資料No. : NS090909
I-1 TOEIC, TOEFL練習問題 (1) TOEIC 1. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The sight was simply _______. (A) with magnificence (B) magnificent (C) magnificently (D) magnificence 2. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Are you sure that he's pronouncing it _______? (A) proper (B) with properness (C) proper way (D) properly 3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 He was _______ than I thought. (A) impression (B) greatly impressive (C) more impressive (D) greater impression 4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 When would they have _______ to see it? (A) to been (B) able to be (C) been able (D) able 5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Behind the current economic strength _______ the concern over exchange rates. (A) will lurk (B) lurking (C) has lurked (D) lurks 6. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 We should try very _______ to improve our relationship with our customers. (A) hardly (B) probably (C) hard (D) possible 7. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 There is a 3% _______ if you order more than 100. (A) reduce (B) discount (C) cheaper (D) inexpensive 8. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The man --- is feeding carps in the pond is my uncle. (A) what (B) he (C) who (D) his 9. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Those who wish to --- business with our firm must fill out this form. (A) transact (B) translate (C) transport (D) transfer 10. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 One of the old cars --- to pass regular inspection. (A) found (B) failed (C) missed (D) faulted 11. Part VI; Error Recognition練習問題 The tree was much too (A)high to (B)reach the (C)top without (D)using a ladder. 12. Part VI; Error Recognition練習問題 A (A)good way to learn (B)for a country (C)is to study (D)its language. 13. Part VI; Error Recognition練習問題 (A)When I'm (B)thirsty (C)between meals, I (D)munch on cookies. 訳:食間に空腹を覚えると、わたしはクッキーを食べる。 (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 During a period of about 50 years ----- began in 450 A.D., three tribes, the Jutes, the Angles and the Saxons, conquered most of England. (A) it (B) when (C) that (D) whose 2. 空所補充問題 After years of rapid growth, Thailand's economy suffered a series of crises in 1998 that were related to -----. (A) a wave of Asia-wide currency devaluation (B) Asia-wide of a wave of currency devaluation (C) a currency devaluation of the Asia-wide wave (D) of an Asia-wide wave currency devaluation 3. 空所補充問題 In a commodity exchange, buyers and sellers of contracts related to the production and ----- of goods come together in a central marketplace. (A) delivering (B) delivered (C) deliver (D) delivery 4. 空所補充問題 The Nobel prizes were suspended ----- 1940 due to the chaotic international situation. (A) on (B) of (C) in (D) as 5. 空所補充問題 The fictional story of Robinson Crusoe was based on the true story of Alexander Selkirk, a castaway who succeeded ----- himself for years on a deserted island. (A) in sheltering and feeding (B) to shelter and to feed (C) at shelter and of feeding (D) of sheltering and feeding 6. 正誤問題 Many (A)philosophy, theologians and other thinkers have said (B)that the most satisfied person is one (C)whose desires are limited (D)to the basic necessities that sustain life. 7. 