|
資料No. ： NS100908
I-1 TOEIC, TOEFL練習問題 (1) TOEIC １. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Those kids have got to understand that their homework is an _______. (A) obligate (B) obligation (C) obligator (D) oblige 2. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The new lighting system in the studio _______ very beautiful. (A) are (B) is (C) is being (D) were 3. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 These are the types of problems that _______ eliminated before production begins. (A) need (B) need to be (C) needs to be (D) necessary to be 4. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 When I returned home I discovered that I _______ my wallet at the party. (A) leave (B) did leave (C) left (D) had left 5. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Do you think Steve _______ be hired for the new vice-president's position? (A) would (B) will (C) must (D) shall 6. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 When I lived in Italy last July, I _______ a beach-side villa for the whole time. (A) rent (B) rented (C) had been renting (D) had rented 7. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 If we don't sell all our stock now, we _______ lose everything. (A) are (B) did (C) will (D) would (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 Pollen is ----- rich in information about the plant species which produced it that fossilized pollen is a valuable source of archeological information. (A) such (B) so (C) too (D) very 2. 空所補充問題 Technology ----- to perform heart surgery without making large incisions in the chest is already available. (A) enables doctors (B) that doctors enabling (C) that enables doctors (D) the doctors are enabled 3. 空所補充問題 In many Civil War battles, ----- occurred in the days after the battle, as the wounded lay helpless on the battlefield in the heat and rain. (A) most of the deaths (B) much deaths (C) the most of death (D) much of its death 4. 空所補充問題 Drowsiness has a strong influence on the time ----- a driver to react to a sudden emergency. (A) taking (B) taken to (C) to take (D) it takes 5. 空所補充問題 The latest personal computers ----- enough processing power to carry out tasks formerly associated only with so-called 'supercomputers.' (A) with (B) have (C) having (D) can 6. 正誤問題 Local variations (A)among Melanesian cultures are (B)generally greater (C)than (D)that in Polynesian cultures. 7. 正誤問題 Bed rest and good nutrition (A)was used to be (B)the only treatment for infections (C)that can now be cured (D)with antibiotics. 8. 正誤問題 The (A)initially purpose (B)of the Internet was (C)to facilitate the progress of (D)U.S. military research. 9. 正誤問題 (A)Among the lesser-known theoretical achievements of Albert Einstein (B)are the mathematical explanation of (C)why rivers shift course (D)the way they do. 10. 正誤問題 (A)Historically, the independent minting of coinage by (B)an overseas colony (B)has often been seen by the ruling power as (D)acts of defiance. I-2 TOEIC, TOEFL 練習問題解答 (1) TOEIC １. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Those kids have got to understand that their homework is an _______. (A) obligate (B) obligation (C) obligator (D) oblige 訳：あの子たちは宿題が義務であることを判らなければいけない。 ※正解(B)。「義務」という意味の名詞になるように語尾を考える。 2. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The new lighting system in the studio _______ very beautiful. (A) are (B) is (C) is being (D) were 訳：スタジオの新しい照明システムは大変に美しい。 ※正解(B)。主語の単複を考える。system が本主語で、単数形。それ以上は何も難しく考える必要はない。 3. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 These are the types of problems that _______ eliminated before production begins. (A) need (B) need to be (C) needs to be (D) necessary to be 訳：これらが生産を開始する前に取り除かれなければならない問題の種類です。 ※正解(B)。関係代名詞 that の示すものは types で複数形であるから、(C)needs は続かない。