Kan said Japan would retain nuclear and fossil fuels as energy sources, but he vowed to add two pillars to Japan's energy policy: renewable energy and conservation. 日本は今後、原子力と化石燃料をエネルギー源として堅持するが、「再生可能エネルギー」と「省エネ」を、エネルギー政策の二つの柱として付け加えると菅直人首相は述べた。 IV. Jokes a. I had contacted a butcher to get sheep brains for a lecture in my neuroanatomy class and said I'd be by to pick them up. But when I arrived at the shop, it was closed. Taped to the door was this note: "Teacher, your brains are next door at the barbershop." b. The proud father could not stop cooing over his newborn in our maternity ward. But when it came time for me to change the baby's diaper, the man's glee faded. "Wait a minute! That can't be my son!" he yelled. "Why not?" I asked. "Because I'm circumcised, and he's not!" c. My father, a pastor, met with a couple who wanted to marry in his church. When he raised the subject of premarital counseling, the two were quick to nix it. "We don't need counseling," the bride-to-be assured him. "We've both been married several times before." d. On my first day working at a psychiatric hospital, I met a friendly man who assured me that the staff was great. "You'll like it here," he said. "Good to know," I said. "Thanks." That afternoon, e assembled for a round of meetings with our patients. Standing among them was my new friend. "Psst, get over here," he whispered, giggling. "What's so funny?" I asked. "You were standing in the staff's section." e. After months of fruitless searching, I ran across a job in the want ads that I knew I was qualified for. The posting read "Position may be filed by male or female only." |