|
資料No. ： NS110406
I-1 TOEIC, TOEFL練習問題
(1) TOEIC １. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 We suggest that you get in touch _______ our Dallas office on that. (A) to (B) by (C) with (D) for 2. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 We are writing to _______ that the renewal date has been extended. (A) have reminded you (B) remind to you (C) remind you (D) reminding you 3. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 If I had been there I could have _______. (A) been help (B) helped (C) helping (D) helpful 4. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 _______ do you think about the new model? (A) Which (B) What (C) Who (D) Maybe 5. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 After checking the laundry, I found the colors _______ (A) had run (B) running (C) runner (D) run 6. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 They've all been _______ away already. (A) took (B) taken (C) taking (D) take 7. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 That's the store _______ I bought it. (A) that (B) where (C) which (D) there (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 Acquiring a medical degree requires not only academic preparation but rigorous practical training -----. (A) as well as (B) as well (C) as also (D) also to 2. 空所補充問題 The California Gold Rush lasted -----, and was followed by others in the U.S., Australia, South Africa and Canada. (A) through 1848 from 1849 (B) to 1849 through from 1848 (C) through from 1848 to 1849 (D) from 1848 through 1849 3. 空所補充問題 The pigmented membrane constituting the iris of the eye forms a radial pattern unique ----- each individual. (A) as (B) at (C) to (D) from 4. 空所補充問題 The risk of kidney stones can be dramatically reduced with a diet ----- in salt and red meat. (A) that lowers (B) is lower (C) low (D) lowering 5. 空所補充問題 The esophagus is a muscular tube that carries food from the mouth to the stomach, and ----- sometimes also referred to as the gullet, especially in animals. (A) are (B) is (C) to be (D) being 6. 正誤問題 Eighteenth-century English fur trader and (A)the explorer Anthony Henday, (B)who (C)was born on the Isle of Wight, was the first white man (D)to visit the Blackfoot Indians of Canada. 7. 正誤問題 (A)The Gila River flows (B)west across Arizona (C)from the Mogollon Mountains of New Mexico, and sometimes (D)empties it into the Colorado River near Yuma. 8. 正誤問題 The great size and (A)beautiful of the feathers of the bird known as the peacock (B)give (C)it a (D)uniquely exotic appearance. 9. 正誤問題 In 1949, Poland officially (A)declared that it had achieved the (B)three most immediate goals of a (C)three-years plan to begin the long, (D)painful process of postwar recovery. 10. 正誤問題 About 150 (A)millions years ago (B)in (C)what is now the western United States, a giant plant-eating dinosaur called Apatosaurus (D)thrived. I-2 TOEIC, TOEFL 練習問題解答 (1) TOEIC １. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 We suggest that you get in touch _______ our Dallas office on that. (A) to (B) by (C) with (D) for 訳：その件については、当社のダラス支店に連絡を取られることをお勧めします。 ※正解(Ｃ)。「…と連絡をとる」（＝ contact）の意味になる熟語を考えます。in touch の部分が「連絡を取り合って」の意味を作っています。他に keep in touch with ...「…と連絡を続ける」等も知っておくとよいでしょう。 2. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 We are writing to _______ that the renewal date has been extended. (A) have reminded you (B) remind to you (C) remind you (D) reminding you 訳：更新時期が延長されたことの確認のためのお手紙を差し上げています。 ※正解(Ｃ)。have reminded you は時制が不自然。"to" の後ろはこの文では原形でなければならず、reminding you は不可。remind「思い出させる」の語法が問題。 3. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 If I had been there I could have _______. (A) been help (B) helped (C) helping (D) helpful 訳：もし私がそこにいたら、手伝うことができたのに。 ※正解(B)。If I had been という if 節から、主節は過去の事実に反する仮定を表す仮定法過去完了の文になることに注目します。この用法はという形を取ります。正解は、(B) の過去分詞 helped です。 4. