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資料No. ： NS110302
I-1 TOEIC, TOEFL練習問題
(1) TOEIC １. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Behind the current economic strength _______ the concern over exchange rates. (A) will lurk (B) lurking (C) has lurked (D) lurks 2. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 We should try very _______ to improve our relationship with our customers. (A) hardly (B) probably (C) hard (D) possible 3. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 There is a 3% _______ if you order more than 100. (A) reduce (B) discount (C) cheaper (D) inexpensive 4. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The key to our future success _______ increased productivity. (A) depends (B) had to be (C) will be (D) is likely 5. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Not only her children but also her mother _______ in the park. (A) was (B) have been (C) being (D) were 6. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Are you sure we ought _______ this on the air later tonight? (A) to show (B) to be shown (C) have shown (D) show 7. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 He asked me to check all _______ major hotels while I was there. (A) a (B) an (C) the (D) some (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 The style of music ----- hymns in the German Protestant church tradition is known as chorale. (A) accompanies (B) accompany (C) accompanied (D) accompanying 2. 空所補充問題 The flavors of tea ----- by the infusion of aromatic chemicals of the leaf into warm water. (A) they produce (B) that are producing (C) are produced (D) producing 3. 空所補充問題 The abolitionists differed from people who held more moderate anti-slavery views in that they insisted ----- an immediate end to the practice of slavery. (A) on (B) in (C) to (D) for 4. 空所補充問題 Marilyn Monroe was the stage name of an actress whose real name ----- Norma Jean Mortenson. (A) is (B) has (C) were (D) was 5. 空所補充問題 The letters assigned to vitamins, ----- as "A", "B" and "C", are an artifact of the historical sequence of their discovery rather than an indication of their chemical composition. (A) that (B) those (C) such (D) like 6. 正誤問題 (A)Thanks to modern surgical techniques, it is (B)very often possible to reattach severed limbs (C)which the patient (D)receives proper emergency medical care. 7. 正誤問題 (A)Less than two hours after President John F. Kennedy was (B)assassinated, Lyndon B. Johnson took the presidential oath of (C)office in a (D)sadly, solemn ceremony. 8. 正誤問題 The science of artificial intelligence (A)involves the study of computer systems (B)that (C)perform tasks that seem to (D)acquire consciousness. 9. 正誤問題 The work of Raphael, (A)one of the greatest and most influential painters of the Italian Renaissance, (B)he influenced artists (C)up to the early (D)1900's. 10. 正誤問題 Canberra, (A)a capital of Australia, is (B)that country's (C)leading example of (D)large-scale city planning. I-2 TOEIC, TOEFL 練習問題解答 (1) TOEIC １. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Behind the current economic strength _______ the concern over exchange rates. (A) will lurk (B) lurking (C) has lurked (D) lurks 訳：現在の経済の強さの裏には為替レートに関する不安が潜んでいる。 ※正解(D)。"The concern over exchange rates ( ) behind the current economic strength."の倒置と考えればよい。 ( ) の中には動詞が入ることが容易に分かるはず。will lurk は時制が問題。has lurked も意味上不自然。 2. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 We should try very _______ to improve our relationship with our customers. (A) hardly (B) probably (C) hard (D) possible 訳：私たちは顧客との関係を向上させるために一所懸命に努めねばなりません。 ※正解(Ｃ)。probably「おそらく」は意味上、possible「可能な」は意味と構文上不可。hardly は否定の副詞で、「まず…ではない」の意味。 3. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 There is a 3% _______ if you order more than 100. (A) reduce (B) discount (C) cheaper (D) inexpensive 訳：100 個以上ご注文の場合には 3% の割引があります。 ※正解(B)。a があるところから「値引き、割引」の意味の名詞が入ることが分かるはずです。reduce は「削減する、低下させる」の意味の動詞。cheaper は形容詞 cheap（「安い」の意味で、inexpensive と同義）の比較級。 4. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The key to our future success _______ increased productivity. (A) depends (B) had to be (C) will be (D) is likely 訳：当社の将来的な成功の鍵は生産性の向上です。 ※正解(Ｃ)。depends「…に拠る」を使う時は、Our future success depends on increased productivity. likely は「たぶん」の意味では、通常 very または most を伴います。「…しそうだ」の意味では、be likely to ... または be likely that ...です。 5. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Not only her children but also her mother _______ in the park. (A) was (B) have been (C) being (D) were 訳：彼女の子供たちだけでなく、彼女の母親もその公園にいた。 ※正解(A)。not only 〜 but also ... 「〜だけでなく…もまた」が主語の位置にある場合、動詞は ... に一致させます。したがって、ここでは her mother に呼応する、(A) の was が正解です。 6. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Are you sure we ought _______ this on the air later tonight? (A) to show (B) to be shown (C) have shown (D) show 訳：これを今晩遅くに放送するべきだと本当に思いますか？ ※正解(A)。ought は後ろにがくるので (C)、(D) は不適切です。(B) は受動態で、「〜されるべきだ」という意味。 7. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 He asked me to check all _______ major hotels while I was there. (A) a (B) an (C) the (D) some 訳：そこにいる間に、すべての一流ホテルを調べるように彼に頼まれた。 ※正解(Ｃ)。all theで、その名詞の指すものすべてを表します。したがって、正解は (C) です。all は the の前にくるという語順に注意してください。 (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 The style of music ----- hymns in the German Protestant church tradition is known as chorale. (A) accompanies (B) accompany (C) accompanied (D) accompanying ※正解(D)。【解説】 この文の動詞はis known ... である。(A) (B) (C)を空所に入れると動詞がダブることになる。正解はthat/which accompaniesの意味を表す(D) accompanying（分詞）である。 2. 空所補充問題 The flavors of tea ----- by the infusion of aromatic chemicals of the leaf into warm water. (A) they produce (B) that are producing (C) are produced (D) producing ※正解(Ｃ)。【解説】 空所以下には動詞がないことから、(A) (B) (D)は正解とはならない。正解は受身形の(C)である。infusion「煎じ出し」。 3. 空所補充問題 The abolitionists differed from people who held more moderate anti-slavery views in that they insisted ----- an immediate end to the practice of slavery. (A) on (B) in (C) to (D) for ※正解(A)。【解説】 insist「主張する」の後に来る前置詞はonである。abolitionists「奴隷制度廃止論者」。 4. 空所補充問題 Marilyn Monroe was the stage name of an actress whose real name ----- Norma Jean Mortenson. (A) is (B) has (C) were (D) was ※正解(D)。【解説】 過去の事柄に関する文なのでis、hasは使えない。正解は過去・単数形の(D)。 5. 空所補充問題 The letters assigned to vitamins, ----- as "A", "B" and "C", are an artifact of the historical sequence of their discovery rather than an indication of their chemical composition. (A) that (B) those (C) such (D) like ※正解(Ｃ)。【解説】 as以下でビタミンに割り当てられた文字の具体例が挙げられているので、suchを空所に入れればsuch as... 「……のような」の意味になり文が繋がる。artifact「人工的なもの」。 6. 正誤問題 (A)Thanks to modern surgical techniques, it is (B)very often possible to reattach severed limbs (C)which the patient (D)receives proper emergency medical care. ※正解(Ｃ)。【解説】 which → when。Thanks to... は「……のお陰で」、very oftenは「頻繁に」の意味。関係代名詞whichでは前後の文が繋がらない。whichの代わりにwhenを使えばいい。receivesに問題はない。 7. 正誤問題 (A)Less than two hours after President John F. Kennedy was (B)assassinated, Lyndon B. Johnson took the presidential oath of (C)office in a (D)sadly, solemn ceremony. ※正解(D)。【解説】 sadly → sad。Less than「……しないうちに」、be assassinated「暗殺される」の用法に問題はない。officeの前に冠詞は必要ない。sadlyの後にカンマがあることからもわかるように、ここでは形容詞sadを用いる。solemn「厳粛な」。 8. 正誤問題 The science of artificial intelligence (A)involves the study of computer systems (B)that (C)perform tasks that seem to (D)acquire consciousness. ※正解(D)。