資料No. : NS110511
I-1 TOEIC, TOEFL練習問題 (1) TOEIC 1. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The police _______ the demonstration on the grounds that it might lead to violence. (A) have banned (B) has ban (C) banning (D) are ban 2. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 She just didn't have _______ to ask for a raise. (A) the nerve (B) the plan (C) the gut (D) the feel 3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 I was happy that I _______ work so early this afternoon. (A) got there (B) got home (C) got off (D) got in 4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 New York's Big Apple Bank _______ that 75 scheduled layoffs have been avoided. (A) described (B) spoke (C) told (D) announced 5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 I couldn't believe how _______ Tom solved the puzzle. (A) haste (B) speedy (C) quickly (D) swift 6. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Those _______ looking clouds mean a storm is coming. (A) mysterious (B) ominous (C) menace (D) trouble 7. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Her husband was _______ to her plans for divorce. (A) knowledge (B) scheming (C) oblivious (D) secret (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 Humans appear ----- the first organisms on earth, and perhaps in the entire universe, capable of pondering the meaning of their own existence. (A) are (B) be (C) being (D) to be 2. 空所補充問題 Untreated, natural wheat flour is usually composed ----- about one percent sugar. (A) of (B) to (C) for (D) in 3. 空所補充問題 The vast ----- of known cultures celebrate the commencement of the New Year with festivals that include jubilation over the symbolic renewal of life. (A) majority (B) many (C) most (D) much 4. 空所補充問題 The French Revolution was a violent and ----- movement that tore through France between 1787 and 1799 and reached its first climax there in 1789. (A) chaos (B) chaotically (C) chaotic (D) more chaos 5. 空所補充問題 In 1949, Canada was the world's ----- trading nation. (A) three greater (B) third greatly (C) three great (D) third greatest 6. 正誤問題 Lip reading, (A)or speech reading, is a technique (B)by which hearing impaired people infer (C)that is (D)being said by the visible movement of the mouth and face. 7. 正誤問題 (A)Many plants obtain nourishment by capturing insects and sometimes small mammals, (B)usual with the use of specialized leaves (C)that function (D)as traps. 8. 正誤問題 (A)The Nobel Prize (B)for chemistry was awarded for Fritz Pregl in 1923 for the Austrian (C)chemist's invention of a method of microscopically (D)analyzing organic substances. 9. 正誤問題 Genetic technology is (A)used in the brewing industry as a (B)mean of obtaining strains of yeast that (C)produce alcohol more (D)efficiently than other strains. 10. 正誤問題 After (A)serving (B)for 30 years as a maximum security federal facility for dangerous criminals, the prison (C)on Alcatraz island in San Francisco Bay was (D)close in the 1960s. I-2 TOEIC, TOEFL 練習問題解答 (1) TOEIC 1. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The police _______ the demonstration on the grounds that it might lead to violence. (A) have banned (B) has ban (C) banning (D) are ban 訳:警察は暴動に発展しかねないという理由でそのデモを禁止した。 ※正解(A)。【着眼点】主語のpoliceは警官(policeman, policewoman, police officer)の集合体を表す集合名詞。集合名詞は、[1]その集合体を一単位と考えて単数扱いする場合と、[2]逆に集合体の個々の成員のほうを強く意識するため、語形上は単数形でも複数で扱われる場合とがある。ただし、このpoliceに関してはふつう [2]の用法のみで用いられる。 【選択肢】ban(=禁止する)は動詞。述語動詞として通るのは (A) のみ。 2. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 She just didn't have _______ to ask for a raise. (A) the nerve (B) the plan (C) the gut (D) the feel 訳:彼女には賃上げを要求する度胸がなかっただけです。 ※正解(A)。(A)か(C)で迷いそう。have the nerve は「神経が図太いこと」。