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資料No. ： NS090930
I-1 TOEIC, TOEFL練習問題 (1) TOEIC 1. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Reducing manufacturing expenses is our number one _______. (A) priority (B) prediction (C) probability (D) promotion 2. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 We take great pride _______ the opening of our Singapore office. (A) to expand (B) to announce (C) in concluding (D) in announcing 3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The new president _______ increase R&D spending. (A) provides for (B) intends to (C) rejects the (D) supports an 4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 _______ you have made the copies, please take them down to accounting. (A) While (B) After (C) During (D) Before 5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 In this _______ case, the difficulty seems to lie with the shippers. (A) exactly (B) probably (C) also (D) particular 6. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 _______ you been able to install the software yet? (A) Had (B) Will (C) Were (D) Have 7. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 As you _______ imagine, we are very worried about the delay. (A) can (B) will (C) perhaps (D) ever (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 Actor Walter Matthau, ----- lived from 1920 to 2000, was born Walter Matuschanskavasky. (A) that (B) him (C) he (D) who 2. 空所補充問題 Contributions to the origins of letter "i" can be traced ----- to an ancient Egyptian hieroglyph showing the shape of a hand. (A) up (B) back (C) out (D) in 3. 空所補充問題 ----- a playwright and self-declared genius known for his incisive social comedies and his witty aphorisms exposing the ironies of life and hypocrisies of Victorian society. (A) Oscar Wilde being (B) Oscar Wilde (C) Being Oscar Wilde (D) Oscar Wilde was 4. 空所補充問題 If it hadn't been for the invention of the internal-combustion engine, the need for fuel oil ----- such an important geopolitical factor. (A) would become (B) may not become (C) might not have become (D) didn't become 5. 空所補充問題 Exposure to sunlight causes minor damage to the skin, stimulates the production of protective pigment cells, and ----- the synthesis of certain vitamins. (A) to promote (B) promotes (C) promoting (D) promoted 6. 正誤問題 FM, (A)its frequency modulation makes possible broadcasts (B)with less static interference (C)than broadcasts using AM, (D)which stands for amplitude modulation. 7. 正誤問題 (A)Physical health is only one aspect of (B)a well-lived life, which also has social, (C)philosophically and emotional (D)components. 8. 正誤問題 (A)A first driver to reach (B)a speed of over 100 kilometers (C)did so in (D)an electric powered car in 1899. 9. 正誤問題 The printing technique (A)used to deposit conductive materials (B)on the ceramic surfaces of computer chips (C)are (D)not unlike those used in the graphic arts. 10. 正誤問題 In 1900, New York readers (A)could choose (B)between 15 major city newspapers, (C)compared (D)only a few today. I-2 TOEIC, TOEFL練習問題解答 (1) TOEIC 1. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Reducing manufacturing expenses is our number one _______. (A) priority (B) prediction (C) probability (D) promotion 訳：製造コストの削減が我々の第一の優先課題です。 ※正解（A）。ボキャブラリーの問題。priority「優先、優先課題」。prediction「予測」。probability「可能性」。promotion「促進、昇格」。 2. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 We take great pride _______ the opening of our Singapore office. (A) to expand (B) to announce (C) in concluding (D) in announcing 訳：当社シンガポール支店の開店を発表することは大変な誇りです。 ※正解（D）。expand the opening of ...「開店を拡大する」では意味の上で不可。