|
資料No. ： NS100512
I-1 TOEIC, TOEFL練習問題 (1) TOEIC 1. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 In the commotion, the diamond ring _______. (A) lost (B) is lost (C) was lost (D) won't be lost 2. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 When you go out for coffee, please _______ a newspaper too. (A) pick (B) pick up (C) read (D) buy up 3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 This sauna's _______ hot; I can hardly stand it. (A) to (B) too (C) this (D) not 4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 If I were going to college, _______ live on campus. (A) I'd (B) I'll (C) I had (D) I did 5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 When do you think _______ boys will be done with the game? (A) them (B) that (C) those (D) they're 6. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Since I didn't speak Russian, I could barely make myself _______. (A) communicative (B) understanding (C) communication (D) understood 7. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 We recommend that _______ a higher grade of steel. (A) you use (B) you are using (C) you to use (D) you used (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 Originally considered to be primarily a subfield of medicine, veterinary science ----- into a broader, interdisciplinary field. (A) has more recently developed (B) to more recently develop (C) more recently development (D) of more recently developing 2. 空所補充問題 The random nature of genetic mutations provides a functionally neutral series of changes which are sorted out ----- the non-random process of natural selection. (A) in accordance (B) according (C) according to (D) of accord 3. 空所補充問題 The United Nations was formed in hopes that it would help prevent further ----- by providing a universal forum for the resolution of international disputes. (A) world warring (B) the world war (C) a world war (D) world wars 4. 空所補充問題 Atmospheric precipitation can take many forms, the most common being -----, snow, sleet and hail. (A) raining (B) to rain (C) rain (D) rained 5. 空所補充問題 Many trees have developed the capacity to store water in their leaves when the air is moist and ----- it during drier periods to increase the humidity of the surrounding soil and air. (A) releasing (B) released (C) release (D) would release 6. 正誤問題 Ornamental diamonds are sorted and graded (A)for value according to several basic (B)criteria: weight, cut, (C)clarity, and the (D)present or absence of blemishes. 7. 正誤問題 (A)As a general rule, the information processing capacity of computers of a (B)given size (C)it doubles every year (D)or so. 8. 正誤問題 Some scientists believe that the subjective perception of a (A)child's "cuteness" is a psychological response that evolved to help (B)support the (C)relative long child rearing period (D)among primates. 9. 正誤問題 Some (A)theorists believe (B)that monotheistic (C)religions developed out of polytheistic (D)believing. 10. 正誤問題 It took billions of years (A)for life to emerge on (B)earth, but the process of evolution (C)produced that intelligent life was, relatively speaking, (D)virtually instantaneous. I-2 TOEIC, TOEFL練習問題解答 (1) TOEIC 1. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 In the commotion, the diamond ring _______. (A) lost (B) is lost (C) was lost (D) won't be lost 訳：暴動の最中にダイヤの指輪がなくなりました。 ※正解（C）。「失われた」と受け身のニュアンスで考えることが必要。 2. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 When you go out for coffee, please _______ a newspaper too. (A) pick (B) pick up (C) read (D) buy up 訳：コーヒーを買いに行くとき、新聞も買って（取って）きてください。 ※正解（B）。pick up には「拾い上げる」という意味がある。obtain や get と同じ意味で使う。 3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 This sauna's _______ hot; I can hardly stand it. (A) to (B) too (C) this (D) not 訳：このサウナは暑すぎる。我慢できません。 ※正解（B）。(A)の"to"では意味をなさない。「我慢できない」のだから、「暑すぎる」という意味にしたい。 4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 If I were going to college, _______ live on campus. (A) I'd (B) I'll (C) I had (D) I did 訳：もし大学に行くとすれば、キャンパス内に住みます。 ※正解（A）。仮定法過去の文型。助動詞の過去形が必要。 5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 When do you think _______ boys will be done with the game? (A) them (B) that (C) those (D) they're 訳：あの男の子たちはいつゲームを終えると思いますか ※正解（C）。(A)them は文法的につながらない。boys が複数形であるから、(B)that も不可。 6. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Since I didn't speak Russian, I could barely make myself _______. (A) communicative (B) understanding (C) communication (D) understood 訳：私はロシア語を話さないので、あまり自分の意思を伝えられませんでした。 ※正解（D）。make はここでは「…にする」の意味。myself は understanding「理解している」の側ではなく、understood「理解されている」の側のはずです。 7. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 We recommend that _______ a higher grade of steel. (A) you use (B) you are using (C) you to use (D) you used 訳：もっと質の高い鋼鉄を使用することをお勧めします。 ※正解（A）。recommend「勧める、薦める」のように人に何かを勧める意味の動詞や、他人に何かを要求する意味の動詞が目的語に that 節をとる場合、that 以下が主語＋動詞の原形をとります。このような動詞の代表的なものには demand, urge, request などがあります。 (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 Originally considered to be primarily a subfield of medicine, veterinary science ----- into a broader, interdisciplinary field. (A) has more recently developed (B) to more recently develop (C) more recently development (D) of more recently developing ※正解（A）。【解説】 Originally considered ... は分詞構文。veterinary science「獣医学」が この文の主語で、空所には動詞が入ることになる。正解はhas more recently developedである。 2. 