|
資料No. ： NS100407
I-1 TOEIC, TOEFL練習問題 (1) TOEIC 1. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 She was still wearing the _______ white dress. (A) flowering (B) flower (C) flowery (D) flowers 2. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The sight was simply _______. (A) with magnificence (B) magnificent (C) magnificently (D) magnificence 3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Are you sure that he's pronouncing it _______? (A) proper (B) with properness (C) proper way (D) properly 4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 He was _______ than I thought. (A) impression (B) greatly impressive (C) more impressive (D) greater impression 5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 When would they have _______ to see it? (A) to been (B) able to be (C) been able (D) able 6. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Behind the current economic strength _______ the concern over exchange rates. (A) will lurk (B) lurking (C) has lurked (D) lurks 7. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 We should try very _______ to improve our relationship with our customers. (A) hardly (B) probably (C) hard (D) possible (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 After a road construction crew lays down the asphalt, its surface ------ with a sealer that protects the road from wear. (A) is covered (B) are they covered (C) that covers (D) covering 2. 空所補充問題 Semantics is a branch of linguistics concerned with the structure ------ the changes of meaning in language. (A) as well (B) and well (C) and as well (D) as well as 3. 空所補充問題 Not until aircraft were able to carry loads heavy enough to be useful in transportation and war ------. (A) investors took them seriously (B) they were taken seriously by investors (C) did investors take them seriously (D) with investors taking them seriously 4. 空所補充問題 After being nominated for the award five years in a row but never actually receiving it, many believe it's about time Mr. Handy ------ the honor. (A) was received (B) received (C) receives (D) will receive 5. 空所補充問題 Exit-polls show that most people ----- supportive of the opponent of an incumbent president intend to vote against the incumbent, rather than for his opponent. (A) are to be (B) who are (C) who (D) who will be 6. 正誤問題 The invention of writing allowed people (A)to preserve data without (B)committing (C)it to human memory, which it was (D)less reliable than clay tablets. 7. 正誤問題 We finished (A)work on most (B)of the cars, but we didn't (C)have time for (D)the rests. 8. 正誤問題 The president organized (A)a fundraising dinner for his political (B)allies that was (C)attended by 1,000 people, (D)each of which paid $750 for the privilege. 9. 正誤問題 (A)In many parts of India, the cow is (B)regarded as sacred (C)and is not slaughtered (D)by food. 10. 正誤問題 (A)We all wish the jury (B)will realize (C)that a defendant is to be (D)presumed innocent until and unless proven guilty. I-2 TOEIC, TOEFL練習問題解答 (1) TOEIC 1. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 She was still wearing the _______ white dress. (A) flowering (B) flower (C) flowery (D) flowers 訳：彼女は花柄の白い服をまだ着ていました。 ※正解(C)。空所には white dress を修飾する形容詞が入りますが。したがって、(B) flower、(D) flowers は不適切です。(A) の flowering も「花の咲く、花を開く」という意味の形容詞でここでは適切ではありません。(C) の flowery「花模様の」が正解になります。 2. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The sight was simply _______. (A) with magnificence (B) magnificent (C) magnificently (D) magnificence 訳：その眺めは実に見事だった。 ※正解(B)。第2文型の文で、空所に主語の補語となる語が入ることになります。前に副詞の simply があるので (A) with magnificence という副詞句や、副詞の (C) magnificently、(D) の名詞 magnificence「壮大さ」は不適切です。形容詞である (B) の magnificent「見事な」 が正解となります。 