資料No. : NS090826
I-1 TOEIC, TOEFL練習問題 (1) TOEIC 1. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 You'd better hit the _______ if you want to pass that exam. (A) roof (B) bottle (C) books (D) road 2. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Come on, we've finished now. Let's call it a _______. (A) day (B) spade (C) completion (D) job 3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 To _______ matters worse, we can't do anything till next week. (A) produce (B) make (C) do (D) infuriate 4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 It was difficult at first but now I've got the _______ of it. (A) art (B) technique (C) way (D) hang 5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 We'll have to get rid of him sooner or _______. (A) later (B) better (C) after (D) not 6. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 I know him by _______ but I've never spoken to him. (A) seeing (B) mistake (C) sight (D) chance 7. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 With this recession our sales are going from bad to _______. (A) bad (B) worse (C) terrible (D) the worst 8. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 His --- of the accident showed what had happened. (A) analyze (B) antique (C) analogue (D) analysis 9. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 My --- at the Country Tennis Club is due for renewal. (A) belongings (B) membership (C) joining (D) attendance 10. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Does your car seat five people --- ? (A) comfortably (B) comfortable (C) easy (D) for case 11. Part VI; Error Recognition練習問題 Jane used to (A)put a little sugar to her (B)coffee, but (C)doesn't (D)anymore. 12. Part VI; Error Recognition練習問題 I wish (A)that I (B)had more (C)times to get my work (D)finished. 13. Part VI; Error Recognition練習問題 There (A)are a (B)need for French speaking (C)volunteers at the (D)Olympics. (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 If structural steel had been used to reinforce the dam, it ----- less likely to fail in an earthquake. (A) will be (B) is (C) would have been (D) be 2. 空所補充問題 The musical genre represented by religious songs known as spirituals emerged ----- the experience of African Americans during the era of slavery. (A) upon (B) as with (C) away with (D) out of 3. 空所補充問題 Saturn, the sixth planet from the Sun, is the second -----. (A) larger (B) largest (C) large (D) largely 4. 空所補充問題 The original habitat of the Indian tribes that banded together ----- the Abnaki confederacy included Maine and parts of New Brunswick and Quebec. (A) formed (B) to form (C) had formed (D) did form 5. 空所補充問題 Willa Cather, ----- her novels about Nebraska and the American Southwest, is considered by many to have been one of America's best novelists. (A) being for best known (B) for best knowing (C) best known for (D) being known best 6. 正誤問題 Water (A)says to (B)be 'softened' (C)when minerals are removed (D)from so-called 'hard' water. 7. 正誤問題 The notion (A)that a prayer or sacrifice (B)by human worshippers can influence (C)a deity is inconsistent (D)in the notion of an omnipotent God. 8. 正誤問題 The (A)pursue of (B)short-sighted political goals rarely (C)leads to effective (D)structural economic reform. 9. 正誤問題 The archeological record is (A)rich in remains of the ships used by ancient (B)Greek and (C)Romans, but almost entirely (D)lacking in artifacts of small boats. 10. 正誤問題 (A)To avoid exposure to harmful ultraviolet (B)rays, always (C)wearing a hat when outdoors (D)on sunny days. I-2 TOEIC, TOEFL練習問題解答 (1) TOEIC 1. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 You'd better hit the _______ if you want to pass that exam. (A) roof (B) bottle (C) books (D) road 訳:その試験に合格したいなら、猛勉強しなさい。 ※正解(C)。どの選択肢にも hit と結びついたイディオムがあるので、それぞれの意味を知らなければ迷うかもしれません。正解は(C) の hit the books で「(猛烈に)勉強する」です。Hit the roof は「かんしゃくを起こす;(物価などが)うなぎ登りに上がる」、hit the bottle は「大酒を飲む」、hit the road は「(車などで)出かける;旅に出る」という意味です。 2. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Come on, we've finished now. Let's call it a _______. (A) day (B) spade (C) completion (D) job 訳:さあ、やっと終わったぞ。今日はこれで切り上げよう。 ※正解(A)。call it a day は口語で「(その日の仕事などを)終わりにする、切り上げる」という意味です。(B) spade は農具の「すき」という意味で、call a spade a spade「そのものをずばりと言う」というイディオムがあります。