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資料No. ： NS110309
I-1 TOEIC, TOEFL練習問題
(1) TOEIC １. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 His students _______ that his class was very boring. (A) continued (B) produced (C) complained (D) bothered 2. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 He carried himself with _______. (A) assured (B) assurance (C) assurances (D) assure 3. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 She was still wearing the _______ white dress. (A) flowering (B) flower (C) flowery (D) flowers 4. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The sight was simply _______. (A) with magnificence (B) magnificent (C) magnificently (D) magnificence 5. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Are you sure that he's pronouncing it _______? (A) proper (B) with properness (C) proper way (D) properly 6. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 He was _______ than I thought. (A) impression (B) greatly impressive (C) more impressive (D) greater impression 7. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 When would they have _______ to see it? (A) to been (B) able to be (C) been able (D) able (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 The regiment of mounted soldiers led by Theodore Roosevelt during the Spanish-American war ----- became famous as the "Rough Riders" was officially called the First United States Volunteer Cavalry. (A) where (B) they (C) that (D) them 2. 空所補充問題 One of Rembrandt's most moving paintings is The Return of the Prodigal Son, which he is thought ----- completed in 1665. (A) to have (B) having (C) have (D) had 3. 空所補充問題 The noise associated with airports often disturbs wildlife ----- surrounding areas. (A) locating in (B) in (C) locates in (D) located 4. 空所補充問題 LeRoy Ripley, ----- for his "Believe It or Not" series of comic strips describing oddities and strange occurrences from around the world, published his first panel in 1918. (A) as famous (B) to be famous (C) was famous (D) famous 5. 空所補充問題 The continent of Antarctica has several volcanoes, the most active of which ----- Mount Erebus. (A) be (B) are (C) is (D) to be 6. 正誤問題 (A)Inventing in Berlin in 1822, the accordion is a free-reed instrument (B)with wind (C)supplied by (D)a bellows. 7. 正誤問題 (A)When the powder known (B)as napalm is mixed with gasoline, (C)they produces a jellied form of gasoline with military applications, also (D)referred to as napalm. 8. 正誤問題 Wine grapes (A)must be transported (B)from the vineyard to the winery for processing (C)immediate after (D)they are harvested. 9. 正誤問題 The process (A)by which people and animals maintain an equilibrium (B)between their needs and obstacles (C)to satisfy them (D)is known as adjustment. 10. 正誤問題 Medical researchers (A)have discovered (B)that some symptoms of sickness can (C)relieve by chemically neutral pills the patient believes (D)to contain effective medicine. I-2 TOEIC, TOEFL 練習問題解答 (1) TOEIC １. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 His students _______ that his class was very boring. (A) continued (B) produced (C) complained (D) bothered 訳：生徒たちは彼の授業はとても退屈だと文句を言った。 ※正解(Ｃ)。選択する動詞の目的語となる that 節の「授業がとても退屈だ（boring）」をヒントに、適切な語を選択します。(A) は「続けた」、(B) は 「生み出した」、(D) は 「困らせた」という意味です。(C) のcomplained「不平を言った」が文意に合います。 2. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 He carried himself with _______. (A) assured (B) assurance (C) assurances (D) assure 訳：彼は堂々と振る舞った。 ※正解(B)。「with＋抽象名詞」で副詞の働きをし、with assurance「確信をもって」という意味になります。名詞の複数形の (C) assurances はここでは適切ではありません。過去分詞の (A) assured、動詞 (D) assure は with の後にはきません。 3. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 She was still wearing the _______ white dress. (A) flowering (B) flower (C) flowery (D) flowers 訳：彼女は花柄の白い服をまだ着ていました。 ※正解(Ｃ)。