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資料No. ： NS091021
I-1 TOEIC, TOEFL練習問題 (1) TOEIC 1. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 New York's Big Apple Bank _______ that 75 scheduled layoffs have been avoided. (A) described (B) spoke (C) told (D) announced 2. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 I couldn't believe how _______ Tom solved the puzzle. (A) haste (B) speedy (C) quickly (D) swift 3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Those _______ looking clouds mean a storm is coming. (A) mysterious (B) ominous (C) menace (D) trouble 4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Her husband was _______ to her plans for divorce. (A) knowledge (B) scheming (C) oblivious (D) secret 5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Everyone at the party was in a _______ mood. (A) festive (B) fertile (C) furtive (D) furious 6. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Those kids have got to understand that their homework is an _______. (A) obligate (B) obligation (C) obligator (D) oblige 7. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The new lighting system in the studio _______ very beautiful. (A) are (B) is (C) is being (D) were (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 ----- thick ridges of bristle in its enormous, permanently grinning mouth, the right whale feeds on plankton that it strains from the surface of the water. (A) Equipped with (B) Equipped to (C) Equipping at (D) For equipping 2. 空所補充問題 The tree shrews are the ----- primitive of the primates, while humans are the most advanced. (A) many (B) most (C) more (D) much 3. 空所補充問題 The Eddas are two well-known ----- of ancient Icelandic literature. (A) collections (B) collected (C) collectors (D) collectives 4. 空所補充問題 The Babylonians conquered the southern kingdom of Judea in 586 B.C., ----- the Jewish Temple in Jerusalem. (A) had destroyed (B) destroyed (C) destroying (D) to destroy 5. 空所補充問題 If water is heated under pressures higher than average atmospheric pressure at sea level, ----- until it reaches a temperature higher than 100 degrees C or 212 degrees F. (A) it is not boiling (B) it boils not (C) it would not boil (D) it will not boil 6. 正誤問題 (A)Even water that feels comfortably warm (B)to the touch can cause hypothermia (C)on prolonged (D)contact if it is significant lower than natural body temperature. 7. 正誤問題 The function of the kidneys (A)is (B)served as filters that help (C)remove impurities (D)from the bloodstream. 8. 正誤問題 A parent may make a child (A)to conform to behavioral patterns (B)that adults associate with positive cultural (C)attributes, but these behaviors are not (D)necessarily an indication of healthy development. 9. 正誤問題 The lower-case letter 'a' (A)had developed (B)a standard shape about 300 years (C)late than the upper-case version of the letter (D)by 300 A.D. 10. 正誤問題 The theory of continental drift (A)was (B)bolstering in 1970 (C)by the discovery of fossilized reptile bones (D)on Antarctica. I-2 TOEIC, TOEFL練習問題解答 (1) TOEIC 1. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 New York's Big Apple Bank _______ that 75 scheduled layoffs have been avoided. (A) described (B) spoke (C) told (D) announced 訳：ニューヨークのビッグアップル銀行は、予定されていた 75 人の解雇は回避することができたと発表した。 ※正解（D）。単語力が勝負となる。それぞれ動詞の意味を理解していないと苦しい。(A)の described は「描写する」。 2. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 I couldn't believe how _______ Tom solved the puzzle. (A) haste (B) speedy (C) quickly (D) swift 訳：トムがあんなに速くパズルを解くなんて信じられなかった。 ※正解（C）。「速く」は副詞でなければならない。(B)は speedily、(D)は swiftly であれば考えうる。 3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Those _______ looking clouds mean a storm is coming. (A) mysterious (B) ominous (C) menace (D) trouble 訳：あの不吉な雲は嵐が来ることを示している。 ※正解（B）。知っている単語で、意味が不自然なものから除去する。menace は「脅威」。 4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Her husband was _______ to her plans for divorce. (A) knowledge (B) scheming (C) oblivious (D) secret 訳：彼女の夫は、彼女の離婚の計画に関心がなかった。 ※正解（C）。「人＋ was ... to 〜」のパターンにあてはまる語をさがし出す。be oblivious to ... で、「…に無関心な」の意。 5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Everyone at the party was in a _______ mood. (A) festive (B) fertile (C) furtive (D) furious 訳：パーティーの全員がお祭りムードでした。 ※正解（A）。party での話だから、fury「怒り」から派生している語よりも、festival「祭り」に関連した語を選びたい。 6. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Those kids have got to understand that their homework is an _______. (A) obligate (B) obligation (C) obligator (D) oblige 訳：あの子たちは宿題が義務であることを判らなければいけない。 ※正解（B）。「義務」という意味の名詞になるように語尾を考える。 7. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The new lighting system in the studio _______ very beautiful. (A) are (B) is (C) is being (D) were 訳：スタジオの新しい照明システムは大変に美しい。 ※正解（B）。主語の単複を考える。system が本主語で、単数形。それ以上は何も難しく考える必要はない。 (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 ----- thick ridges of bristle in its enormous, permanently grinning mouth, the right whale feeds on plankton that it strains from the surface of the water. (A) Equipped with (B) Equipped to (C) Equipping at (D) For equipping ※正解（A）。【解説】 equipには前置詞withが伴うことを知っていれば答えがすぐに分かる。be equipped with... で「……が備わっている」の意味になる。