(C) は complete「〜を完成する」の名詞形です。 3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 To _______ matters worse, we can't do anything till next week. (A) produce (B) make (C) do (D) infuriate 訳:なお悪いことに、来週まで私たちには何もできないのです。 ※正解(B)。to make matters worse で「さらに悪いことには」という意味のイディオムです。to make things worse とも言います。(D) infuriate は「(人)を激怒させる」という意味の他動詞です。 4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 It was difficult at first but now I've got the _______ of it. (A) art (B) technique (C) way (D) hang 訳:最初は難しかったのですが、今ではこつをのみ込みました。 ※正解(D)。get the hang of 〜 で「〜のこつをのみ込む;〜を理解する」という意味になります。ここでの hang は「扱い方、こつ」という意味です。 5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 We'll have to get rid of him sooner or _______. (A) later (B) better (C) after (D) not 訳:遅かれ早かれ、彼と手を切らなければならなくなるだろう。 ※正解(A)。sooner or later で「遅かれ早かれ」という意味です。ただし、日本語の言い回しとは英語の語順は逆ですから、注意して覚えることが大切です。 6. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 I know him by _______ but I've never spoken to him. (A) seeing (B) mistake (C) sight (D) chance 訳:彼のことは見知ってはいるけど、口をきいたことはない。 ※正解(C)。know 〜 by sight で「〜を見知っている(だけである)」というイディオムです。by mistake は「誤って」、by chance は「偶然に」という意味です。 7. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 With this recession our sales are going from bad to _______. (A) bad (B) worse (C) terrible (D) the worst 訳:この景気後退で、うちの売り上げもますます悪くなってきている。 ※正解(B)。go from bad to worse で「ますます悪くなる」という意味のイディオムです。recession は「(一時的な)景気後退」、それに対して「(長期の)不況」を depression と言います。 8. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 His --- of the accident showed what had happened. (A) analyze (B) antique (C) analogue (D) analysis 訳:彼がした事故の分析で、何が起こったかがわかる。 ※正解(D)。(A) analyze「(〜を)分析(解)する」(B) antique「骨董品」「骨董品の」(C) analogue「類似(相似)物」(D) analysis「分析」 9. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 My --- at the Country Tennis Club is due for renewal. (A) belongings (B) membership (C) joining (D) attendance 訳:カントリー・テニスクラブ会員資格の更新をしなければ。 ※正解(B)。due [+ for]「(〜の)予定で、(〜を)すべきで」renewal「更新、書き換え」(A) belongings [複数扱い]「所持品、持ち物」(B) membership「会員資格」(D) attendance「出席」「出席者」 10. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Does your car seat five people --- ? (A) comfortably (B) comfortable (C) easy (D) for case 訳:きみの車、5人楽に座れる? ※正解(A)。seat「(建物・乗り物・食卓などが〜人分)座席をもつ、(〜人を)収容する」「楽に」という副詞が入るべきであるから、(A)のcomfortably。 11. Part VI; Error Recognition練習問題 Jane used to (A)put a little sugar to her (B)coffee, but (C)doesn't (D)anymore. 訳:ジェーンは前はコーヒーに砂糖を入れていたが、もうしていない。 ※正解(A)。put → add。(A) add [+目+ to (代)名]「(他のものに〜を)加える、追加する」put a little sugar in her coffeeならば可。 12. Part VI; Error Recognition練習問題 I wish (A)that I (B)had more (C)times to get my work (D)finished. 訳:もっと時間があったら仕事が終わるのに…。 ※正解(C)。times → time。(C) time [+ to do]「(〜するべき)時間、ひま」 13. Part VI; Error Recognition練習問題 There (A)are a (B)need for French speaking (C)volunteers at the (D)Olympics. 訳:フラン語を話すボランティアが、オリンピックで求められています。 ※正解(A)。are → is。[ヒント] a needは単数扱い。 (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 If structural steel had been used to reinforce the dam, it ----- less likely to fail in an earthquake. (A) will be (B) is (C) would have been (D) be ※正解(C)。【解説】 If節にhad been used... が使われているので、空所にwould have beenを入れれば仮定法過去完了の文ができあがる。reinforce「強化する」。 2. 空所補充問題 The musical genre represented by religious songs known as spirituals emerged ----- the experience of African Americans during the era of slavery. (A) upon (B) as with (C) away with (D) out of ※正解(D)。【解説】 emergeの意味は「出現する、現れる」である。この後にout ofを続ければ「……の経験から出てきた」の意味になる。 3. 空所補充問題 Saturn, the sixth planet from the Sun, is the second -----. (A) larger (B) largest (C) large (D) largely ※正解(B)。【解説】 the secondの後に最上級largestを入れると「2番目に大きい」という意味になる。 4. 空所補充問題 The original habitat of the Indian tribes that banded together ----- the Abnaki confederacy included Maine and parts of New Brunswick and Quebec. (A) formed (B) to form (C) had formed (D) did form ※正解(B)。【解説】 問題文の動詞はincludedである。したがって、formed, had formed, did formは使えない。正解は(B) to formである。habitat「居住地」、band together「集団を形成する、結束する」。 5. 空所補充問題 Willa Cather, ----- her novels about Nebraska and the American Southwest, is considered by many to have been one of America's best novelists. (A) being for best known (B) for best knowing (C) best known for (D) being known best ※正解(C)。