正誤問題 (A)Sharks attacks are (B)more frequent in the early dawn and (C)at twilight hours, when the light conditions make floating swimmers more conspicuous (D)to the fish. 8. 正誤問題 (A)Due to variations in air pressure, the boiling temperature of water is higher (B)at sea level (C)then (D)it is at greater altitudes. 9. 正誤問題 Esperanto is (A)an artificial language (B)whose grammar is based (C)in Latin and (D)other European languages. 10. 正誤問題 Politicians must (A)constantly risk (B)to lose political capital (C)as a consequence of maintaining high ethical (D)standards. I-2 TOEIC, TOEFL練習問題解答 (1) TOEIC 1. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The sight was simply _______. (A) with magnificence (B) magnificent (C) magnificently (D) magnificence 訳:その眺めは実に見事だった。 ※正解(B)。第2文型の文で、空所に主語の補語となる語が入ることになります。前に副詞の simply があるので (A) with magnificence という副詞句や、副詞の (C) magnificently、(D) の名詞 magnificence「壮大さ」は不適切です。形容詞である (B) の magnificent「見事な」 が正解となります。 2. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Are you sure that he's pronouncing it _______? (A) proper (B) with properness (C) proper way (D) properly 訳:本当に彼はそれを正しく発音していると思いますか? ※正解(D)。that 以下の従属節の動詞 pronounce を修飾する副詞が入ります。(A) proper には副詞の意味もありますが、「完全に、ひどく」という意味で文意が合いません。正解は (D) の副詞の properly「適切に」です。accurately を用いても同様の意味になります。 3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 He was _______ than I thought. (A) impression (B) greatly impressive (C) more impressive (D) greater impression 訳:思っていたより彼には感銘を受けた。 ※正解(C)。比較級の基本的用法は<形容詞・副詞の比較級+than 〜>となります。そうすると、まず最初に (A) や (B) は消去されます。(D) は文型上、He = impression ではないので不適切であることに気づくでしょう。形容詞 impressive に more をつけて比較級を表している (C) が正解となります。 4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 When would they have _______ to see it? (A) to been (B) able to be (C) been able (D) able 訳:彼らはいつそれを見ることができたのでしょうか? ※正解(C)。would と have をヒントに仮定法過去完了であることがわかります。の形で「過去の事柄に関する不確実な推量」を表します。正解は (C) の been able で、「たぶん見られなかっただろう」という含みをもつ反語的な意味になります。 5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Behind the current economic strength _______ the concern over exchange rates. (A) will lurk (B) lurking (C) has lurked (D) lurks 訳:現在の経済の強さの裏には為替レートに関する不安が潜んでいる。 ※正解(D)。"The concern over exchange rates ( ) behind the current economic strength."の倒置と考えればよい。 ( ) の中には動詞が入ることが容易に分かるはず。will lurk は時制が問題。has lurked も意味上不自然。 6. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 We should try very _______ to improve our relationship with our customers. (A) hardly (B) probably (C) hard (D) possible 訳:私たちは顧客との関係を向上させるために一所懸命に努めねばなりません。 ※正解(C)。probably「おそらく」は意味上、possible「可能な」は意味と構文上不可。hardly は否定の副詞で、「まず…ではない」の意味。 7. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 There is a 3% _______ if you order more than 100. (A) reduce (B) discount (C) cheaper (D) inexpensive 訳:100 個以上ご注文の場合には 3% の割引があります。 ※正解(B)。a があるところから「値引き、割引」の意味の名詞が入ることが分かるはずです。reduce は「削減する、低下させる」の意味の動詞。cheaper は形容詞 cheap(「安い」の意味で、inexpensive と同義)の比較級。 8. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The man --- is feeding carps in the pond is my uncle. (A) what (B) he (C) who (D) his 訳:池で鯉に餌をやっている男の人は、僕の叔父です。 ※正解(C)。関係代名詞主格whoが入る。feed「(動物などに)食物(餌)を与える」 9. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Those who wish to --- business with our firm must fill out this form. (A) transact (B) translate (C) transport (D) transfer 訳:弊社との取引を望まれる方は、この用紙にご記入を。 ※正解(A)。fill out「(書式・文書などに)所用の書き込みをする」(A) transact「(業務・取引などを)する」(B) translate「(〜を〜に)翻訳する」(C) transport「(〜を)運ぶ、輸送する」(D) transfer「(〜を)移す、転任(校)する」 10. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 One of the old cars --- to pass regular inspection. (A) found (B) failed (C) missed (D) faulted 訳:中古車のうち一台が、車検で引っかかった。 ※正解(B)。(B) fail to「(〜し)そこなう、(〜し)ない」(C) miss「(〜を)見逃がす」(D) fault [通例否定文・疑問文で用いて]「(〜の)あら捜しをする、けちをつける」 11. Part VI; Error Recognition練習問題 The tree was much too (A)high to (B)reach the (C)top without (D)using a ladder. 訳:木が高すぎて、はしごがなかったらてっぺんには届かなかった。 ※正解(A)。high → tall。(A)「(木・建物など細長く)高い」のはtallを用いる。 12. Part VI; Error Recognition練習問題 A (A)good way to learn (B)for a country (C)is to study (D)its language. 訳:ある国について学ぶには、そこで話される言葉を習うのがいい方法の一つだろう。 ※正解(B)。for → about。(B)「〜について学ぶ」はlearn about ... 13. Part VI; Error Recognition練習問題 (A)When I'm (B)thirsty (C)between meals, I (D)munch on cookies. 訳:食間に空腹を覚えると、わたしはクッキーを食べる。 ※正解(B)。thirsty → hungry。(B)「空腹で」はhungry(D) munch「(食べ物を)むしゃむしゃ食う」[+on, at]「(〜を)むしゃむしゃ食べる」 (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 During a period of about 50 years ----- began in 450 A.D., three tribes, the Jutes, the Angles and the Saxons, conquered most of England. (A) it (B) when (C) that (D) whose ※正解(C)。【解説】 three tribes... the Saxonsがこの文の主語、動詞がconqueredである。空所にitを入れると主語と動詞がダブることになる。when、whoseが使えないのは明らか。正解は関係代名詞thatである。 2. 空所補充問題 After years of rapid growth, Thailand's economy suffered a series of crises in 1998 that were related to -----. (A) a wave of Asia-wide currency devaluation (B) Asia-wide of a wave of currency devaluation (C) a currency devaluation of the Asia-wide wave (D) of an Asia-wide wave currency devaluation ※正解(A)。【解説】 空所の前のtoは前置詞なので、その後には名詞が来るはずである。このことから形容詞Asia-wideと前置詞ofで始まる(B)と(D)は除外できる。(C)ではAsia-wide wave「アジア全体に渡る波」とcurrency devaluation「通貨切り下げ」がうまく繋がらない。正解は(A)「アジア全体に渡る通貨切り下げの波」である。 3. 空所補充問題 In a commodity exchange, buyers and sellers of contracts related to the production and ----- of goods come together in a central marketplace. (A) delivering (B) delivered (C) deliver (D) delivery ※正解(D)。【解説】 空所の前に名詞productionが使われている点に注目。このproductionと空所の語はその後に続くofにかかっているので、ここでは名詞delivery「配達」を使う。commodity「商品」、marketplace「市場」。 4. 空所補充問題 The Nobel prizes were suspended ----- 1940 due to the chaotic international situation. (A) on (B) of (C) in (D) as ※正解(C)。【解説】 suspend「見合わせる、一時中止する」の意味こだわる必要はない。in 1940で「1940年に」の意味になる。 5. 空所補充問題 The fictional story of Robinson Crusoe was based on the true story of Alexander Selkirk, a castaway who succeeded ----- himself for years on a deserted island. (A) in sheltering and feeding (B) to shelter and to feed (C) at shelter and of feeding (D) of sheltering and feeding ※正解(A)。【解説】 succeed「……に成功する」という意味でこの後に動詞を続ける場合には、succeed+前置詞in+動名詞にする。この形になっているのは(A)である。castaway「漂流者」。 6. 正誤問題 Many (A)philosophy, theologians and other thinkers have said (B)that the most satisfied person is one (C)whose desires are limited (D)to the basic necessities that sustain life. ※正解(A)。【解説】 philosophy → philosophers。philosophyの後にtheologians「神学者」、thinkers「思想家」と人が来ているので、それに合わせてphilosophy「哲学」もphilosophers「哲学者」にしなくてはいけない。sustain「維持する」。 7. 正誤問題 (A)Sharks attacks are (B)more frequent in the early dawn and (C)at twilight hours, when the light conditions make floating swimmers more conspicuous (D)to the fish. ※正解(A)。【解説】 Sharks → Shark。「鮫の攻撃」と言う場合には、複数形ではなく単数形Sharkを用いる。比較級more frequent、前置詞at、toの用法に問題はない。 8. 