eliminated「取り除かれる」と受け身のニュアンスであるので、前に be 動詞があると推測できる。 4. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 When I returned home I discovered that I _______ my wallet at the party. (A) leave (B) did leave (C) left (D) had left 訳：家に帰った時、財布をパーティーに忘れてきたことが判りました。 ※正解(D)。全体が過去形で統一されているので、(A)は不可。(C)はleaveの過去および過去分詞。 5. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Do you think Steve _______ be hired for the new vice-president's position? (A) would (B) will (C) must (D) shall 訳：スティーブが新副社長の地位に雇われると思いますか。 ※正解(B)。意味上適切なものはひとつ。would は時制が問題。 6. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 When I lived in Italy last July, I _______ a beach-side villa for the whole time. (A) rent (B) rented (C) had been renting (D) had rented 訳：去年の 7 月にイタリアで過ごした時は、浜辺の別荘をずっと借りていました。 ※正解(B)。難しく考えないように。普通に時制を一致させる。明確に定まった過去を表す when 節とともに現在完了は用いない。 7. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 If we don't sell all our stock now, we _______ lose everything. (A) are (B) did (C) will (D) would 訳：すぐに在庫を全部売らなければ、私たちはすべてを失うでしょう。 ※正解(Ｃ)。lose が原形動詞なので(A)は不可。意味上(B)も無理がある。If に続く節が don't なので、(D)would にする必要はない。 (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 Pollen is ----- rich in information about the plant species which produced it that fossilized pollen is a valuable source of archeological information. (A) such (B) so (C) too (D) very ※正解(Ｂ)。【解説】 文章の中程に接続詞のthatが出てくる。空所にsoを入れれば、so... that構文になる。pollen「花粉」。 2. 空所補充問題 Technology ----- to perform heart surgery without making large incisions in the chest is already available. (A) enables doctors (B) that doctors enabling (C) that enables doctors (D) the doctors are enabled ※正解(Ｃ)。【解説】 この文の主語に当たるのがTechnologyからchestまで、動詞がisである。関係代名詞を使ってTechnologyの説明をしているthat enables doctorsを空所に入れれば文が成立する。incision「切開」。 3. 空所補充問題 In many Civil War battles, ----- occurred in the days after the battle, as the wounded lay helpless on the battlefield in the heat and rain. (A) most of the deaths (B) much deaths (C) the most of death (D) much of its death ※正解(Ａ)。【解説】 この場合のdeathが可算名詞なので、muchを使った選択肢は除外できる。mostの前にtheは必要はない。したがって、正解は(A) most of the deathsになる。 4. 空所補充問題 Drowsiness has a strong influence on the time ----- a driver to react to a sudden emergency. (A) taking (B) taken to (C) to take (D) it takes ※正解(Ｄ)。【解説】 空所にit takesを入れればthe time it takes a driver to react to a sudden emergencyで「ドライバーが緊急事に反応するのに掛かる時間」という意味になる。 5. 空所補充問題 The latest personal computers ----- enough processing power to carry out tasks formerly associated only with so-called 'supercomputers.' (A) with (B) have (C) having (D) can ※正解(Ｂ)。【解説】 基本的な問題である。空所にはこの文の動詞が入るのでhaveが正解となる。 6. 正誤問題 Local variations (A)among Melanesian cultures are (B)generally greater (C)than (D)that in Polynesian cultures. ※正解(D)。【解説】 that → those。thatが何を指しているかに注目。thatとはlocal variationsのことなので、ここでは複数形のthoseを使わなくてはいけない。 7. 正誤問題 Bed rest and good nutrition (A)was used to be (B)the only treatment for infections (C)that can now be cured (D)with antibiotics. ※正解(A)。【解説】 was used → used to。意味を考えるとwas used to... と受け身にするのはおかしい。used to... 「かつては ... だった」にすれば意味が通る。the、関係代名詞のthat、withの用法に誤りはない。 8. 正誤問題 The (A)initially purpose (B)of the Internet was (C)to facilitate the progress of (D)U.S. military research. ※正解(A)。【解説】 initially → initial。purpose「目的」は名詞である。名詞の前には副詞ではなく形容詞initialを用いる。to... は名詞の働きをする不定詞である。 9. 正誤問題 (A)Among the lesser-known theoretical achievements of Albert Einstein (B)are the mathematical explanation of (C)why rivers shift course (D)the way they do. ※正解(B)。【解説】 are → is。the mathematical explanationからthey doがこの文の主語に当たる。したがって、be動詞はareではなくisになる。本来の語順は次の通り。The mathematical explanation of why rivers shift course the way they do is among the lesser-known theoretical achievements of Albert Einstein. 10. 正誤問題 (A)Historically, the independent minting of coinage by (B)an overseas colony (B)has often been seen by the ruling power as (D)acts of defiance. ※正解(D)。