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 _______ do you think about the new model? (A) Which (B) What (C) Who (D) Maybe 訳：新しいモデルについてはどう思いますか？ ※正解(B)。What do you think about 〜？ で「〜をどう思いますか？」という決まり文句です。(A) の Which は一定の人・事物の「どれか」という選択を尋ねる場合、(C) の Who は「誰？」と尋ねる疑問詞で、この場合不適切です。 5. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 After checking the laundry, I found the colors _______ (A) had run (B) running (C) runner (D) run 訳：洗濯物を見てみると、色落ちしていることがわかった。 ※正解(A)。この場合の run は「（色などが洗濯で）落ちる」という意味の自動詞です。(B) の running という現在分詞は、この場合は After checking 〜 という副詞節があるので不適切です。(D) の run を原形不定詞と考えると、find は原形不定詞を補語にはとりませんし、run は自動詞なので「〜させられた」という意味で過去分詞ととることもできません。正解は (A) で found の後に that 節 の that が省略された形です。 6. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 They've all been _______ away already. (A) took (B) taken (C) taking (D) take 訳：それらはもう持っていかれてしまいました。 ※正解(B)。They've (all) been に注目すると、 という完了時制であることがわかります。過去分詞 been の後に続く語は、(B) か (C) にしぼられます。take away は「〜を持ち去る」という他動詞句で目的語を伴うので、(C) は不可。受動態の完了時制となる (B) が正解になります。 7. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 That's the store _______ I bought it. (A) that (B) where (C) which (D) there 訳：私がそれを買ったのはその店です。 ※正解(B)。That's the store. と I bought it there. の2文をつなぐ関係詞が入ります。the store を先行詞として接続詞と副詞の働きをする (B) の関係副詞 where が正解です。関係代名詞の (C) which を用いる場合、in which と前置詞が必要です。 (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 Acquiring a medical degree requires not only academic preparation but rigorous practical training -----. (A) as well as (B) as well (C) as also (D) also to ※正解(B)。【解説】 as well as、as also、also toを問題文の最後に使えないのは明らかである。「……も」の意味を表す(B) as wellが正解。rigorous「厳しい」。 2. 空所補充問題 The California Gold Rush lasted -----, and was followed by others in the U.S., Australia, South Africa and Canada. (A) through 1848 from 1849 (B) to 1849 through from 1848 (C) through from 1848 to 1849 (D) from 1848 through 1849 ※正解(D)。【解説】 from... toがあれば戸惑うことはないのだが。選択肢にはそれがない。from 〜 through... で「〜から……までずっと」の意味になるので正解は(D)。last「続く」。 3. 空所補充問題 The pigmented membrane constituting the iris of the eye forms a radial pattern unique ----- each individual. (A) as (B) at (C) to (D) from ※正解(Ｃ)。【解説】 形容詞uniqueの後にどの前置詞が来るか？be unique to... で「……に特有の」という意味になる。正解は(C)。membrane「膜、細胞膜」、iris「（眼球の）虹彩」。 4. 空所補充問題 The risk of kidney stones can be dramatically reduced with a diet ----- in salt and red meat. (A) that lowers (B) is lower (C) low (D) lowering ※正解(Ｃ)。【解説】 be low in... で「……が少ない」の意味になる。しかし、dietの後に続けるにはthat is low ... を用いることになるが選択肢には見あたらない。さて正解は？that isを省略してlowをdietの後に続ければいいのである。 5. 空所補充問題 The esophagus is a muscular tube that carries food from the mouth to the stomach, and ----- sometimes also referred to as the gullet, especially in animals. (A) are (B) is (C) to be (D) being ※正解(B)。【解説】 この文の主語は単数形のThe esophagus「食道」である。The esophagusに呼応したisを空所に入れればis referred to as... 「……と呼ばれている」の意味になる。gullet「のど、食道」。 6. 正誤問題 Eighteenth-century English fur trader and (A)the explorer Anthony Henday, (B)who (C)was born on the Isle of Wight, was the first white man (D)to visit the Blackfoot Indians of Canada. ※正解(A)。【解説】 the explorer → explorer。fur traderとthe explorerが並列されているのでEighteenth-century Englishはexplorerにもかかることになる。したがって、冠詞theは不要である。 7. 正誤問題 (A)The Gila River flows (B)west across Arizona (C)from the Mogollon Mountains of New Mexico, and sometimes (D)empties it into the Colorado River near Yuma. ※正解(D)。【解説】 empties it → empties。文頭の冠詞The、副詞west、前置詞fromの用法に問題はない。empty into... で「……に注ぐ」の意味になるのでitは必要ない。 8. 正誤問題 The great size and (A)beautiful of the feathers of the bird known as the peacock (B)give (C)it a (D)uniquely exotic appearance. ※正解(A)。【解説】 beautiful → beauty。beautifulの前後に名詞size、前置詞ofがあることから、ここでは名詞beautyを使わなくてはいけないことがわかる。giveはこの文の主語に呼応している。itはthe birdを指している。exoticを修飾する副詞uniquelyの用法に問題はない。 9. 正誤問題 In 1949, Poland officially (A)declared that it had achieved the (B)three most immediate goals of a (C)three-years plan to begin the long, (D)painful process of postwar recovery. ※正解(Ｃ)。