資料No. : NS081029
I-1 TOEIC, TOEFL練習問題 (1) TOEIC 1. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 _______ our opinion, it would be better to ship them by air. (A) In (B) For (C) Of (D) As 2. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Your prompt _______ to our proposal would be highly appreciated. (A) respond (B) response (C) to respond (D) responded 3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Let them _______ as they like. They'll never listen to us. (A) do (B) to do (C) to be doing (D) to have done 4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 I was just about to leave home, _______ the phone rang. (A) that (B) why (C) when (D) at that time 5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Your children have passed the age _______ they need to worry about such illnesses. (A) why (B) how (C) when (D) which 6. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The real estate agent has three apartments to show you _______ is very near your workplace. (A) , one of them (B) , one of which (C) none of whom (D) some of which 7. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 One of my colleagues is moving to the house _______ is opposite ours. (A) who (B) whom (C) which (D) where 8. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 All we need to set up an office is one desk, a couple of chairs, and ----- computer equipment. (A) a (B) one (C) some (D) a few 9. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Nothing great was ever achieved without ... (A) enthusiastic (B) enthusiast (C) enthusiasm (D) enthuse 10. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Of the ... students who attended the meeting, only a few felt satisfied with it. (A) most (B) many (C) much (D) more 11. Part VI; Error Recognition練習問題 Cathy was (A)carrying the (B)laundry (C)when she (D)trips and fell down. 12. Part VI; Error Recognition練習問題 (A)Children (B)all the world (C)expect a visit (D)from Santa Claus on Christmas eve. 13. Part VI; Error Recognition練習問題 The bank (A)was making strong (B)demands for (C)repayment of the loan, but the company went (D)bankruptcy. (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 The passing lane on a highway is intended to allow ------ to overtake those moving more slowly. (A) vehicles are fast-moving (B) vehicles are moving fast (C) vehicles move fast (D) fast-moving vehicles 2. 空所補充問題 Although the United Nations ------ of vital importance to world peace, many governments do not take it very seriously. (A) are (B) were (C) is (D) are that 3. 空所補充問題 Crocodiles are often mistaken for alligators, ------ they are similar in many ways. (A) in spite of (B) because (C) regardless (D) due to 4. 空所補充問題 Some people believe that sending a man to Mars would be a noble undertaking, while others think ------ pure science fiction. (A) it would have been (B) it's (C) it will be (D) it had to be 5. 空所補充問題 ------ one of the world's largest collections of historical artifacts. (A) At the Smithsonian Museum (B) It is the Smithsonian Museum (C) The Smithsonian Museum, with (D) The Smithsonian Museum has 6. 正誤問題 Many drivers carry a (A)10-gallons can of gasoline in the trunk (B)in case they (C)run out of fuel (D)on a long trip. 7. 正誤問題 (A)Throughout history, societies (B)all over the world have built giant statues, such as (C)Statue of Liberty, to represent ideas and values they (D)hold dear. 8. 