正誤問題 (A)Due to variations in air pressure, the boiling temperature of water is higher (B)at sea level (C)then (D)it is at greater altitudes. ※正解(C)。【解説】 then → than。これは比較級の文である。ならばhigherの後にはthanが来るはずである。altitude「高度、標高」。 9. 正誤問題 Esperanto is (A)an artificial language (B)whose grammar is based (C)in Latin and (D)other European languages. ※正解(C)。【解説】 in → on。冠詞an、関係代名詞whoseの用法に誤りはない。be based「……に基づく」の後に来る前置詞はinではなくonである。other European languages「他のヨーロッパの言語」。 10. 正誤問題 Politicians must (A)constantly risk (B)to lose political capital (C)as a consequence of maintaining high ethical (D)standards. ※正解(B)。【解説】 to lose → losing。動詞riskはその後に動名詞を続けて「あえて……する」という意味を表すので、to loseをlosingにすればいい。副詞constantly、前置詞as... 「……として」、複数形standardsの用法に問題はない。 II.時事英文 Mourners Pay Final Respects to Kennedy (その1;全5回シリーズ) The flag draped casket of Sen. Edward M. Kennedy arrives in the lobby of the John F. Kennedy Presidential Library in Boston, 27 Aug 2009 Mourners from all walks of life are filing past the coffin of U.S. Senator Edward Kennedy to pay their respects to the champion of liberalism and the last member of a generation of Kennedy political leaders. Members of the public began lining up hours before the doors opened Thursday evening to view the flag-draped coffin at the presidential library and museum of the late senator's brother, slain President John F. Kennedy. III - a. 雑知識
III -b. 英語でどう言う? 熱唱する sing enthusiastically 【例文】Yuka sang "Can You Celebrate?" enthusiastically at her friend's wedding reception. (人前で)あがる get stage fright 【例文】I always get stage fright when I make a speech in front of a large number of people. 拍手喝采を浴びる get applause 【例文】Taro got applause for his guitar performance. 紙吹雪を浴びせる throw confetti 【例文】Family and friends threw confetti at the newlywed couple. III-c Phrases in the News 派遣(臨時)労働者 temporary worker ※Several labor unions and volunteer aid organizations cooked meals and provided tent shelters for the many temporary workers who had suddenly been laid off from their jobs. ※突然解雇された大勢の派遣労働者のために、複数の労働組合やボランティアの救援組織が食事を作り、避難テントを提供した。 IV. Jokes a. Q: How many divorced men does it take to change a light bulb? A: Who cares? They never get the house anyway. b. After moving into his flat, Ed complained about his neighbors to his mum. "One woman cries all day, another moans, and then there's the guy who keeps banging his head against the wall." "You better keep away from them," she said. "I am. I stay inside all day playing my tuba." c. Doing rounds, a new nurse overheard the surgeon yelling, "Typhoid! Measles! Tetanus!" "Why does he keep doing that?" she asked a colleague. "Oh, he just likes to call the shots around here." d. "I've got the biggest sheep farm in the state," a farmer boasted to his neighbor. "Oh, yeah? How many sheep do you have?" "I don't know. Every time I try to count them, I fall asleep." e. A driver who was speeding was pulled over by a police officer. After the interrogation, the driver admitted he was a murderer and that he had hidden a gun and a body in the boot. The worried police officer radioed the station for help. In no time at all, a police squad came. The police chief asked him to open the boot. The driver complied. After a thorough check, they were unable to find anything. The baffled police chief apologized. "I'm sorry we had to do this, but our officer told us you have a gun and a body in the boot." "Oh, that fool!" said the driver. "I bet he told you I was speeding, too!" |