資料No. : NS090902
I-1 TOEIC, TOEFL練習問題 (1) TOEIC 1. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The key to our future success _______ increased productivity. (A) depends (B) had to be (C) will be (D) is likely 2. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Not only her children but also her mother _______ in the park. (A) was (B) have been (C) being (D) were 3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Are you sure we ought _______ this on the air later tonight? (A) to show (B) to be shown (C) have shown (D) show 4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 He asked me to check all _______ major hotels while I was there. (A) a (B) an (C) the (D) some 5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Show me that report when he _______ out of the room. (A) goes (B) will go (C) is gone (D) went 6. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 These _______ distributed at next week's meeting. (A) were (B) have been (C) will (D) are being 7. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 I'm sorry we were so late. The train was _______. (A) been delayed (B) delay (C) delayed (D) delaying 8. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The incorrect answers in this test are to be --- with an X. (A) pointed (B) lined (C) marked (D) write 9. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The book I ordered a week ago has --- not arrived. (A) too (B) still (C) but (D) then 10. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The man --- is feeding carps in the pond is my uncle. (A) what (B) he (C) who (D) his 11. Part VI; Error Recognition練習問題 Paul is a (A)thinking boy and is (B)always careful (C)to clean up after (D)himself. 12. Part VI; Error Recognition練習問題 If you are (A)certainly that you are (B)correct, then (C)don't (D)compromise. 13. Part VI; Error Recognition練習問題 Before (A)leave your home (B)for vacation, (C)be sure to turn off all (D)electrical appliances. (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 Kenneth Starr was an American lawyer ----- rose to prominence during his investigation of then President Bill Clinton in the late 1990s. (A) he (B) who (C) they (D) it 2. 2. 空所補充問題 In grammatical terms, a transitive verb ----- the passive or active voice. (A) may be used in either (B) to be used in either may (C) used in either may be to (D) to either may be used in 3. 空所補充問題 The population of London ----- 1 million for the first time in 1811. (A) got (B) arrived (C) achieved (D) reached 4. 空所補充問題 The work of major Victorian poet Gerard Manley Hopkins ----- until 1918. (A) virtually unknown was (B) unknown was virtually (C) was virtually unknown (D) unknown virtually was 5. 空所補充問題 Archaeologists ----- for the intact skeletons of extinct wooly mammoths buried under frozen tundra often use hair driers to thaw the surrounding ground. (A) search (B) searching (C) they search (D) to be searched 6. 正誤問題 The first nonstop (A)round-the-world flight (B)relied on in-flight (C)refueling and (D)takes 94 hours, 1 minute. 7. 正誤問題 In 1937, broadcasters (A)honored Guglielmo Marconi, (B)inventor of the radio, (C)let the airwaves (D)fall silent for two minutes. 8. 正誤問題 The long dispute (A)between the Northern and Southern United States (B)over whether slavery should continue (C)came to (D)head after the Mexican War ended in 1848. 9. 正誤問題 In 1966, Poland celebrated (A)the1,000th anniversary of (B)its (C)found and conversion (D)to Christianity. 10. 正誤問題 (A)After more calories (B)than necessary are ingested, the body stores the energy in fat cells, (C)that can be metabolized (D)when needed. I-2 TOEIC, TOEFL練習問題解答 (1) TOEIC 1. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The key to our future success _______ increased productivity. (A) depends (B) had to be (C) will be (D) is likely 訳:当社の将来的な成功の鍵は生産性の向上です。 ※正解(C)。depends「…に拠る」を使う時は、Our future success depends on increased productivity. likely は「たぶん」の意味では、通常 very または most を伴います。「…しそうだ」の意味では、be likely to ... または be likely that ...です。 2. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Not only her children but also her mother _______ in the park. (A) was (B) have been (C) being (D) were 訳:彼女の子供たちだけでなく、彼女の母親もその公園にいた。 ※正解(A)。not only 〜 but also ... 「〜だけでなく…もまた」が主語の位置にある場合、動詞は ... に一致させます。したがって、ここでは her mother に呼応する、(A) の was が正解です。 3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Are you sure we ought _______ this on the air later tonight? (A) to show (B) to be shown (C) have shown (D) show 訳:これを今晩遅くに放送するべきだと本当に思いますか? ※正解(A)。ought は後ろにがくるので (C)、(D) は不適切です。(B) は受動態で、「〜されるべきだ」という意味。 4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 He asked me to check all _______ major hotels while I was there. (A) a (B) an (C) the (D) some 訳:そこにいる間に、すべての一流ホテルを調べるように彼に頼まれた。 ※正解(C)。で、その名詞の指すものすべてを表します。したがって、正解は (C) です。all は the の前にくるという語順に注意してください。 5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Show me that report when he _______ out of the room. (A) goes (B) will go (C) is gone (D) went 訳:彼が部屋から出ていったら、そのレポートを見せてよ。 ※正解(A)。彼が「部屋から出ていく」のは未来のことですが、when を使った「時」を表す副詞節の中では、未来のことでも現在形で表します。したがって、正解は (A) になります。I don't know when he will come back.「彼がいつ帰るかわかりません」など、名詞節のときは未来形を使いますから、注意しましょう。 6. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 These _______ distributed at next week's meeting. (A) were (B) have been (C) will (D) are being 訳:これは来週の会議で配布されます。 ※正解(D)。「来週の会議で」という未来の内容を表す副詞句がヒントです。(A) の過去形や (B) の現在完了では不適切です。また、(C) の未来を表す助動詞 will の後には distributed はきません。正解は (D) で、受動態の進行形で未来を表しています。 7. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 I'm sorry we were so late. The train was _______. (A) been delayed (B) delay (C) delayed (D) delaying 訳:遅れてすみません。電車が遅れたんです。 ※正解(C)。delay は「遅らせる」という意味の他動詞です。ここでは the train が主語なので受動態になります。(A) や (B) では直前の be 動詞の was につながりません。 8. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The incorrect answers in this test are to be --- with an X. (A) pointed (B) lined (C) marked (D) write 訳:このテストでは、誤答に×の印が付けられる。 ※正解(C)。(A) point「指示する」(C) mark [+ with]「(〜に〜で)印をつける」 9. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The book I ordered a week ago has --- not arrived. (A) too (B) still (C) but (D) then 訳:一週間前に注文した本が、まだ届かない。 ※正解(B)。(B) still「まだ、今でも」物事が予期していた以上に長く続いているときに用いられる。いらだちを含む。 10. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The man --- is feeding carps in the pond is my uncle. (A) what (B) he (C) who (D) his 訳:池で鯉に餌をやっている男の人は、僕の叔父です。 ※正解(C)。関係代名詞主格whoが入る。feed「(動物などに)食物(餌)を与える」 11. Part VI; Error Recognition練習問題 Paul is a (A)thinking boy and is (B)always careful (C)to clean up after (D)himself. 訳:ポールは思慮深くて、自分で後始末をきちんとします。 ※正解(A)。thinking → thoughtful。(A) thoughtful「思慮に富んだ、思いやりのある」(C) clean up after「(自分が散らかしたあとを)かたづける」 12. Part VI; Error Recognition練習問題 If you are (A)certainly that you are (B)correct, then (C)don't (D)compromise. 訳:自分が絶対正しいと思うなら妥協するな。 ※正解(A)。certainly → certain。(A) certainly「確かに、きっと間違いなく」certain [+ (that)]「(〜ということを)確かだと思う」(D) compromise「(紛争を)示談にする」[+ with, +on]「(人と〜のことで)妥協する」 13. Part VI; Error Recognition練習問題 Before (A)leave your home (B)for vacation, (C)be sure to turn off all (D)electrical appliances. 訳:休暇で家を空けるまえに、必ずすべての電気器具のスイッチをきってくださいね。 ※正解(A)。leave → leaving。(A) befor ...ingのように前置詞のあとには、(代)名詞、動名詞がくる。(C) be sure to「必ず〜してください」(D) electrical「電気を用いた」appliance「(とくに、家庭用の)器具、電気製品」 (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 Kenneth Starr was an American lawyer ----- rose to prominence during his investigation of then President Bill Clinton in the late 1990s. (A) he (B) who (C) they (D) it ※正解(B)。【解説】 he、they、itでは前後の文が繋がらない。関係代名詞whoを使えばいい。rise to prominence「有名 2. 空所補充問題 In grammatical terms, a transitive verb ----- the passive or active voice. (A) may be used in either (B) to be used in either may (C) used in either may be to (D) to either may be used in ※正解(A)。【解説】 空所にはこの文の動詞が入る。したがって、to不定詞の(B)と(D)は不可。(C)の語順は明らかにおかしい。正解は(A)である。transitive verb「他動詞」。 3. 空所補充問題 The population of London ----- 1 million for the first time in 1811. (A) got (B) arrived (C) achieved (D) reached ※正解(D)。【解説】 「……に達した」という意味にするにはreachを使う。get、arriveともに前置詞が必要である。achieveは「達成する、成し遂げる」という意味。 4. 空所補充問題 The work of major Victorian poet Gerard Manley Hopkins ----- until 1918. (A) virtually unknown was (B) unknown was virtually (C) was virtually unknown (D) unknown virtually was ※正解(C)。【解説】 was knownの語順にすることはすぐに分かるだろう。副詞virtually「ほとんど」の位置は? 過去分詞knownの前である。 5. 