|
資料No. ： NS100825
I-1 TOEIC, TOEFL練習問題 (1) TOEIC １. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 We recommend that _______ a higher grade of steel. (A) you use (B) you are using (C) you to use (D) you used 2. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 You _______ to try that new Thai restaurant across from the bank. (A) should (B) always (C) ought (D) could 3. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Reducing manufacturing expenses is our number one _______. (A) priority (B) prediction (C) probability (D) promotion 4. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 We take great pride _______ the opening of our Singapore office. (A) to expand (B) to announce (C) in concluding (D) in announcing 5. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The new president _______ increase R&D spending. (A) provides for (B) intends to (C) rejects the (D) supports an 6. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 _______ you have made the copies, please take them down to accounting. (A) While (B) After (C) During (D) Before 7. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 In this _______ case, the difficulty seems to lie with the shippers. (A) exactly (B) probably (C) also (D) particular (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 Much of the ice or liquid water released from a storm cloud evaporates before ----- the ground. (A) reaches (B) reaching (C) to reach (D) reach 2. 空所補充問題 Biologists still do not know how spiders ----- produce silk that is so strong and flexible. (A) be able to (B) able to (C) to be able to (D) are able to 3. 空所補充問題 The streets of the ancient city of Alexandria were laid out ----- to take advantage of the cool Mediterranean breezes. (A) such as (B) so as (C) inasmuch as (D) as 4. 空所補充問題 Every member of the committee ----- the chairman was in favor of installing parking meters in the campus parking lot. (A) without (B) that (C) not (D) but 5. 空所補充問題 Ball bearings are crucial to the functioning of many of the mechanical devices we rely ----- every day. (A) for (B) of (C) on (D) to 6. 正誤問題 Useful machines (A)enough small to be injected (B)into the bloodstream will (C)be available in (D)the near future. 7. 正誤問題 Energy (A)that cannot be destroyed, but (B)can be changed into a different form (C)or transferred (D)to a different location. 8. 正誤問題 The second-coldest liquid on (A)earth is liquid hydrogen, (B)which can be (C)stable contained at -253 (D)degrees Centigrade. 9. 正誤問題 The core of the sun, (A)where nuclear reactions take place (B)under intense pressure, is (C)very hotter than (D)its surface. 10. 正誤問題 Prince Edward Island, (A)it is located in (B)the gulf of the St. Lawrence River, (C)is (D)Canada's smallest province. I-2 TOEIC, TOEFL 練習問題解答 (1) TOEIC １. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 We recommend that _______ a higher grade of steel. (A) you use (B) you are using (C) you to use (D) you used 訳：もっと質の高い鋼鉄を使用することをお勧めします。 ※正解(A)。recommend「勧める、薦める」のように人に何かを勧める意味の動詞や、他人に何かを要求する意味の動詞が目的語に that 節をとる場合、that 以下が主語＋動詞の原形をとります。このような動詞の代表的なものには demand, urge, request などがあります。 2. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 You _______ to try that new Thai restaurant across from the bank. (A) should (B) always (C) ought (D) could 訳：銀行の向かい側の新しいタイ料理レストランに行ってみるべきです。 ※正解(Ｃ)。文中、空所の後ろの to が最大のポイントです。should や could といった助動詞は後ろが動詞の原形のはずです。 副詞 always の場合も to は不要です。ought to ... でひとつの助動詞扱いで、「…すべきである」の意味。 3. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Reducing manufacturing expenses is our number one _______. (A) priority (B) prediction (C) probability (D) promotion 訳：製造コストの削減が我々の第一の優先課題です。 ※正解(A)。ボキャブラリーの問題。priority「優先、優先課題」。prediction「予測」。probability「可能性」。promotion「促進、昇格」。 4. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 We take great pride _______ the opening of our Singapore office. (A) to expand (B) to announce (C) in concluding (D) in announcing 訳：当社シンガポール支店の開店を発表することは大変な誇りです。 ※正解(D)。expand the opening of ...「開店を拡大する」では意味の上で不可。「発表する」の意味の announce が適切ですが、「誇りに思う」の take pride は通常 take pride in ... の形で用います。 5. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The new president _______ increase R&D spending. (A) provides for (B) intends to (C) rejects the (D) supports an 訳：新しい社長は研究開発予算の増加を意図しています。 ※正解(B)。increase が「増加」の意味の名詞なのか、「増加させる」の意味の動詞なのかが問題。名詞であれば increase in R&D spending となるはず。前置詞 for や冠詞 the、an は名詞の前に置かれているはずです。 6. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 _______ you have made the copies, please take them down to accounting. (A) While (B) After (C) During (D) Before 訳：コピーを取り終わったら、会計に持っていってください。 ※正解(B)。While や During は「…の間」の意味ですから、意味上不適切です。After か Before かの選択では、時間の前後関係を考えてみれば、難しい問題ではないはずです。 7. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 In this _______ case, the difficulty seems to lie with the shippers. (A) exactly (B) probably (C) also (D) particular 訳：この特殊なケースでは、問題は輸出者側にあるように思えます。 ※正解(D)。lie with ... は「…に在る」。意味の上よりも、むしろ文法的に考えたほうが分かり易いでしょう。case という名詞を修飾するのは形容詞でなければなりません。 (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 Much of the ice or liquid water released from a storm cloud evaporates before ----- the ground. (A) reaches (B) reaching (C) to reach (D) reach ※正解(B)。【解説】 前置詞の後に動詞を続けることはできないので、ここはreaching（動名詞）にする。evaporate「蒸発する」。 2. 