正誤問題 Meteorologists (A)talk that in the open ocean, seismic sea waves often have (B)wavelengths of (C)up to several hundred miles, but heights of (D)less than 3 ft. 9. 正誤問題 Ants are capable (A)to lift objects that (B)weigh (C)far more than (D)themselves. 10. 正誤問題 Jumbo jets usually have heaters (A)inside the wings to (B)prevent the (C)form of ice (D)on the outer wing surface. I-2 TOEIC, TOEFL練習問題解答 (1) TOEIC 1. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 _______ our opinion, it would be better to ship them by air. (A) In (B) For (C) Of (D) As 訳:私たちの意見では、航空便で発送したほうがよいでしょう。 ※正解(A)。「私の意見では」という表現を、英語でそのまま覚えておくのが最も近道です。opinion に対しての前置詞が何になるのかを理屈で覚えようとしてもなかなか理解しきれるものではありません。 2. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Your prompt _______ to our proposal would be highly appreciated. (A) respond (B) response (C) to respond (D) responded 訳:当社の提案に早急にお返事願えれば幸いです。 ※正解(B)。ビジネス・レターでよく使用される文です。Your の後ろには名詞があることが予想されますが、prompt の品詞を見極めることがまず大切です。これが「迅速な」の意味の形容詞であることが分かれば、その後ろに名詞がこなければいけないことが明らかになります。 3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Let them _______ as they like. They'll never listen to us. (A) do (B) to do (C) to be doing (D) to have done 訳:彼らのしたいようにさせよう。私たちの言うことなんて聞かないだろうから。 ※正解(A)。「…させてあげる」の意味の使役動詞 let は、let +目的語+原形動詞の形をとります。 4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 I was just about to leave home, _______ the phone rang. (A) that (B) why (C) when (D) at that time 訳:ちょうど家を出ようとしていたそのときに、電話が鳴った。 ※正解(C)。【着眼点】選択肢のうちで、接続詞機能を有し、かつコンマを介して2つの節を連結できるのは非制限用法をもつ関係副詞のwhenのみである。なお、この場合のwhenは前の節全体を先行詞とする。be about to 〜 は「まさに[今にも]〜しようとしている」の意。 5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Your children have passed the age _______ they need to worry about such illnesses. (A) why (B) how (C) when (D) which 訳:あなたのお子さんたちは、そういった病気を心配する年齢はもう過ぎました。 ※正解(C)。【着眼点】選択肢はすべて関係詞だが、先行詞がthe ageという「時」を表す名詞句であるから (A) と (B) は消える。次に、このthe ageを受けてthey need to worry about such illnessesの節にどう結びつけていくかだが、the ageという名詞句のままではどこにも差し込む適当な場所はない。したがって、名詞句だけの代用となる関係代名詞 (which) は不可。whenであれば「その年齢において[その年齢のときに]they need to以下である」が成立するのでうまくつながることになる。 6. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The real estate agent has three apartments to show you _______ is very near your workplace. (A) , one of them (B) , one of which (C) none of whom (D) some of which 訳:その不動産屋にはあなたに見せるアパートの物件が3つあるが、そのうちの1つはあなたの職場にとても近い。 ※正解(B)。【着眼点】whichやwhomがofを介して数[量]詞と結びつく'one [some, any, none, all, both, several, enough, many, few, etc.] of which [whom]'の形は非制限用法なので、コンマのない (C) , (D) は不可。加えて (C) は先行詞 (three apartments) が人でない点、(D) は関係詞節内の動詞が単数 (is) である点でも不可。コンマだけで節を結ぶ (A) も不可。 7. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 One of my colleagues is moving to the house _______ is opposite ours. (A) who (B) whom (C) which (D) where 訳:同僚の1人が我が家の向かいの家に引越してきます。 ※正解(C)。【着眼点】the houseを先行詞にとり、空所の後のisに対する主語として機能できるものを選ぶ。 【選択肢】(D) は関係副詞で主語になれない。 8. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 All we need to set up an office is one desk, a couple of chairs, and ----- computer equipment. (A) a (B) one (C) some (D) a few 訳:事務所を開くには、机ひとつといす2、3脚、そしてコンピューター機器があればいい。 ※正解(C)。解説 equipment (機器、設備)は、例えばコンピューターやプリンターなど、いろいろな機器の総称なので、数えられない名詞として扱われる。 (A) 〜 (D) のうちで、数えられない名詞に用いられるのは (C)some のみ。 9. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Nothing great was ever achieved without ... (A) enthusiastic (B) enthusiast (C) enthusiasm (D) enthuse 訳:偉大なことは情熱なしには何も達成されなかった。 ※正解(C)。前置詞withoutの後ろは名詞。(A) enthusiastic「熱烈な、熱狂的な」(B)「熱狂者」(C) enthusiasm「熱中、熱狂」(D) enthuse「(〜を)熱狂させる」 10. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Of the ... students who attended the meeting, only a few felt satisfied with it. (A) most (B) many (C) much (D) more 訳:ミーティングに出席した学生ほとんどが、満足していなかった。 ※正解(B)。(A) mostは通例無冠詞で「たいてい」の意味。[ex.] Most people (Most of the people) like apples.「たいていの人はリンゴが好きだ。」 11. Part VI; Error Recognition練習問題 Cathy was (A)carrying the (B)laundry (C)when she (D)trips and fell down. 訳:キャッシーがつまずいて倒れたとき、洗濯物を運んでいた。 ※正解(D)。trips → tripped。(B) laundry「洗濯屋」「(集合的に)洗濯物」(D) trip「つまずいて倒れる、つまずく」[ヒント]時制の一致。 12. Part VI; Error Recognition練習問題 (A)Children (B)all the world (C)expect a visit (D)from Santa Claus on Christmas eve. 訳:世界中の子どもたちが、クリスマス・イブにサンタクロースが家に来るのを心待ちにしている。 ※正解(B)。all the world → all over the world。(B) all over the world「世界中で」 13. Part VI; Error Recognition練習問題 The bank (A)was making strong (B)demands for (C)repayment of the loan, but the company went (D)bankruptcy. 訳:銀行はローンの返済を強く要求していたが、その会社は倒産してしまった。 ※正解(D)。bankruptcy → bankrupt。(B) demand<+ for, + on>「(〜を求めて〜に対する)要求、請求」(C) repayment「払い戻し、返済」go bankrupt<= go into bankruptcy>「破産する」 (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 The passing lane on a highway is intended to allow ------ to overtake those moving more slowly. (A) vehicles are fast-moving (B) vehicles are moving fast (C) vehicles move fast (D) fast-moving vehicles ※正解(D)。【解説】 allow ... to〜で「... に〜することを可能にする」の意味。allowの後には名詞(句)が来ることになる。したがって、正解はfast-moving vehiclesである。他の選択肢には動詞が入っているので不可となる。 2. 空所補充問題 Although the United Nations ------ of vital importance to world peace, many governments do not take it very seriously. (A) are (B) were (C) is (D) are that ※正解(C)。【解説】 the United Nations「国連」は単数である。当然、be動詞はisになる。 3. 空所補充問題 Crocodiles are often mistaken for alligators, ------ they are similar in many ways. (A) in spite of (B) because (C) regardless (D) due to ※正解(B)。【解説】 選択肢の中で、2つの文を繋ぐことが出来る接続詞はbecauseだけである。in spite ofとdue toは前置詞句、regardless「不注意な」は形容詞。 4. 空所補充問題 Some people believe that sending a man to Mars would be a noble undertaking, while others think ------ pure science fiction. (A) it would have been (B) it's (C) it will be (D) it had to be ※正解(B)。【解説】 前半は仮定法「... だろう」の文になっている。空所にit'sが入れば、「... だ」と考えを述べていることになる。 5. 空所補充問題 ------ one of the world's largest collections of historical artifacts. (A) At the Smithsonian Museum (B) It is the Smithsonian Museum (C) The Smithsonian Museum, with (D) The Smithsonian Museum has ※正解(D)。【解説】 空所の後に来る語句から、空所には主語と動詞が入ることが分かる。It is the Smithsonian Museumでは、その後にone of ... と名詞が続くことになる。正解はThe Smithsonian Museum hasである。 6. 正誤問題 Many drivers carry a (A)10-gallons can of gasoline in the trunk (B)in case they (C)run out of fuel (D)on a long trip. ※正解(A)。【解説】 a 10-gallons canのように、10とgallonsの間にハイフンを入れて形容詞として用いる場合には、複数形は単数形にするというルールがある。したがって、ここではa 10-gallon canとしなければならない。 7. 正誤問題 (A)Throughout history, societies (B)all over the world have built giant statues, such as (C)Statue of Liberty, to represent ideas and values they (D)hold dear. ※正解(C)。【解説】 「自由の女神像」はthe Statue of Libertyと言う。問題文では冠詞theが抜けている。 8. 