【解説】 acts → an act。文頭の副詞Historically、overseasの前の冠詞anに問題はない。hasはthe independent mintingに呼応している。actsは複数形にする必要はない。ここは単数an actでいい。 II.時事英文 Words and Their Stories: Belittle (その2全4回シリーズ) This troubled Thomas Jefferson. He too was a naturalist, as well as a farmer, inventor, historian, writer and politician. He had seen the natural wonders of Europe. To him, they were no more important than those of the New World. In seventeen eighty-eight, Thomas Jefferson wrote about his home state, Virginia. While writing, he thought of its natural beauty and then of the words of Count de Buffon. At that moment, Jefferson created a new word - belittle. He said, "The Count de Buffon believes that nature belittles her productions on this side of the Atlantic." III - a. 雑知識
III -b. 英語でどう言う？ こってりしたものを控える go easy on rich food ※My doctor told me to go easy on rich foods. 暴飲暴食する eat and drink too much ※My stomach is upset today because I ate and drank too much at the party last night. 好き嫌いが激しい have strong likes and dislikes ※I don't like eating out with Maki. She has strong likes and dislikes about food. 食が進まない have a poor appetite ※When it's hot like this, I have a poor appetite despite the delicious dinner in front of me. III-c News Glossary illegal gambling on professional baseball games 野球賭博 The Japan Sumo Association in a directors meeting on July 4 named Hiroyoshi Murayama as acting chairman in place of Musashigawa, who will be suspended from the Nagoya Grand Sumo Tournament over his underlings' illegal gambling on professional baseball games. 日本相撲協会は7月4日の理事会で、弟子が野球賭博に関与した責任をとって名古屋場所を謹慎する武蔵川理事長に代わり、村山弘義氏を理事長代行に指名した。 IV. Jokes .a Our three-year-old granddaughter, Taylor, experiences less discipline when visiting us than she does when at home. The evening after a recent sleepover at our place, our daughter was putting her to bed. But instead of settling down after her regular three bedtime stories, Taylor started pleading: "Please, please, please, just one more." "No," her mother told her. "You know the rules: three stories then it's time to sleep. And begging doesn't work with Mummy; it only works with Grandpa." "No, Mummy," Taylor said. "It works with Grandma, too." b. "The only really good place to buy lumber is at a store where the lumber has already been cut and attached in the form of furniture, finished, and put inside boxes." c. I got married on Valentine's Day so my husband would remember our anniversary. Now I have to remind him when Valentine's Day is. d. As I pulled into a crowded parking lot, I asked the cop standing there, "Is it all right to park here?" "No," he said. "Can't you see the 'No Parking' sign?" "What about all those other cars in there?" He shrugged. "They didn't ask." e. My husband went to the florist to pick up flowers and was greeted by a sign that read "Back in 30 minutes." Later that day he returned and politely chastised the shopkeeper for not writing the time on the sign so he'd know when she'd left and would return. "You're right, that is confusing," she admitted. "I should have posted my usual note: 'Be Right Back.' " f. After listening to her complain about her boyfriend, I tried steering my friend towards the positive side of their relationship. But she was having none of it. "I was just trying to offer some perspective," I said. "I have perspective," she snapped. "That's what I was just sharing with you." g. After a number of attempts to get the customer service agent on the phone to understand his name, my friend Appappa decided to spell it out. "A for apple," he began, "P for pineapple, A for apple, P for pineapple, P for -" The frustrated agent interrupted. "I have a better idea," she said. "Just tell me how many apples and how many pineapples." |