空所補充問題 Biologists still do not know how spiders ----- produce silk that is so strong and flexible. (A) be able to (B) able to (C) to be able to (D) are able to ※正解(D)。【解説】 あまり難しく考えることはない。how文の主語spidersの後にare able toを使えば、動詞produceと繋がるようになる。 3. 空所補充問題 The streets of the ancient city of Alexandria were laid out ----- to take advantage of the cool Mediterranean breezes. (A) such as (B) so as (C) inasmuch as (D) as ※正解(B)。【解説】 前後の流れから判断してto以下は目的を表すはずである。so as to... にすれば「……するために」という意味になる。 4. 空所補充問題 Every member of the committee ----- the chairman was in favor of installing parking meters in the campus parking lot. (A) without (B) that (C) not (D) but ※正解(D)。【解説】 前置詞butには「……を除いて」の意味がある。これを空所に入れれば意味が通るようになる。 5. 空所補充問題 Ball bearings are crucial to the functioning of many of the mechanical devices we rely ----- every day. (A) for (B) of (C) on (D) to ※正解(Ｃ)。【解説】 基本的な問題である。「……に頼る」の意味を表すには動詞relyの後に前置詞onを付ければいい。 6. 正誤問題 Useful machines (A)enough small to be injected (B)into the bloodstream will (C)be available in (D)the near future. ※正解(A)。【解説】 enough small → small enough。enough smallの語順がおかしい。small enough to... で「……するのに十分小さい」の意味になる。 7. 正誤問題 Energy (A)that cannot be destroyed, but (B)can be changed into a different form (C)or transferred (D)to a different location. ※正解(A)。【解説】 that cannot → cannot。that cannotの接続詞のthatはどう見ても余分である。can be、or、toの用法に問題はない。 8. 正誤問題 The second-coldest liquid on (A)earth is liquid hydrogen, (B)which can be (C)stable contained at -253 (D)degrees Centigrade. ※正解(Ｃ)。解説】 stable → stably。on earth、関係代名詞whichに誤りはない。stableは過去分詞containedにかかっているので、stablyと副詞形にしなければならない。複数形degreesに問題はない。 9. 正誤問題 The core of the sun, (A)where nuclear reactions take place (B)under intense pressure, is (C)very hotter than (D)its surface. ※正解(Ｃ)。【解説】 very hotter → much hotter。比較級hotterを強調するには、veryではなくmuchを用いなくてはならない。 10. 正誤問題 Prince Edward Island, (A)it is located in (B)the gulf of the St. Lawrence River, (C)is (D)Canada's smallest province. ※正解(A)。【解説】 it is located → located / which is located。it is locatedのままではこの文に２つ主語があることになる。it is locatedをlocated、あるいは、which is locatedにすれば問題が解決する。 II.時事英文 A Change in Generals, but Not Afghan Policy(その8：全8回シリーズ) If all goes as planned, withdrawals could begin by next July. But insurgent attacks have increased and progress has been slower than expected in the south. Thirty thousand more American troops are joining the war. But public support is down and concerns in Congress are up. June is the deadliest month yet for international forces in Afghanistan. And problems continue with the development of the Afghan security forces and with corruption among Afghan officials. III - a. 雑知識
III -b. 英語でどう言う？ ピアノに合わせて歌う sing to the piano ※All the children in the classroom sang to the piano. 輪になって踊る dance in a circle ※In the playground, boys and girls were dancing in a circle to a lovely waltz. 鬼ごっこをする play tag ※"Let's play tag!" / "All right. Who's going to be it?" 折り紙でつるを折る fold a piece of paper into the shape of a crane ※My little sister is pretty good at folding a piece of paper into the shape of a crane. III-c News Glossary consumption tax rate hike 消費税率引き上げ Although a possible consumption tax rate hike has dominated the campaign trial, only 19 percent of voters think it is the most important issue for the Upper House election, an Asahi Shimbun survey showed. 消費税率引き上げの可能性が選挙戦の話題を独占しているが、朝日新聞の世論調査によると、消費税増税を参院選の最大の争点だと思う人は19%に過ぎない。 IV. Jokes a. Visiting a college campus, the prospective student spots a building called Hemingway Hall. "That's nice," he says, "a building named for Ernest Hemingway." "Actually," says the tour guide," "it's named for Joshua Hemingway." "Was he a writer?" the student asks. "Yes. He wrote a big check." b. In a hotel bar, a middle-aged man sees a beautiful woman sitting drinking alone. He sidles casually over to her and says, "Where have you been all my life?" "Well," she says, "for the first half of it, I wasn't even born." c. Boss: "Why is it I always catch you goofing off whenever I pass by your cubicle?" Worker: "That's easy. You wear sneakers." d. A lawyer drives through a stop sign and gets pulled over by a policeman. He thinks that he's cleverer than the officer and decides to talk his way out of a fine. "Show me your license and registration," says the policeman. "What for?" says the lawyer. "you didn't stop at the stop sign." "I slowed down and no-one was coming." "You still didn't a complete stop." "What's the difference?" "The difference is you have to come to a complete stop, that's the law." "If you can show me the legal difference between slow down and stop," says the lawyer, "I'll give you my license and registration and you give me the ticket. If not, you let me go." "Get out of the vehicle, please, sir," says the policeman. The solicitor gets out and the policeman starts beating the hell out of him with his truncheon. "Do you want me to stop?" asks the cop, "or just slow down?" e. So I got a job as the Queen's hairdresser. I parked outside Buckingham Palace and a policeman said to me, "Have you got a permit?" I said, "No, I've just got to take a bit off the back." f. Mike, the golf coach, has finally put a finger on his hopeless student's main failing. "The problem is you're standing too close to the ball. After you've hit it." g. I was given these pajamas with pockets in them the other week - which is great because, before that, I used to have to hold stuff when I slept. |