正誤問題 Meteorologists (A)talk that in the open ocean, seismic sea waves often have (B)wavelengths of (C)up to several hundred miles, but heights of (D)less than 3 ft. ※正解(A)。【解説】 talkの直後にthat節を続ける用法はない。ここはsay that ... としなければならない。 9. 正誤問題 Ants are capable (A)to lift objects that (B)weigh (C)far more than (D)themselves. ※正解(A)。【解説】 capableの後に動詞を続ける場合には、「前置詞of+動名詞」という形にする。ここではto liftではなくof liftingにする。 10. 正誤問題 Jumbo jets usually have heaters (A)inside the wings to (B)prevent the (C)form of ice (D)on the outer wing surface. ※正解(C)。【解説】 formは「形」の意味。ここではformation「形成」にしなければ文意が成立しない。 II.時事英文 Archeological Dig Area in the American State of South Carolina (その8:全12回シリーズ) Several discoveries became especially important in disputing the belief. Among the most important ones were findings at the Monte Verde Camp in Chile. Scientists began finding ancient artifacts there beginning in nineteen seventy-six. The artifacts included a piece of meat that had lasted many centuries. It might have been from an ancient animal similar to a modern elephant. The findings at Monte Verde showed that humans were in South America about thirteen thousand years ago. Experts said that was about one thousand years before the Clovis people could have traveled there. III - a. 雑知識
III-b. 英語のことわざ ◆The love of money is the root of all evil◆ This proverb suggests that greed or the desire to become rich makes people evil and makes them do terrible things. III -c. 英語でどう言う? 信号を無視する ignore the red light 【例文】The car ignored the red light and kept going. 飲酒運転をする drink and drive 【例文】Police are checking for drivers who drink and drive. 割り込む cut in 【例文】The car cut in (ahead of me). レッカー移動される be towed away 【例文】Illegally parked cars were all towed away. III-d 今週のイディオム draw a line in the sand 明確な一線を画する、これが限界であると言う (establish a limit beyond which things will be unacceptable) 目印となるものが何もない砂漠で、自分の領地を示すために線を引くことから生まれた慣用表現。越えてはいけない限度を意味し、それを越えると争いになるという警告にも使われます。 I'm drawing a line in the sand about what is permitted or not permitted in this classroom. (この教室で何をしてよいか、だめかをはっきりさせようと思う) We have to draw a line in the sand on things that are important to us. (私たちにとって、大切な事をしっかり認識しておかなければならない) It's difficult to draw a line in the sand between those who are with us and those who are with them. (我々の味方になる人たちと、彼らの味方になる人たちを区別するのは難しい) IV. Jokes a. A timid man was tired of being bossed around by his wife. He went to a psychiatrist. Who gave him a book on how to be assertive. He finished reading it by the time he got home. He stormed into his house, walked up to his wife and said, "From now on, I want you to know that I am the man of this house! I want you to prepare me a gourmet meal tonight and after dinner, you're going to draw me a bath so I can relax. And when I'm finished with my bath, guess who's going to dress me and comb my hair?" "The funeral director," answered his wife. b. Q: What's the difference between a proctologist and a podiatrist? A: Just a couple of feet. proctologist 肛門科医 podiatrist 足治療医 c. "Excuse me, but what are those women dressed in white doing?" a tourist in Israel asked his guide. "Oh, it's custom for brides in Jerusalem to pray at the Wailing Wall on the day of their wedding," the guide replied. "Why?" "So they can get used to talking to a wall." d. Following months of trial, finally a scientist successfully cloned his own genes. He was so thrilled, he was beside himself. |