「発表する」の意味の announce が適切ですが、「誇りに思う」の take pride は通常 take pride in ... の形で用います。 3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The new president _______ increase R&D spending. (A) provides for (B) intends to (C) rejects the (D) supports an 訳：新しい社長は研究開発予算の増加を意図しています。 ※正解（B）。increase が「増加」の意味の名詞なのか、「増加させる」の意味の動詞なのかが問題。名詞であれば increase in R&D spending となるはず。前置詞 for や冠詞 the、an は名詞の前に置かれているはずです。 4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 _______ you have made the copies, please take them down to accounting. (A) While (B) After (C) During (D) Before 訳：コピーを取り終わったら、会計に持っていってください。 ※正解（B）。While や During は「…の間」の意味ですから、意味上不適切です。After か Before かの選択では、時間の前後関係を考えてみれば、難しい問題ではないはずです。 5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 In this _______ case, the difficulty seems to lie with the shippers. (A) exactly (B) probably (C) also (D) particular 訳：この特殊なケースでは、問題は輸出者側にあるように思えます。 ※正解（D）。lie with ... は「…に在る」。意味の上よりも、むしろ文法的に考えたほうが分かり易いでしょう。case という名詞を修飾するのは形容詞でなければなりません。 6. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 _______ you been able to install the software yet? (A) Had (B) Will (C) Were (D) Have 訳：もうソフトウェアのインストールは済みましたか。 ※正解（D）。software と install はすでに日本語と考えてもいいでしょう。yet があるところからも、この文の時制は明らかと言えるでしょう。Will であれば、be 動詞は原形 be でなければなりません。Were では be 動詞が二つになってしまいます。 7. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 As you _______ imagine, we are very worried about the delay. (A) can (B) will (C) perhaps (D) ever 訳：お察しいただけるように、当方では遅れを大変に心配しています。 ※正解（A）。文法的に助動詞が入ることは間違いなさそうです。ただし文法的に何が可能かを考える前に、As ..., の部分を見たことがあるか聞いたことがあることが重要です。多くの例文に接していれば必ずと言っていいほど出てくるはずの表現のひとつです。 (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 Actor Walter Matthau, ----- lived from 1920 to 2000, was born Walter Matuschanskavasky. (A) that (B) him (C) he (D) who ※正解（D）。【解説】 この文の動詞はwasである。このことから空所には関係代名詞whoが入ることが分かる。空所の前にカンマ(,)があるのでthatは使えない。 2. 空所補充問題 Contributions to the origins of letter "i" can be traced ----- to an ancient Egyptian hieroglyph showing the shape of a hand. (A) up (B) back (C) out (D) in ※正解（B）。【解説】 be traced back to... で「 ... にさかのぼる」の意味になるので正解は(B)。hieroglyph「象形文字」。 3. 空所補充問題 ----- a playwright and self-declared genius known for his incisive social comedies and his witty aphorisms exposing the ironies of life and hypocrisies of Victorian society. (A) Oscar Wilde being (B) Oscar Wilde (C) Being Oscar Wilde (D) Oscar Wilde was ※正解（D）。【解説】 この文の動詞は何か？空所以降には動詞は見あたらない。(D) Oscar Wilde wasのwasがこの文の動詞になる。aphorism「金言」、hypocrisy「偽善」。 4. 空所補充問題 If it hadn't been for the invention of the internal-combustion engine, the need for fuel oil ----- such an important geopolitical factor. (A) would become (B) may not become (C) might not have become (D) didn't become ※正解（C）。【解説】 If it hadn't been for... と仮定法の過去完了になっているので、might not have becomeを空所に入れれば「……がなかったら、〜にならなかったかも知れない」という意味になる。internal-combustion engine「内燃機関」。 5. 空所補充問題 Exposure to sunlight causes minor damage to the skin, stimulates the production of protective pigment cells, and ----- the synthesis of certain vitamins. (A) to promote (B) promotes (C) promoting (D) promoted ※正解（B）。【解説】 この文には動詞が３つある。causes、stimulates、さらにもう１つ空所に入るpromotesである。exposure「さらされること」、pigment「色素」、synthesis「合成」。 6. 正誤問題 FM, (A)its frequency modulation makes possible broadcasts (B)with less static interference (C)than broadcasts using AM, (D)which stands for amplitude modulation. ※正解(A)。【解説】 its → or。frequency modulationはFMのこと。したがって、itsではなくorを使う。前置詞with、less... than、関係代名詞whichの用法に問題はない。 7. 正誤問題 (A)Physical health is only one aspect of (B)a well-lived life, which also has social, (C)philosophically and emotional (D)components. ※正解（C）。【解説】 philosophically → philosophical。