文頭のBeingが略されている。right whale「セミクジラ」、bristle「剛毛」。 2. 空所補充問題 The tree shrews are the ----- primitive of the primates, while humans are the most advanced. (A) many (B) most (C) more (D) much ※正解（B）。【解説】 while以下にthe mostが使われることがヒントになる。the mostとthe mostを使って対比しているのである。tree shrew「キネズミ」、primate「霊長類」。 3. 空所補充問題 The Eddas are two well-known ----- of ancient Icelandic literature. (A) collections (B) collected (C) collectors (D) collectives ※正解（A）。【解説】 形容詞well-knownの後に過去分詞collectedが来るはずがない。The Eddasとは「アイルランド語で書かれた古代の詩歌集」のことである。したがって、正解は(A) collections「収集物」である。 4. 空所補充問題 The Babylonians conquered the southern kingdom of Judea in 586 B.C., ----- the Jewish Temple in Jerusalem. (A) had destroyed (B) destroyed (C) destroying (D) to destroy ※正解（C）。【解説】 この文の動詞はconqueredである。(A) (B)を空所に入れると動詞がダブることになる。分詞destroyingを使えばand destroyedの意味を表し文が繋がるようになる。目的を表す(D) to destroyは不可。 5. 空所補充問題 If water is heated under pressures higher than average atmospheric pressure at sea level, ----- until it reaches a temperature higher than 100 degrees C or 212 degrees F. (A) it is not boiling (B) it boils not (C) it would not boil (D) it will not boil ※正解（D）。【解説】 (B) it boils notの語順がおかしいのは明らか。If water is... となっているので(C) it would not boil（仮定法）は不可。進行形ではなく未来形(D) it will not boilを空所に入れれば「もし〜すると、……までしない」の意味になる。atmospheric pressure「大気圧」。 6. 正誤問題 (A)Even water that feels comfortably warm (B)to the touch can cause hypothermia (C)on prolonged (D)contact if it is significant lower than natural body temperature. ※正解(D)。【解説】 significant → significantly。文頭のEven、前置詞to、onに問題はない。significantはlowerを修飾しているので、ここでは副詞significantlyを用いる。hypothermia「低体温」。 7. 正誤問題 The function of the kidneys (A)is (B)served as filters that help (C)remove impurities (D)from the bloodstream. ※正解(B)。【解説】 served → to serve。isは単数の主語The functionに呼応している。受け身served as... は一見すると問題がないように思えるが、is以下で腎臓の機能に関する説明をしているので、不定詞を用いてto serve as... 「……として働くこと」にしなければ意味が通らない。helpの後のto不定詞は頻繁に省略される。またremoveに対応した前置詞fromに誤りはない。 8. 正誤問題 A parent may make a child (A)to conform to behavioral patterns (B)that adults associate with positive cultural (C)attributes, but these behaviors are not (D)necessarily an indication of healthy development. ※正解(A)。【解説】 to conform → conform。to conformの前に使役動詞makeが使われているのでtoは不要である。関係代名詞that、可算名詞attributes「特性、属性」、not necessarily「必ずしも……ではない」の用法に問題はない。 9. 正誤問題 The lower-case letter 'a' (A)had developed (B)a standard shape about 300 years (C)late than the upper-case version of the letter (D)by 300 A.D. ※正解(C)。【解説】 late → later。lateの後にthanがあることに注目。laterにしなければ比較の文にならない。lower-case「小文字の」、upper-case「大文字の」。 10. 正誤問題 The theory of continental drift (A)was (B)bolstering in 1970 (C)by the discovery of fossilized reptile bones (D)on Antarctica. ※正解(B)。【解説】 bolstering → bolstered。bolsterは「支持する」という意味の他動詞である。後にbyが出てくるので、ここはbolsteredと受け身にしなければ意味が通らない。fossilized「化石化した」。 II.時事英文 Rich Life (その2；全7回シリーズ) A few years ago, my friend Al won the lottery. It changed his life. He did not have a rich family. He was not born with a silver spoon in his mouth. Instead, my friend was always hard up for cash. He did not have much money. And the money he did earn was chicken feed - very little. III - a. 雑知識
III -b. 英語でどう言う？ 赤ん坊にミルクを飲ませる bottle-feed a baby 【例文】My husband loves bottle-feeding our baby son. 子守歌を歌う sing a lullaby 【例文】I sing a lullaby to my little son every night. おむつを取り替える change diapers 【例文】John, will you change Mike's diapers? おねしょする wet one's bed 【例文】Taro has wet his bed again. III-c Phrases in the News 海賊対処法 anti-piracy law ※The anti-piracy law offers legal grounds for dispatching Self-Defense Forces personnel to protect Japanese and foreign ships in waters off Somalia. ※海賊対処法は、日本及び外国の船舶を守るために自衛隊をソマリア沖に派遣する法的根拠となる。 IV. Jokes a. As I sat there thinking about an upcoming birthday, I turned to my husband and asked how he would define middle age. Without taking his eyes off the TV, he responded, "It's a time when action creaks louder than words." b. When the subject of marriage counseling came up, my uncle said, "Your aunt and I never need any. She majored in communication in university, and I majored in theatre arts." "What's that got to do with a successful relationship?" I asked. "She's good at communicating," he said. "and I'm good at acting like I'm listening." c. Before a formal dinner at my university hall of residence, the chaplain led the hall in saying grace: "Bless this food to our use and ourselves to thy service for Christ's sake." Unfortunately, the microphone he was using wasn't very reliable and all the assembled throng heard was, " … service, for Christ' sake." At which point, the waitresses came racing out of the kitchen, red-faced and laden with plates. d. A well-meaning, but not well-informed, girl volunteered to be a UNICEF fund-raiser at our school. Urging my class to be more generous with their donations, she pleaded, "Come on, guys. How would you like it if your little brother or sister had UNICEF?" e. Hoping to get an emergency appointment, I called our pediatrician. "My son has a horrible earache," I told the nurse. "Which ear?" she asked. I called to Eric, "What ear is it?" He replied, "2007." I got the appointment. |