gut は「内臓」。複数形 guts には「ガッツ、根性」の意がある。 3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 I was happy that I _______ work so early this afternoon. (A) got there (B) got home (C) got off (D) got in 訳:今日の午後はこんなに早く仕事が済んで嬉しい。 ※正解(C)。happy なのは「仕事が済んだ」時。「…から離れる」のニュアンスを持つものを考える。日本語でも「オフ」という語は使う。 4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 New York's Big Apple Bank _______ that 75 scheduled layoffs have been avoided. (A) described (B) spoke (C) told (D) announced 訳:ニューヨークのビッグアップル銀行は、予定されていた 75 人の解雇は回避することができたと発表した。 ※正解(D)。単語力が勝負となる。それぞれ動詞の意味を理解していないと苦しい。(A)の described は「描写する」。 5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 I couldn't believe how _______ Tom solved the puzzle. (A) haste (B) speedy (C) quickly (D) swift 訳:トムがあんなに速くパズルを解くなんて信じられなかった。 ※正解(C)。「速く」は副詞でなければならない。(B)は speedily、(D)は swiftly であれば考えうる。 6. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Those _______ looking clouds mean a storm is coming. (A) mysterious (B) ominous (C) menace (D) trouble 訳:あの不吉な雲は嵐が来ることを示している。 ※正解(B)。知っている単語で、意味が不自然なものから除去する。menace は「脅威」。 7. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Her husband was _______ to her plans for divorce. (A) knowledge (B) scheming (C) oblivious (D) secret 訳:彼女の夫は、彼女の離婚の計画に関心がなかった。 ※正解(C)。「人+ was ... to 〜」のパターンにあてはまる語をさがし出す。be oblivious to ... で、「…に無関心な」の意。 (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 Humans appear ----- the first organisms on earth, and perhaps in the entire universe, capable of pondering the meaning of their own existence. (A) are (B) be (C) being (D) to be ※正解(D)。【解説】 動詞appearの後に直接are、beを続けることはできない。appear being ... という言い方はしない。appear to be... で「……のように見える」という意味になる。 2. 空所補充問題 Untreated, natural wheat flour is usually composed ----- about one percent sugar. (A) of (B) to (C) for (D) in ※正解(A)。【解説】 be composedの後に来る前置詞は? ofを続けて「……からなる、構成される」の意味になる。 3. 空所補充問題 The vast ----- of known cultures celebrate the commencement of the New Year with festivals that include jubilation over the symbolic renewal of life. (A) majority (B) many (C) most (D) much ※正解(A)。【解説】 空所の前に形容詞vastがある点に注意。The vast majority of... で「……の大部分は」という意味になるので、正解は(A)。commencement「開始、始まり」、jubilation「歓喜」。 4. 空所補充問題 The French Revolution was a violent and ----- movement that tore through France between 1787 and 1799 and reached its first climax there in 1789. (A) chaos (B) chaotically (C) chaotic (D) more chaos ※正解(C)。【解説】 空所の前に形容詞violent、後に名詞movementがあることから、空所には形容詞が入ると考えられる。したがって、(C) chaotic「無秩序な、混沌とした」が正解。 5. 空所補充問題 In 1949, Canada was the world's ----- trading nation. (A) three greater (B) third greatly (C) three great (D) third greatest ※正解(D)。【解説】 「世界第3位の貿易国」という意味にするには、序数と最上級の組み合わthird greatestを用いる。 6. 正誤問題 Lip reading, (A)or speech reading, is a technique (B)by which hearing impaired people infer (C)that is (D)being said by the visible movement of the mouth and face. ※正解(C)。【解説】 that → what。orと前置詞+関係代名詞by whichに問題はない。thatのままではis being... 以下の主語がないことになる。thatではなくwhatを使えばその問題が解決する。being said by... は受け身の進行形。lip reading「読唇術」。 7. 正誤問題 (A)Many plants obtain nourishment by capturing insects and sometimes small mammals, (B)usual with the use of specialized leaves (C)that function (D)as traps. ※正解(B)。【解説】 usual → usually。この文の主語であるMany plantsに問題はない。usual with the use of... は「大抵は……を使って」という意味になるはずである。ここは形容詞ではなく副詞usuallyを用いる。thatは関係代名詞、asは「……として」という意味の前置詞。nourishment「栄養」。 8. 正誤問題 (A)The Nobel Prize (B)for chemistry was awarded for Fritz Pregl in 1923 for the Austrian (C)chemist's invention of a method of microscopically (D)analyzing organic substances. ※正解(B)。【解説】 for → to。Nobel Prizeの前の冠詞Theに問題はない。「 ……に与えられる」はbe awarded to... なのでforが誤り。the Austrian chemist's inventionで「オーストリア人化学者のあ発明」の意味。analyzingはthat analyzesの働きをしている。 