social, philosophically and emotionalに注目。philosophicallyだけが副詞になっている。ここでは他の２つの形容詞に形式を統一してphilosophicalにしなくてはいけない。 8. 正誤問題 (A)A first driver to reach (B)a speed of over 100 kilometers (C)did so in (D)an electric powered car in 1899. ※正解(A)。【解説】 A → The。文頭のA first driver to... は「……した最初のドライバー」の意味になる。冠詞AはTheにしなくてはいけない。 9. 正誤問題 The printing technique (A)used to deposit conductive materials (B)on the ceramic surfaces of computer chips (C)are (D)not unlike those used in the graphic arts. ※正解（C）。【解説】 are → is。used toの前にはthat/which isが略されている。前置詞onとnot unlike「変わりはない」に問題はない。この文の主語は単数The printing techniqueなので、areはそれに呼応してisになる。 10. 正誤問題 In 1900, New York readers (A)could choose (B)between 15 major city newspapers, (C)compared (D)only a few today. ※正解（C）。【解説】 compared → compared to。comparedに注目。compared to... とtoを付け足せば「……と比べて」の意味になる。 II.時事英文 Mourners Pay Final Respects to Kennedy (その4；全5回シリーズ) The president ordered flags at the White House, the U.S. Capitol building and all other federal buildings to fly at half-staff for the senator. Lawmakers who served with Kennedy and all living former U.S. presidents praised the late senator for his ability to reach across party lines to pass health care, civil rights and education legislation. The four former presidents, Jimmy Carter, Bill Clinton, George H.W. Bush and his son, George W. Bush, are expected to attend the funeral. III - a. 雑知識
III -b. 英語でどう言う？ 電子レンジで〜をチンする heat ~ 5n the 05cr6wave 【例文】y 06ther heated 3eft6vers 5n the 05cr6wave. 沸騰したお湯を魔法ビンに注ぎ込む pour boiling water into the thermos 【例文】I poured boiling water from the kettle into the thermos. 冷蔵庫から缶ビールを1本取り出す take a can of beer from the refrigerator 【例文】My father took a can of beer from the refrigerator and popped it open. 食器洗い機に〜を入れる put ~ in the dishwasher 【例文】Will you put the pots, dishes and silverware in the dishwasher? III-c Phrases in the News 裁判員制度 citizen judge system ※Japan's new citizen judge system allows ordinary citizens to take part in trying serious criminal court cases along with regular judges, and includes verdict rendering and sentencing. ※日本の新しい裁判員制度では、重大犯罪の刑事裁判において、職業裁判官に加え一般市民が、有罪・無罪の宣告と量刑の決定を含む審理に参加できる。 IV. Jokes a. Days after I moved into a new condo, my neighbor came over to welcome me. At the end of her visit, she said, "By the way, my husband said he'd give you $20 for your wind chimes.2 "They're cheaper in a store,2 I pointed out. "I know, but he wants yours," she said. "They've been keeping him up at night." b. Too much information is not always a good thing. I was at a drugstore trying to decide between two types of rubbing alcohol. Both appeared to be the same, so I called my husband, a chemical engineer. "What's the difference between isopropyle rubbing alcohol and ethyl rubbing alcohol?" I asked. "Easy," he said. "One carbon atom." c. A fellow teacher assigned his Year Four student to write a topic sentence for the following phrases: "Sam always woeks quietly. Sam is polite to the teacher. Sam always does his homework." The student's topic sentence? "I hate Sam." d. I had an inauspicious start as a dog groomer when one of my first clients bit me. Noticing my pain, my boss voiced her concern. "Whatever you do," she said, "don't bleed on the white dogs." e. An overweight lady came for an appointment at my clinic. She was one of my colleague's patients so I was curious as to why she was suddenly coming to see me. "I had to," she moaned. "The other doctor put me on the scales and told me I was a beast." Appalled, I confronted my colleague about the matter. His account of their conversation was rather less dramatic. "I said she was obese." |