【解説】 three-years → three-year。declared that... で「……を宣言した」の意味。three mostの語順に問題はない。three-yearsは形容詞なので、この場合sは取らなければいけない。painful「苦しい、つらい」。 10. 正誤問題 About 150 (A)millions years ago (B)in (C)what is now the western United States, a giant plant-eating dinosaur called Apatosaurus (D)thrived. ※正解(A)。【解説】 millions → million。150 millions years agoはどう見てもおかしい。この場合のmillionは「100万の」という意味の形容詞なので複数形のsを付ける必要はない。thrive「栄える、成長する」。 II. 時事英文 Green Cities (その6：全13回シリーズ) During hot weather, the building's tar roof could reach temperatures of up to seventy-six degrees Celsius. With the garden, the temperature of the roof area was reduced by at least thirty degrees Celsius. Chicago has since created over three hundred thousand square meters of green roofs. Washington, D.C. is also a leading city for green roofs, with over ninety two thousand square meters of green rooftops. The city also launched a program called "Skip the Bag, Save the River." Stores charge people a five cent tax for using plastic or paper shopping bags instead of reusable bags. Money from the tax will be used to clean up a local river. New York City is using water as a renewable energy source. For several years, the city has experimented with using waves in the East River to create energy. Officials operating the program recently asked for permission to put into place thirty river turbine devices. III - a. 雑知識
(車に燃料を)満タンに入れる fill it up ※I stopped at the gas station and asked them to fill it up. 交通渋滞に巻き込まれる be caught in a traffic jam ※On our way from Disneyland, the bus we took was caught in a traffic jam caused by an accident. サービスエリアで止まる stop at a service area ※We stopped at a service area for a restroom break. 料金所を通過する pass through a toll gate ※You will be charged 150 yen when passing through a toll gate on this expressway. III-c. News Glossary universality of human rights 人権の普遍性 President Hu Jintao said that China "recognizes and also respects the universality of human right", a palpable shift for a government that staged a two-year crackdown on internal dissent and imprisoned a Nobel laureate. 胡錦濤(フー・チンタオ)国家主席は、「中国は人権の普遍性を認識し尊重する｣と発言。この2年間、国内の反体制派を弾圧し、ノーベル賞受賞者を投獄した政府としては、際立った変身ぶりである。 IV. Jokes a. I was interviewing a young man for a job at a leading retailer. "Tell me about a time when you have been part of a team working towards a specific goal," I asked. "I was in the cadets and we had to build a raft to cross a river." A sensible example, I thought. "How did you contribute to the team?" "I had to assemble the raft with the matertials supplied." Impressive, I mused. "And what was the outcome?" "It sank." b. Years of smoking finally caught up with my friend John one morning when he keeled over at work, clutching his heart. He was rushed to a hospital and peppered with questions. "Do you smoke?" asked a paramedic. "No," John whispered. "I Quit." "That's good. When did you quit?" "Around 9.30 this morning." c. CSI: Stupidville I From the Argus (Burlington, Washington) police blotter: "A citizen reported that five dogs had charged at him in a menacing manner. A deputy reported questioning the dogs in the neighborhood - they all denied involvement." d. CSI: Stupidville II From the Westfield (Massachusetts) Evening News police lg: "A caller reports that her neighbors are having another argument. The responding officer reports he resident was alone and not intoxicated but was having a disagreement with his Christmas tree, which was giving him trouble as he was taking it down." e. We visited our newly married daughter, who was preparing dinner. I noticed the chicken thawing in the kitchen sink, with the dish drainer inverted over the bird. When I asked why the drainer covered the chicken, our daughter replied, "Mum always did it that way." "Yes," my wife replied, "but you don't have a cat!" |