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資料No. ： NS090923
I-1 TOEIC, TOEFL練習問題 (1) TOEIC １. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The contract was mailed the day _______ yesterday, so it should arrive soon. (A) after (B) beside (C) next (D) before 2. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 My daughter plans _______ a psychology course next semester. (A) to learn (B) to take (C) to apply (D) to study 3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 If we _______ to the store last week, we wouldn't have missed the sale. (A) were to go (B) had gone (C) would go (D) have gone 4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The manager wanted the new secretary _______ the letters by 5:00. (A) will finish (B) finishing (C) could finish (D) to finish 5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 We suggest that you get in touch _______ our Dallas office on that. (A) to (B) by (C) with (D) for 6. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 We are writing to _______ that the renewal date has been extended. (A) have reminded you (B) remind to you (C) remind you (D) reminding you 7. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 If I had been there I could have _______. (A) been help (B) helped (C) helping (D) helpful (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 Proponents of cosmetic surgery construe it ----- an effective solution to problems of low self esteem. (A) for (B) to (C) as (D) of 2. 空所補充問題 According to the theory of economic "hollowing", a nation's economy is weakened when it ----- greater growth in service industries than in manufacturing industries. (A) experience (B) experiences (C) to experience (D) experiencing 3. 空所補充問題 Scientists now believe that somewhere on earth there ----- a catastrophic impact with an asteroid about 65 million years ago. (A) must (B) must be (C) must have (D) must have been 4. 空所補充問題 The first sporting event to be filmed was a boxing match ----- Jack Cushing and Mike Leonard in 1894, shot by Thomas Edison himself. (A) in (B) over (C) through (D) between 5. 空所補充問題 The pristine waters of Antarctica were fouled by an oil spill in 1989 for the first time ----- history. (A) on (B) in (C) at (D) of 6. 正誤問題 (A)For obvious reasons, it is considered (B)unethical for a student to have someone else (C)to write his or her term (D)papers. 7. 正誤問題 Trees are (A)the important part of the ecosystem, (B)since (C)they absorb the carbon dioxide (D)emitted by animals, and emit the oxygen animals need. 8. 正誤問題 (A)Almost doctors recommend (B)that patients avoid (C)indulging in smoking, excessive drinking and (D)a diet high in salt, sugar and fat. 9. 正誤問題 Ancient Greek (A)chronicler Herodotus traveled (B)to the far (C)reaches of the known world of the time and recorded (D)vast amount of information. 10. 正誤問題 Numerologists claim to (A)be able to judge character and (B)foretelling the future (C)through mathematical analysis of (D)known events. numerologists「数占い師」。 I-2 TOEIC, TOEFL練習問題解答 (1) TOEIC １. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The contract was mailed the day _______ yesterday, so it should arrive soon. (A) after (B) beside (C) next (D) before 訳：契約書は一昨日郵送されましたので、直ぐに着くでしょう。 ※正解(D)。まずは文脈から the day ------- yesterday がひとつの時を表す表現であることを理解することが重要です。あとはひとつひとつの選択肢を入れてみて、意味をなすものを探しましょう。 2. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 My daughter plans _______ a psychology course next semester. (A) to learn (B) to take (C) to apply (D) to study 訳：娘は来学期、心理学の授業を取る予定でいます． ※正解(B)。コロケーションの問題。"a psychology course"「心理学の授業」となっているので、「取る」の意味の動詞が必要です。単に psychology であれば、「勉強する」の意の learn や study も可能です。 3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 If we _______ to the store last week, we wouldn't have missed the sale. (A) were to go (B) had gone (C) would go (D) have gone 訳：もし先週にその店に行っていれば、セールを逃さなかったのに。 ※正解(B)。仮定法過去完了。wouldn't have missed は「あの時」のニュアンスを持っているので、If ... の節も「もしあの時」の意味を持たねばならず、過去完了の形になります。 4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The manager wanted the new secretary _______ the letters by 5:00. (A) will finish (B) finishing (C) could finish (D) to finish 訳：支配人は新しい秘書に 5 時までに手紙を書き終えてほしかった。 ※正解(D)。want ＋人＋ to ... の形で、「人に…してほしい」の意味。want はふつう that 節を伴うことはないので(A)や(C)は誤り。特に(A)では時制も合っていません。want ＋目的語＋ ...ing の形は通例否定文で用います。 5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 We suggest that you get in touch _______ our Dallas office on that. (A) to (B) by (C) with (D) for 訳：その件については、当社のダラス支店に連絡を取られることをお勧めします。 ※正解(C)。「…と連絡をとる」（＝ contact）の意味になる熟語を考えます。in touch の部分が「連絡を取り合って」の意味を作っています。他に keep in touch with ...「…と連絡を続ける」等も知っておくとよいでしょう。 6. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 We are writing to _______ that the renewal date has been extended. (A) have reminded you (B) remind to you (C) remind you (D) reminding you 訳：更新時期が延長されたことの確認のためのお手紙を差し上げています。 ※正解(C)。have reminded you は時制が不自然。"to" の後ろはこの文では原形でなければならず、reminding you は不可。remind「思い出させる」の語法が問題。 7. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 If I had been there I could have _______. (A) been help (B) helped (C) helping (D) helpful 訳：もし私がそこにいたら、手伝うことができたのに。 ※正解(B)。If I had been という if 節から、主節は過去の事実に反する仮定を表す仮定法過去完了の文になることに注目します。この用法はという形を取ります。正解は、(B) の過去分詞 helped です。 (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 Proponents of cosmetic surgery construe it ----- an effective solution to problems of low self esteem. (A) for (B) to (C) as (D) of ※正解(C)。【解説】 construe〜as ... で「〜を…ｂ…と解釈する」の意味になる。proponent「支持者」、self esteem「自尊心」。 2. 空所補充問題 According to the theory of economic "hollowing", a nation's economy is weakened when it ----- greater growth in service industries than in manufacturing industries. (A) experience (B) experiences (C) to experience (D) experiencing ※正解(B)。【解説】 空所にはwhen節の動詞が入ることになるので(B) experiencesが正解となる。hollowing「空洞化」。 3. 空所補充問題 Scientists now believe that somewhere on earth there ----- a catastrophic impact with an asteroid about 65 million years ago. (A) must (B) must be (C) must have (D) must have been ※正解(D)。【解説】 文末のabout 65 million years agoからわかるように空所には過去の出来事を表す語句が入るはずである。(D) must have beenを空所に入れれば「隕石による壊滅的な衝突があったに違いない」という意味になる。 4. 空所補充問題 The first sporting event to be filmed was a boxing match ----- Jack Cushing and Mike Leonard in 1894, shot by Thomas Edison himself. (A) in (B) over (C) through (D) between ※正解(D)。【解説】 空所の後にandを挟んでJack CushingとMike Leonardが並んでいる点に注目。正解は(D) betweenである。 5. 空所補充問題 The pristine waters of Antarctica were fouled by an oil spill in 1989 for the first time ----- history. (A) on (B) in (C) at (D) of ※正解(B)。【解説】 for the first time in historyで「歴史上で初めて」の意味になる。pristine「自然のままの、原始時代の」、foul「汚す」。 6. 正誤問題 (A)For obvious reasons, it is considered (B)unethical for a student to have someone else (C)to write his or her term (D)papers. ※正解(C)。【解説】 to write → write/writing。前置詞for、unethical「非倫理的な」の用法に問題はない。「have+人+動詞原形」で「（人に）させる、してもらう」の意味になるのでtoは必要ない。この場合のpaper「レポート、論文」は可算名詞である。 7. 正誤問題 Trees are (A)the important part of the ecosystem, (B)since (C)they absorb the carbon dioxide (D)emitted by animals, and emit the oxygen animals need. ※正解(A)。【解説】 the → an。「一部分」を表す場合にはthe part ofではなくa part ofを用いる。接続詞since、treesを受けるtheyの用法に問題はない。emitted by ... の前にはthat/which isが略されている。ecosystem「生態系」、carbon dioxide「二酸化炭素」、emit「放出する」。 8. 正誤問題 (A)Almost doctors recommend (B)that patients avoid (C)indulging in smoking, excessive drinking and (D)a diet high in salt, sugar and fat. ※正解(A)。【解説】 Almost → Most。文頭のAlmostに注目。「ほとんどの ... は」と言う場合には、AlmostではなくMostを用いる。indulge in ... 「……にふける、おぼれる」。 9. 正誤問題 Ancient Greek (A)chronicler Herodotus traveled (B)to the far (C)reaches of the known world of the time and recorded (D)vast amount of information. ※正解(D)。【解説】 vast → a vast。chronicler「年代記作者」、traveled to ... 