【解説】 knownの後に名詞her novels ... を続けることはできないので(A)は不可。for best knowing、being known bestでは意味が通らない。正解は(C) best known for「もっともよく知られている」である。 6. 正誤問題 Water (A)says to (B)be 'softened' (C)when minerals are removed (D)from so-called 'hard' water. ※正解(A)。【解説】 says → is said。Water says ... は明らかにおかしい。Water is said to be... にすれば「水は……だと言われている」の意味になる。hard water「硬水」。 7. 正誤問題 The notion (A)that a prayer or sacrifice (B)by human worshippers can influence (C)a deity is inconsistent (D)in the notion of an omnipotent God. ※正解(D)。【解説】 in → with。接続詞that、前置詞byの用法に問題はない。この場合のdiety「神」は可算名詞である。be inconsistent「一致しない」の後に来る前置詞はinではなくwithである。omnipotent「全能の」。 8. 正誤問題 The (A)pursue of (B)short-sighted political goals rarely (C)leads to effective (D)structural economic reform. ※正解(A)。【解説】 pursue → pursuit。文頭のpursue「追求する」は動詞である。ここは名詞pursuitを使わなくてはいけない。 9. 正誤問題 The archeological record is (A)rich in remains of the ships used by ancient (B)Greek and (C)Romans, but almost entirely (D)lacking in artifacts of small boats. ※正解(B)。【解説】 Greek → Greeks。単数形Greekと複数形Romansが並んでいる。どちらかが間違っている。「ギリシャ、ローマの人々」の意味にするにはGreeks and Romansと複数形にしなくてはいけない。 10. 正誤問題 (A)To avoid exposure to harmful ultraviolet (B)rays, always (C)wearing a hat when outdoors (D)on sunny days. ※正解(C)。【解説】 wearing → wear。目的を表すto不定詞、ultraviolet rays「紫外線」に問題はない。wearingのままでは、この文の動詞がないことになる。ここはwearを用いて命令形にする。on sunny days「晴れた日には」。 II.時事英文 Vitamins (その14;15回シリーズ) The medical experts agreed with doctors who say that people who know they lack a vitamin should take vitamin supplements. Some older adults, for example, may not have enough vitamin B-twelve. That is because, as people get older, the body loses its ability to take it from foods. The experts also noted that taking too much of some vitamins can be harmful. They said people should be sure to discuss what vitamins they take with their doctors. Several studies have not been able to show that taking vitamin supplements in addition to a balanced diet helps to prevent disease. One study found that older Americans do not get enough Vitamin C and required minerals. The study involved more than six thousand individuals. More than half of them took vitamin supplements. III - a. 雑知識
III -b. 英語でどう言う? 筋肉痛になる get a muscle ache 【例文】I got a muscle ache in my calves after climbing the mountain. 目まいがする feel dizzy 【例文】I felt dizzy when I stood up suddenly. 車に酔う get carsick 【例文】My little son gets carsick every time he goes for a ride in the car. 足がしびれる one's legs go to sleep 【例文】My legs have gone to sleep from sitting on the tatami so long. III-c Phrases in the News 豚インフルエンザ(新型インフルエンザ) swine flu ※The swine flu outbreak could deal a further blow to Japan's already ailing economy by slowing exports and cutting air travel, econo9mists and company executives said. ※経済の専門家や企業経営者によると、豚インフルエンザが大流行すれば、輸出や空の旅が低迷し、すでに悪化している日本経済にさらなる打撃を与える可能性がある。 IV. Jokes a. My last name is a real mouthful so I was thrilled when my three-year-old niece learned to spell it. Until, that is, my cousin burst my bubble. "You can spell Sczygelski any way you like," he pointed out. "Who's going to know if it's wrong?" b. A warning called out by bus driver at Disney World: "Don't forget your kids. If we find them, we drop them off at the 'It's a Small World' ride, where they'll learn the song in 30 languages, and sing it to you over and over." c. I noticed my room-mate studying the three settings on our washing machine: woolens, cottons and synthetics. "Problem?" I asked. "Just wondering," he said. "If I were washing a sweater made from a cloned sheep, would I set it on wool or synthetics?" d. There had been a rash of accidents in my area where cars skidded into canals. Worried this might happen to her, my mother bought a tool to break the window if her car went underwater. "I guess it's good to be prepared," I said. Looking around inside her car, I asked, "So where's the tool. Mum?" She replied, "I put it in the boot." e. My wife and I live in Cambridge, Massachusetts - a university town. Rushing through the supermarket checkout, we didn't notice we were in a 12-item line and what we had was over the limit. The weary cashier looked at all our groceries. "Are you from Harvard and can't count or from Massachusetts Institute of Technology and can't read?" |