3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Are you sure that he's pronouncing it _______? (A) proper (B) with properness (C) proper way (D) properly 訳：本当に彼はそれを正しく発音していると思いますか？ ※正解(D)。that 以下の従属節の動詞 pronounce を修飾する副詞が入ります。(A) proper には副詞の意味もありますが、「完全に、ひどく」という意味で文意が合いません。正解は (D) の副詞の properly「適切に」です。accurately を用いても同様の意味になります。 4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 He was _______ than I thought. (A) impression (B) greatly impressive (C) more impressive (D) greater impression 訳：思っていたより彼には感銘を受けた。 ※正解(C)。比較級の基本的用法は<形容詞・副詞の比較級＋than 〜>となります。そうすると、まず最初に (A) や (B) は消去されます。(D) は文型上、He = impression ではないので不適切であることに気づくでしょう。形容詞 impressive に more をつけて比較級を表している (C) が正解となります。 5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 When would they have _______ to see it? (A) to been (B) able to be (C) been able (D) able 訳：彼らはいつそれを見ることができたのでしょうか？ ※正解(C)。would と have をヒントに仮定法過去完了であることがわかります。の形で「過去の事柄に関する不確実な推量」を表します。正解は (C) の been able で、「たぶん見られなかっただろう」という含みをもつ反語的な意味になります。 6. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Behind the current economic strength _______ the concern over exchange rates. (A) will lurk (B) lurking (C) has lurked (D) lurks 訳：現在の経済の強さの裏には為替レートに関する不安が潜んでいる。 ※正解(D)。"The concern over exchange rates ( ) behind the current economic strength."の倒置と考えればよい。 ( ) の中には動詞が入ることが容易に分かるはず。will lurk は時制が問題。has lurked も意味上不自然。 7. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 We should try very _______ to improve our relationship with our customers. (A) hardly (B) probably (C) hard (D) possible 訳：私たちは顧客との関係を向上させるために一所懸命に努めねばなりません。 ※正解(C)。probably「おそらく」は意味上、possible「可能な」は意味と構文上不可。hardly は否定の副詞で、「まず…ではない」の意味。 (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 After a road construction crew lays down the asphalt, its surface ------ with a sealer that protects the road from wear. (A) is covered (B) are they covered (C) that covers (D) covering ※正解(A)。【解説】 its surfaceの後に動詞が来るのは明らか。are they coveredでは主語がダブってしまう。また、単数its surfaceをareで受けるはずがない。正解はis coveredである。 2. 空所補充問題 Semantics is a branch of linguistics concerned with the structure ------ the changes of meaning in language. (A) as well (B) and well (C) and as well (D) as well as ※正解(D)。【解説】 the structureとthe changes ... と２つ名詞句が並んでいる。接続詞の andを入れたいところだが、選択肢にはand well、and as wellと余分な語がついている。as well asを空所に入れれば「the changes ... ばかりでなくthe structureも」の意味になる。 3. 空所補充問題 Not until aircraft were able to carry loads heavy enough to be useful in transportation and war ------. (A) investors took them seriously (B) they were taken seriously by investors (C) did investors take them seriously (D) with investors taking them seriously ※正解(C)。【解説】 文頭に否定語Notがあるので、当然、空所には倒置された文が入るはずである。正解はdid investors take them seriouslyである。 4. 空所補充問題 After being nominated for the award five years in a row but never actually receiving it, many believe it's about time Mr. Handy ------ the honor. (A) was received (B) received (C) receives (D) will receive ※正解(B)。【解説】 it's about time ... は仮定法の文であることを忘れてはいけない。この後 に過去形receivedを使うことで、「そろそろ ... してもいいころだ」の意味を表 す。 5. 空所補充問題 Exit-polls show that most people ----- supportive of the opponent of an incumbent president intend to vote against the incumbent, rather than for his opponent. (A) are to be (B) who are (C) who (D) who will be ※正解(B)。【解説】 supportiveは「支える、支持する」という意味の形容詞である。また、 most people ... この文の動詞はintendである。したがって、空所には関係代名詞と be動詞が入るはずである。文脈から判断して、未来形にする必要はないので、正解は who areになる。 6. 正誤問題 The invention of writing allowed people (A)to preserve data without (B)committing (C)it to human memory, which it was (D)less reliable than clay tablets. ※正解(C)。【解説】 it → itを取る。不定詞to、withoutの後の動名詞committingの用法に問題はない。whichの後 のitは何を指しているのかがわからない。実は、このitが余分だったのである。 less ... thanは劣等比較。 7. 