【解説】 acquire → require。involves「……を含む、伴う」、関係代名詞that、perform「行う」に誤りはない。acquire「獲得する」ではなくrequire「必要とする」を用いなければ意味が通らない。 9. 正誤問題 The work of Raphael, (A)one of the greatest and most influential painters of the Italian Renaissance, (B)he influenced artists (C)up to the early (D)1900's. ※正解(B)。【解説】 he → カット。one of the greatestに問題はない。he influencedのheは余分である。up to the early 1900'sで「1900年代初期まで」の意味になる。 10. 正誤問題 Canberra, (A)a capital of Australia, is (B)that country's (C)leading example of (D)large-scale city planning. ※正解(A)。【解説】 a capital → the capital。Canberraはオーストラリアの首都（ひとつだけ）である。冠詞はaではなくtheを用いる。代名詞that、leading「すぐれた、主要な」、large-scale「大規模な」に誤りはない。 II.時事英文 Green Cities (その4：全13回シリーズ) Boston, Massachusetts was second on the big city list. It is the largest city buyer of wind power in New England. It is also using its own wind resources to produce electricity. There are twenty small wind turbines at Logan International Airport. And there are other wind projects around the city. Austin, Texas leads the large city list, while Chicago, Illinois is third. Both cities have made big efforts to reduce a problem called urban heat islands. An urban heat island is a city area that is warmer than its surrounding rural area. This is caused by several things, such as dark colored roofs which absorb heat from the sun during the daytime, and release that heat at night. Air conditioners cooling the inside of buildings add to the increased temperatures by generating hot air outdoors. III - a. 雑知識
昼食に出る go out for lunch ※Let's go out for lunch. I will treat you today. 1時間後に戻る be back in an hour ※He is not at his desk at the moment. He'll be back in an hour. (会議が)長引く be long drawn out ※The meeting, which started at 1 p.m., was long drawn out and continued into the evening. 退社する leave the office ※Keiko usually leaves the office early on Friday to go to yoga. III-c. News Glossary stealth fighter ステルス戦闘機 China has completed a prototype of a next-generation stealth fighter to be deployed as early as 2017, according to sources. 情報筋によると、中国は、次世代ステルス戦闘機の試作機開発を終え、2017年にも実機配備する予定だという。 IV. Jokes a. My friend has been pounding the pavement in search of a job without much luck. Frustrated, she asked her dad to look at her resume. He didn't get much further than the first line of her cover letter before spotting the potential problem. "Is it too generic?" she asked. "I doubt it," said her father. "Especially since it's addressed to 'Dear Sir or Madman.' " b. A woman walked into my father's carpet store. She'd just moved out of her parents' home and needed something for her new living room floor. "Do you know how big the room is?" Dad asked. "Yes," she said. "It's 22 flip-flops long by 18 flip-flops wide. And I wear a size 8." c. Anyone travelling on business for our company must fill out an expense report. A field on the form asks for "name on credit card." One Einstein entered "MasterCard." d. When a rich business-man began to choke on a fish bone at a restaurant, a doctor seated at a nearby table sprang up, performed the Heimlich maneuver, and saved his life. "Thank you, thank you!" said the business-man. "Please, I insist on paying you. Just name the fee." "OK." Said the doctor. "How about half of what you'd have offered when the bone was still stuck in your throat?" e. According to a news story, if global warming continues, in 20 years, the only chance we'll have to see a polar bear is in a zoo. So in other words, nothing is going to change. f. You know how when people say they've been abducted by aliens? They describe them as having a big head, black eyes. I wonder if they've really been abducted by pandas and are just too embarrassed to say. |