空所補充問題 The random nature of genetic mutations provides a functionally neutral series of changes which are sorted out ----- the non-random process of natural selection. (A) in accordance (B) according (C) according to (D) of accord ※正解（C）。【解説】 空所には「... にしたがって」の意味を表す語句が入ることになる。in accordanceの場合には前置詞withが必要になる。正解はaccording toである。 3. 空所補充問題 The United Nations was formed in hopes that it would help prevent further ----- by providing a universal forum for the resolution of international disputes. (A) world warring (B) the world war (C) a world war (D) world wars ※正解（D）。【解説】 空所の前に形容詞furtherがあることから、the world warとa world warが 使えないことはすぐに分かるだろう。warringは「敵対する、戦争している」という 意味の形容詞である。したがって、正解はworld warsになる。 4. 空所補充問題 Atmospheric precipitation can take many forms, the most common being -----, snow, sleet and hail. (A) raining (B) to rain (C) rain (D) rained ※正解（C）。【解説】 空所の後に名詞snow、sleet「みぞれ」、hail「ひょう」が並んでいること からrainが正解であることが分かる。the most common being ... （分詞構文）は and the most common are ... と同じ働きをしている。 5. 空所補充問題 Many trees have developed the capacity to store water in their leaves when the air is moist and ----- it during drier periods to increase the humidity of the surrounding soil and air. (A) releasing (B) released (C) release (D) would release ※正解（C）。【解説】 空所の主語はMany treesで、この文は現在形。このことから正解が releaseであることが分かる。 6. 正誤問題 Ornamental diamonds are sorted and graded (A)for value according to several basic (B)criteria: weight, cut, (C)clarity, and the (D)present or absence of blemishes. ※正解(D)。【解説】 present → presence。 前置詞for、criteria「基準（複数形）」、clarity「透明さ（名詞）」の用 法に誤りはない。presentでは次に続くabsenceとの意味がつながらない。ここは presence「存在」にしなければならない。 7. 正誤問題 (A)As a general rule, the information processing capacity of computers of a (B)given size (C)it doubles every year (D)or so. ※正解（C）。【解説】 itを取る。 As a general ruleは「通則、慣例として」、givenは「一定の」という意 味。この文の主語はthe information ... size、動詞がdoublesである。itが余分だったのである。or soは「... ほど」の意。 8. 正誤問題 Some scientists believe that the subjective perception of a (A)child's "cuteness" is a psychological response that evolved to help (B)support the (C)relative long child rearing period (D)among primates. ※正解（C）。【解説】 relative → relatively。 所有格child'sに問題はない。helpの後に来る不定詞はよく省略される。 relativeはlongを修飾しているので、ここは副詞relativelyを用いなければならな い。前置詞among「... の中で」の用法に誤りはない。 9. 正誤問題 Some (A)theorists believe (B)that monotheistic (C)religions developed out of polytheistic (D)believing. ※正解(D)。【解説】 believing → beliefs。 theorists「理論家」、接続詞that、religions「宗教（可算名詞）」に誤り はない。形容詞polytheistic「多宗教の」後には動名詞ではなくbelieveの名詞形 beliefsを用いなくてはいけない。 10. 正誤問題 It took billions of years (A)for life to emerge on (B)earth, but the process of evolution (C)produced that intelligent life was, relatively speaking, (D)virtually instantaneous. ※正解（C）。【解説】 produced that → that produced。 for lifeは次に来る不定詞to以下の主語。on earthで「地球上で」の意味に なる。produced thatの語順に注意してほしい。このままでは文が繋がらない。that producedにすればいい。virtuallyは形容詞instantaneousを修飾する副詞である。 II.時事英文 Personal Toilet (その5；全5回シリーズ) Jack Sim is the founder of the World Toilet Organization, a nonprofit group working to improve conditions. Jack Sim: "This is quite an unacceptable situation given the fact that we are all living in [the] modern world. And strangely, many of them [own] radio, television, hand phone and no toilet." He says the "sanitation marketplace" and inventions like this one are the best way to help people meet a most basic need. III - a. 雑知識
III -b. 英語でどう言う？ スキーで山を下る ski down the mountain 【例文】Spectators cheered as the downhiller skied down the mountain at breathtaking speed. 世界記録を更新する rewrite a world record 【例文】He is aiming to rewrite the world record in the men's 500-meter speed skating event. トリプルアクセルを決める successfully land a triple axel 【例文】She successfully landed a triple axel. 首に金メダルをかける place a gold medal around one's neck 【例文】The presenter placed a gold medal around the winner's neck. III-c Phrases in the News 税制改革 tax revision ※The government's Tax Commission has delivered an outline of its tax revision recommendations to the government. ※政府の税制調査会は、税制改革にむけての税制大綱を政府に提出した。 IV. Jokes a. I had just eaten the worst meal in my life and had to say something. "Is everything OK?" the waitress asked. "No," I replied. "The chicken is so tough, you can't cut it with a knife." "I'm so sorry," she said. "Can I bring you a different knife?" b. I spent a good part of a recent afternoon stuck on the grocery's express line behind a woman with too many items. "I'm sorry," she told the clerk. "I guess I forgot to count the things I had in my cart." "Don't worry," the clerk replied. "Everyone behind you is counting them." c. My mother is an intelligent woman, but she isn't very well travelled. One recent trip to Paris, she caught sight of the Eiffel Tower for the first time. Eyeing the international icon suspiciously, she tilted her head to the right, then to the left, then turned to my father and said, "Well, it looks pretty straight to me." d. Eager to be a hands-on dad, I wanted to prove I could change a nappy as well as anyone else could. I watched my daughter looking up wide-eyed at me as I tackled the task. The reason for her wonder became apparent when I completed the change, lifted her up and found her left arm tightly bound inside her nappy. e. Every senior class at our school brings with it a new senior prank. Recently, a group of students let three pigs loose inside the school. They were labeled Pig #1, Pig #2 and Pig #4. School officials quickly rounded up three pigs but spent rest of the day looking for Pig #3. |