9. 正誤問題 Genetic technology is (A)used in the brewing industry as a (B)mean of obtaining strains of yeast that (C)produce alcohol more (D)efficiently than other strains. ※正解(B)。【解説】 mean → means。be used in... 「……において使われている」。「……の手段として」という意味にするにはas a mean of... のmeanをmeans「手段、方法(単数扱い)」にしなくてはいけない。produceは前のstrainsに呼応している。副詞efficientlyに問題はない。genetic「遺伝子の」。 10. 正誤問題 After (A)serving (B)for 30 years as a maximum security federal facility for dangerous criminals, the prison (C)on Alcatraz island in San Francisco Bay was (D)close in the 1960s. ※正解(D)。【解説】 close → closed。前置詞Afterの後の動名詞serving、前置詞for、onの用法に問題はない。closeをclosed「閉鎖される」にしなければ意味が通らない。 II.時事英文 Green Cities (その11:全13回シリーズ) One small town in Kansas is about as green as its name. In May of two thousand seven, a tornado windstorm destroyed most of the town of Greensburg, Kansas. The town decided to rebuild in a better way, using green methods. Greensburg officials decided that all public building projects would follow LEED top-level requirements. For example, the 5.4.7. Arts Center is completely powered by energy from the wind and sun. It was named after the date the tornado struck. The television station Planet Green aired a program on the town called "Greensburg." Over three seasons, the show told about the town, its people, and the green building efforts. III - a. 雑知識
浮気する have an affair ※I wonder why my girlfriend had an affair with such a stingy man. 頭から離れない cannot put ~ out of one's mind ※It has been two years since Yoko got married, but I cannot put her out of my mind. よりを戻す make up with ※Taro had a big fight with Yuka the other day, but he is now trying to make buo with her. 遠距離恋愛する be in a long-distance relationship ※I've been in a long-distance relationship with my boyfriend who was transferred to Kyoto about a year ago. III -c. News Glossary research whaling 調査捕鯨 Citing harassment tactics by the Sea Shephered Conservation Society, fisheries minister Michihiko Kano said on Feb. 18 he had instructed four Japanese research whaling ships to cut short their mission in the Antarctic Ocean and return home. 鹿野道彦農林水産相は2月18日、反捕鯨団体「シー・シェパード」による妨害行為を理由に、日本の調査捕鯨船団4隻に南極海での活動を切り上げて帰国するよう指示したことを明らかにした。 IV. Jokes a. Feeling listless, I bought some expensive "brain-stimulating" pills at the health food store. But it wasn't until I got home that I read the label. "This is just rosemary extract," I complained to my husband. "I can't believe I spent all that money for something that I have growing like wild in the yard!" "See?" he said. "You're smarter already." b. A woman walked into the elevator tossing her keys up in the air and catching them. After one too many tosses, she dropped the keys, and we watched as they disappeared into the crack between the open doors and the floor. I felt terrible for her. Or I did until she cried, "Oh no! Not again!" c. During my uncle's wake, I saw two friends of his peer into the open casket. "Doesn't Stanley look good?" said one. "He should," said the other. "He just got out of the hospital." d. Seen on the bathroom door of an upscale s: "Caution! Toilets flushed with reclaimed water. Do not drink" e. We received a questionnaire from the local authority about the coming year's council tax. It asked us whether we would like a 3%, a 6% or 9% increase, with the implications for services of each explained underneath. How very democratic, I thought. A month later, another letter from the council arrived with the results. Eighty-four percent had picked a 3% rise, 16% had picked 6% and 0% had picked a 9% rise. At the bottom on the page the letter went on to explain how the council would act on the findings. "This year's council tax will rise by 9%," it said. |