空所には white dress を修飾する形容詞が入りますが。したがって、(B) flower、(D) flowers は不適切です。(A) の flowering も「花の咲く、花を開く」という意味の形容詞でここでは適切ではありません。(C) の flowery「花模様の」が正解になります。 4. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The sight was simply _______. (A) with magnificence (B) magnificent (C) magnificently (D) magnificence 訳：その眺めは実に見事だった。 ※正解(B)。第2文型の文で、空所に主語の補語となる語が入ることになります。前に副詞の simply があるので (A) with magnificence という副詞句や、副詞の (C) magnificently、(D) の名詞 magnificence「壮大さ」は不適切です。形容詞である (B) の magnificent「見事な」 が正解となります。 5. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Are you sure that he's pronouncing it _______? (A) proper (B) with properness (C) proper way (D) properly 訳：本当に彼はそれを正しく発音していると思いますか？ ※正解(D)。that 以下の従属節の動詞 pronounce を修飾する副詞が入ります。(A) proper には副詞の意味もありますが、「完全に、ひどく」という意味で文意が合いません。正解は (D) の副詞の properly「適切に」です。accurately を用いても同様の意味になります。 6. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 He was _______ than I thought. (A) impression (B) greatly impressive (C) more impressive (D) greater impression 訳：思っていたより彼には感銘を受けた。 ※正解(Ｃ)。比較級の基本的用法は<形容詞・副詞の比較級＋than 〜>となります。そうすると、まず最初に (A) や (B) は消去されます。(D) は文型上、He = impression ではないので不適切であることに気づくでしょう。形容詞 impressive に more をつけて比較級を表している (C) が正解となります。 7. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 When would they have _______ to see it? (A) to been (B) able to be (C) been able (D) able 訳：彼らはいつそれを見ることができたのでしょうか？ ※正解(Ｃ)。would と have をヒントに仮定法過去完了であることがわかります。の形で「過去の事柄に関する不確実な推量」を表します。正解は (C) の been able で、「たぶん見られなかっただろう」という含みをもつ反語的な意味になります。 (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 The regiment of mounted soldiers led by Theodore Roosevelt during the Spanish-American war ----- became famous as the "Rough Riders" was officially called the First United States Volunteer Cavalry. (A) where (B) they (C) that (D) them ※正解(Ｃ)。【解説】 空所の後に動詞becameが来ているのでwhereは使えない。they、themでは前後の文が繋がらない。正解は(C) that（接続詞）である。regiment「連隊」、mounted「馬に乗った」、cavalry「騎兵隊」。 2. 空所補充問題 One of Rembrandt's most moving paintings is The Return of the Prodigal Son, which he is thought ----- completed in 1665. (A) to have (B) having (C) have (D) had ※正解(A)。【解説】 be thought... の後にhave、hadが使えないのは明らか。is thought to have... で「……したと思われている」の意味になる。正解は(A)。moving「感動させる」。 3. 空所補充問題 The noise associated with airports often disturbs wildlife ----- surrounding areas. (A) locating in (B) in (C) locates in (D) located ※正解(B)。【解説】 be located in... で「……に位置している」の意味になるが、wildlifeの後に続けるとするとthat is located in... 、あるいは、located in... を使うことになる。しかし、選択肢にこの２つはない。正解は前置詞だけの(B)である。 4. 空所補充問題 LeRoy Ripley, ----- for his "Believe It or Not" series of comic strips describing oddities and strange occurrences from around the world, published his first panel in 1918. (A) as famous (B) to be famous (C) was famous (D) famous ※正解(D)。【解説】 (D) famousが正解。LeRoy Ripley, who is famous for... このwho isが略されているのである。oddities「奇妙な事柄」。 5. 空所補充問題 The continent of Antarctica has several volcanoes, the most active of which ----- Mount Erebus. (A) be (B) are (C) is (D) to be ※正解(Ｃ)。【解説】 be、to beが不可なのはすぐに分かるだろう。空所の後にMount Erebusが来ているので、正解は(B) areではなく(C) isである。Antarctica「南極大陸」、volcanoe「火山」。 6. 正誤問題 (A)Inventing in Berlin in 1822, the accordion is a free-reed instrument (B)with wind (C)supplied by (D)a bellows. ※正解(A)。【解説】 Inventing → Invented。文頭のInventingは(Being) Invented（分詞構文）にしなけらば文が成立しない。前置詞with、(that is) supplied by... の用法に誤りはない。ここではbellows「ふいご」を単数扱いしている。 7. 正誤問題 (A)When the powder known (B)as napalm is mixed with gasoline, (C)they produces a jellied form of gasoline with military applications, also (D)referred to as napalm. ※正解(Ｃ)。【解説】 they → it。theyに注目。その後にくる動詞がproducesとなっている。theyはthe powderのことを指しているのでitにしなくてはいけない。napalm「ナパーム」。 8. 正誤問題 Wine grapes (A)must be transported (B)from the vineyard to the winery for processing (C)immediate after (D)they are harvested. ※正解(Ｃ)。【解説】 immediate → immediately。