正誤問題 We finished (A)work on most (B)of the cars, but we didn't (C)have time for (D)the rests. ※正解(D)。【解説】 the rests → the rest。 この場合のworkは名詞。most of the cars、have timeに問題は見当たらな い。the restで「残り」の意味になる。restsと複数形にする必要はない。 8. 正誤問題 The president organized (A)a fundraising dinner for his political (B)allies that was (C)attended by 1,000 people, (D)each of which paid $750 for the privilege. ※正解(D)。【解説】 each of which → each of whom。 冠詞a、allies「同盟」、受け身was attended by ... の用法に問題はな い。whichは前のpeopleを受けているので、whomを使ってeach of whomにしなければ いけない。 9. 正誤問題 (A)In many parts of India, the cow is (B)regarded as sacred (C)and is not slaughtered (D)by food. ※正解(D)。【解説】 by food → for food。 In many parts、be regarded as ... 「... と見なされる」、接続詞andに 誤りはない。by foodのどこがおかしいのか。このままではfoodにより slaughtered「屠殺される」の意味になってしまう。前置詞をforに換えれば、for foodで「食用として」の意味になる。 10. 正誤問題 (A)We all wish the jury (B)will realize (C)that a defendant is to be (D)presumed innocent until and unless proven guilty. ※正解(B)。【解説】 will realize → would realize。 wishがあるので仮定法の文であるはずだが、will realizeと未来形になって いる。would realizeにすれば仮定法過去の文になる。 II.時事英文 Personal Toilet (その1；全5回シリーズ) The name sounds funny but the idea is no joke: a personal toilet called the Peepoo. Anders Wilhelmson is the Swedish inventor of the idea. He wants to give poor people in developing countries a simple way to improve their lives. The toilet is a single-use bag made of environmentally friendly plastics. The inside is treated with urea, a chemical commonly used as fertilizer. A natural reaction kills harmful organisms in the waste. It reduces the waste to fertilizer that Anders Wilhelmson says is safe for growing food. III - a. 雑知識
III -b. 英語でどう言う？ こき使う push around 【例文】The boss is a bully who likes to push us around. 特訓を受ける take a crash course 【例文】Before my business trip to Great Britain, I took a 3-week crash course in English conversation. 忙殺される be tied up with 【例文】Call me back later. I'm tied up with a new project now. がり勉する grind away at 【例文】Takashi ground away at his studies and got straight A's. III-c Phrases in the News 核軍縮 nuclear disarmament ※Reflecting the deepening of ties between Japan and the United States, economic issues took a back set to global warming and nuclear disarmament during Friday's summit talks between Prime Minister Yukio Hatoyama and visiting U.S. President Barack Obama. ※日米関係の緊密化を受け、鳩山由紀夫首相と訪日中のバラク・オバマ米大統領の金曜日の首脳会談では、経済問題より地球温暖化や核軍縮の課題が優先された。 IV. Jokes a. Staying at my daughter's house, I helped out with the cleaning. One evening, we were going out for a meal, but my hands had become dry and cracked so I asked if she had any hang cream. "No," she replied. "But try olive oil." I went to the kitchen, grabbed a bottle and smothered the soothing contents liberally on my arms and hands. Then I looked at the label: "Infused with garlic." b. Our friend worked in an office where an angry exchange of e-mails erupted. Colleagues were blasting outraged notes back and forth. Finally, their boss stepped in. The e-mails stopped, and everyone settled back to work. Then the boss sent one more e-mail. "Thank goodness that's solved. Does anyone have any questions?" The tension was rekindled when a woman, forgetting an important comma, replied, "No thanks to you." c. Going to London was a dream come true for my wife. But the time difference took some getting used to. "When I go to bed, I feel hungry," she complained. "But what's worse, when I go to dinner, I feel sexy." d. The passengers were settling into their seats for the short flight when an attendant came on the PA system. Instead of the usual admonition to "Please turn off all electronic devices," she put a creative new spin on it: "Repeat after me. 'Good-bye. I love ou. I'll talk to you when I land.'" |