「 ……に旅した」に問題はない。この場合のreachは名詞でfar reachesで「はるか彼方」の意味。amount「量」は可算名詞なのでvastの前には冠詞aが必要である。 10. 正誤問題 Numerologists claim to (A)be able to judge character and (B)foretelling the future (C)through mathematical analysis of (D)known events. ※正解(B)。【解説】 foretelling → foretell。be able toに問題はない。foretellingはjudge同様be able toの後に続いているのでここではforetellingではなく原形foretellを用いる。throughは「……によって」、knownは「既知の」という意味。numerologists「数占い師」。 II.時事英文 Mourners Pay Final Respects to Kennedy (その3；全5回シリーズ) President Barack Obama will deliver a eulogy on Saturday at a funeral Mass at a Boston basilica before the senator's burial at Arlington National Cemetery near Washington. John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum Tributes poured in Wednesday for Kennedy. Speaking from Martha's Vineyard, a seaside resort near Kennedy's Massachusetts home, Mr. Obama said Kennedy helped make the nation more equal and just. The nation's first African-American president said Kennedy's ideas and ideals are in scores of laws and reflected in the lives of millions of people. III - a. 雑知識
III -b. 英語でどう言う？ 貯金箱に小遣いをためる put one's allowance into one's piggy bank 【例文】My 7-year-old son loves to put his allowance into his piggy bank. 家計簿をつける keep a record of household expenses 【例文】My wife keeps a record of household expenses every day. 節電する save on electricity 【例文】I try to9 save on electricity by making sure to turn off the lights when I leave the room. ポイントカードを提示する present one's point card 【例文】When you present your pointy card at the checkout, you get one point for every ￥100 you spend. III-c Phrases in the News 潜伏期間 incubation period ※The virus has an incubation period of several days, so it should come as no surprise if infected people slip past the quarantine checks. ※そのウイルスには潜伏期間が数日あるので、感染した人々が検疫をすり抜けても決して不思議ではない。 IV. Jokes a. My seven-year-old son, Matthew, was so impressed when he saw an ad for a new cleaning tool that made the woman on TV sing and dance across the living room, he begged me to buy one. When we got home, he ripped it out of the package and started dusting. After five minutes he handed it to me, saying, "It doesn't work. I don't want to dance." b. Unfortunately, getting a new passport required a new photo. As I handed my ten-year-old passport and the new picture to the clerk, I sighed. "I like the original better," I told her. "Trust me," she said. "Ten years from now, you'll like this one." c. Here's a tip. Make sure your wife knows you're talking to a cat under her chair begging for food before you say, "You know you're already twice as fat as you should be." d. I couldn't help caves-dropping on the women in the next booth at the dinner. "My daughter found bedbugs," one said. "I heard you can get rid of them if you wash everything in eucalyptus oil," said another. "Year," joked a third, "but then you have a koala bear problem." e. My friend's 90-minute commute was awful - the time spent in traffic was spending him over the edge. So I was happy when he found a new job closer to home. "That's great," I said. "What are you doing now?" "I'm a bus driver." f. My four-year-old, Sophie, kept spinning tall tales. So I told her the story of the boy who cried wolf. "He kept telling the villagers a wolf was about to attack but there was no wolf at all." I explained. "Wasn't that naughty?" "Oh, yes!" she said. "And then when there really was a wolf, ate him up." I looked down at her to see if she got the point. She seemed deep in thought, then looked up at me and said, "I was eaten by a wolf once, you know." g. "Do you know what I just heard?" said my husband, Raymond, looking up from the TV. "Researchers in Brazil have discovered a new use of coffee. They've figured out a way to use the beans to make biofuel." He paused. "I guess that means someday we'll pull up at the petrol pump and have to choose between regular and decaf." |