助動詞must、前置詞fromに問題はない。形容詞immediateを副詞immediatelyにすれば「 ……した後すぐに」の意味になる。theyはwine grapesのことである。harvest「収穫する」。 9. 正誤問題 The process (A)by which people and animals maintain an equilibrium (B)between their needs and obstacles (C)to satisfy them (D)is known as adjustment. ※正解(Ｃ)。【解説】 to satisfy → to satisfying。前置詞＋関係代名詞by which、前置詞between... andの用法に問題はない。obstacles to... 「……の障害」のtoは前置詞である。したがって、satisfyはsatisfying（動名詞）にしなくてはいけない。is known as ... 「……として知られている」。equilibrium「釣り合い、均衡」。 10. 正誤問題 Medical researchers (A)have discovered (B)that some symptoms of sickness can (C)relieve by chemically neutral pills the patient believes (D)to contain effective medicine. ※正解(Ｃ)。【解説】 relieve → be relieved 。現在完了have、接続詞thatに問題は見あたらない。relieve「取り除く、楽にする」はbe relieved byと受け身にしなかれば意味が通らない。不定詞toに誤りはない。 II.時事英文 Green Cities (その5：全13回シリーズ) Austin has launched an Urban Heat Island Mitigation Project to improve the situation. The city is planting more trees. And it is rewarding businesses and individuals who have reflective roofs. This kind of surface absorbs less heat. Chicago has long been interested in green roofs. In two thousand, city officials decided to replace the black tar roof on the city government building with a planted garden. The aim was to reduce energy costs, improve air quality and control the amount of rainwater entering the city's waste system. Green roofs also help reduce urban heat islands. III - a. 雑知識
鳥肌が立つ get goose bumps ※I got goose bumps all over when I watched the horror movie. 爆笑する burst into laughter ※The audience burst into laughter at the stand-up comedian's gag. もらい泣きをする cry in sympathy ※While watching the soccer playeys weeping at the loss of the game, I cried with them in sympathy. 涙をこらえる fight back one's tears ※The movie actress fought back her tears as she announced her divorce at the press conference. III-c. News Glossary Cabinet reshuffle 内閣改造 The deputy secretary-general of Japan's ruling Democratic Party, Yukio Edano, will become new chief Cabinet secretary, public broadcaster NHK said on Jan 13 ahead of a Cabinet reshuffle. 日本の公共放送NHKは1月13日、内閣改造に先立って、新たな官房長官に与党・民主党の枝野幸男幹事長代理が就任すると報じた。 IV. Jokes a. A mobster discovers that his deaf accountant has cheated him out of ten million bucks. He confronts him, bringing along an interpreter. "Ask him where the money is," the mobster says. The interpreter does so, and the accountant signs back, "What are you talking about?" The interpreter tells the godfather, "He says he doesn't know what you're talking about." The mobster puts a pistol to the book-keeper's head. "Ask him again!" The interpreter signs, "He'll kill you if you don't tell him!" "OK,OK!" the book-keeper signs back. "The money is buried behind the shed in my cousin Pauly's backyard!" "What'd he say?" Asks the don. "He says you don't have the guts to pull the trigger." b. A 75-year-old man enters a confessional and says to the priest, "Forgive me, Father, for I have sinned. I'm seeing four 20-year-old girls at the same time." The priest asks, "How long has it been since your last confession?" "I've never been to confession - I'm Jewish." "So why are you telling me?" "Telling you?" the old man says. "I'm telling everybody!" c. An engineer is standing outside the Pearly Gates, "Sorry," St. Peter says, "but you're in the wrong place." He snaps his fingers and the engineer ends up in hell. Dissatisfied with the level of comfort there, the engineer starts making improvements. One day, God phones Satan to ask how things are going. "Great," he answers. "We've got central air and escalators now. There's no telling what that engineer will come up with next." "You've got an engineer?" God says. "There's been a mistake. Send him back up here or I'll sue." "Yeah, right," Satan chuckles. "Where are you going to find a lawyer?" |