空所補充問題 Archaeologists ----- for the intact skeletons of extinct wooly mammoths buried under frozen tundra often use hair driers to thaw the surrounding ground. (A) search (B) searching (C) they search (D) to be searched ※正解(B)。【解説】 この文の動詞はuseである。したがって、searchは使えない。they searchを使うと主語がダブってしまう。to be searched forでは意味が通らない。正解は、分詞searchingである。archaeologist「考古学者」、intact「損なわれていない」、tundra「ツンドラ」。 6. 正誤問題 The first nonstop (A)round-the-world flight (B)relied on in-flight (C)refueling and (D)takes 94 hours, 1 minute. ※正解(D)。【解説】 takes → took。reliedからも分かるようにこれは過去形の文である。takesをtookにしなければいけ 7. 正誤問題 In 1937, broadcasters (A)honored Guglielmo Marconi, (B)inventor of the radio, (C)let the airwaves (D)fall silent for two minutes. ※正解(C)。【解説】 let → letting。honoredはこの文の主語である。この場合inventorの前の冠詞は必要ない。letのままでは動詞が2つあることになる。ここはlettingと分詞構文にする。let... fallになっているので、fallは原形のままでいい。 8. 正誤問題 The long dispute (A)between the Northern and Southern United States (B)over whether slavery should continue (C)came to (D)head after the Mexican War ended in 1848. ※正解(D)。【解説】 head → a head。前置詞betweenとoverの用法に問題はない。come to a headで「山場を迎える」の 9. 正誤問題 In 1966, Poland celebrated (A)the1,000th anniversary of (B)its (C)found and conversion (D)to Christianity. ※正解(C)。【解説】 found → founding。【解説】冠詞theに問題はない。itsはPolandを受けている。foundはここではfoundingにしなければ「建国、創建」の意味にはならない。conversion to... 「……への改宗、転換」。 10. 正誤問題 (A)After more calories (B)than necessary are ingested, the body stores the energy in fat cells, (C)that can be metabolized (D)when needed. ※正解(C)。【解説】 that → which。難しい構文だが、関係代名詞のthatに注目。その前にカンマがあるので、thatではなくwhichを用いる。ingest「摂取する」、metabolize「新陳代謝させる」。 II.時事英文 Vitamins (その15;15回シリーズ) Vitamins are important to our health. A lack of required vitamins can lead to health problems. Different vitamins are found in different foods -- grains, vegetables and fruits, fish and meat, eggs and milk products. And even foods that contain the same vitamins may have them in different amounts. Experts say this is why it is important to eat a mixture of foods every day, to get enough of the vitamins our bodies need. III - a. 雑知識
III -b. 英語でどう言う? コロッケを作る make croquettes 【例文】I taught my American friend how to make croquettes. プリンを食べる eat custard puddings 【例文】We ate custard puddings for dessert. ココアを飲む drink hot chocolate 【例文】My wife drinks hot chocolate every morning because coffee disagrees with her. シュークリームを買う buy some cream puffs 【例文】I bought some cream puffs for my children on my way home from work. III-c Phrases in the News 後期高齢者 "later-stage" seniors ※Many elderly people risked losing their medical coverage after falling behind in their premium payments under a new health insurance program targeted specifically at so-called "later-stage" seniors, or people aged 75 or over. ※75歳以上のいわゆる後期高齢者を対象とした新しい保険制度では、保険料の支払いが滞っている高齢者の多くは、医療保障を失う危険性があった。 IV. Jokes a. Librarians can usually help patrons find any book they want. Unfortunately, here are two requests I could do nothing about. - A book on Cleopatra: "Must have photos." - The play Romeo and Juliet: "The edition with Leonardo Dicaprio." b. Think your job is tough? Try being a phone operator. - Caller: "I've been dialing 700-1100 for two days and can't get through to a store salesman." Operator: "Where did you get that number?" Caller: "It was on the door." Operator: "Those are our hours." c. My husband, an auto mechanic, was on the kidney transplant list, and as you can imagine, it was a tense time for our family. But one day, the phone rang and our teenage son answered, It was the hospital with good news. "Dad." he yelled excitedly. "Your parts are in!" d. "Will the party who lost $5ooo with a yellow rubber band around it please come to the information booth," said a voice over the airport PA system. The announcement certainly got my attention. Then the voice added, "We have your yellow rubber band." e. Down at the retirement home, two old men have been playing bridge together for years. They are starting to get a bit forgetful. During a hand, one man looks up and says, "I realize we've known each other a long time, but I can't for the life of me remember your name, What is it again?" There is a long embarrassed silence, then the other man says, "How soon do you need to know?" |