資料No. : NS070530
I-1 TOEIC, TOEFL練習問題 (1) TOEIC 1. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 If I were going to college, _____ live on campus. (A) I'd (B) I'll (C) I had (D) I did 2. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 When do you think _____ boys will be done with the game? (A) them (B) that (C) those (D) they're 3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Since I didn't speak Russian, I could barely make myself _____. (A) communicative (B) understanding (C) communication (D) understood 4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 We recommend that _____ a higher grade of steel. (A) you use (B) you are using (C) you to use (D) you used 5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 He --- the documents on the supervisor's desk. (A) Lay (B) laid (C) lies (D) lie 6. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The CEO --- his subordinate in charge. (A) kept (B) left (C) pushed (D) remained 7. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Mrs. Lopez --- the file on the desktop. (A) Cared (B) held (C) kept (D) received 8. Error Recognition練習問題 The girls (A)decided to (B)take hike into (C)the nearby mountain (D)range. 9. Error Recognition練習問題 In any company, (A)a honest worker (B)is always (C)preferable to (D)a dishonest worker. 10. Error Recognition練習問題 Those (A)have got to be the (B)most impressive trees I (C)have (D)never seen. 11. Error Recognition練習問題 He (A)was waiting at the airport (B)for some coworkers (C)whom he had never (D)met them before. 12. Error Recognition練習問題 (A)Mr. Slater tried very hard to make (B)a good impression (C)on the manager of the company (D)which he works. 13. Error Recognition練習問題 This is (A)an employee whom I sat (B)next to her in (C)the company I worked (D)for twelve years ago. (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 Duck hunters use shotguns because the spreading of the shot gives them more ------ hitting a target. (A) opportunities at (B) likelihoods of (C) talents at (D) chance of 2. 空所補充問題 Anyone ----- a child to read will understand what a rewarding experience it can be. (A) having taught (B) is to teach (C) who has taught (D) teach 3. 空所補充問題 More highly-motivated foreign students ----- to State Universities this year than in any previous year. (A) have accepted to (B) have been accepted (C) accepted them (D) to accept them 4. 空所補充問題 Baby birds hatch in the nest ------ they must be fed and protected until they can fly and hunt on their own. (A) what (B) why (C) how (D) where 5. 空所補充問題 Mediation provides a way to solve disputes that would ------ take huge amounts of time and money to solve in court. (A) like to (B) otherwise (C) rather (D) always 6. 正誤問題 Many of us (A)celebrate national and religious holidays (B)because they were personal entitlements, (C)rather than special occasions intended (D)to offer thanks or reverence. 7. 正誤問題 In (A)interviewing prospective employees, government agencies (B)are prohibited from asking (C)about an applicant's (D)politic. 8. 正誤問題 The (A)audiences watching the award ceremony is (B)responding well to (C)our request for electronic voting on (D)who should win the award. 9. 正誤問題 Neither a fixed-wing airplane (A)or a helicopter, the (B)tilt-rotor aircraft combines the (C)functions of (D)both types of design. 10. 正誤問題 A trip (A)that usually takes about an hour (B)by car can take twice as long (C)as when (D)traffic is unusually heavy. I-2 TOEIC, TOEFL練習問題解答 (1) TOEIC 1. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 If I were going to college, _____ live on campus. (A) I'd (B) I'll (C) I had (D) I did 訳:もし大学に行くとすれば、キャンパス内に住みます。 ※正解(A)。仮定法過去の文型。助動詞の過去形が必要。 2. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 When do you think _____ boys will be done with the game? (A) them (B) that (C) those (D) they're 訳:あの男の子たちはいつゲームを終えると思いますか ※正解(C)。(A)them は文法的につながらない。boys が複数形であるから、(B)that も不可。 3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Since I didn't speak Russian, I could barely make myself _____. (A) communicative (B) understanding (C) communication (D) understood 訳:私はロシア語を話さないので、あまり自分の意思を伝えられませんでした。 ※正解(D)。make はここでは「…にする」の意味。myself は understanding「理解している」の側ではなく、understood「理解されている」の側のはずです。 4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 We recommend that _____ a higher grade of steel. (A) you use (B) you are using (C) you to use (D) you used 訳:もっと質の高い鋼鉄を使用することをお勧めします。 ※正解(A)。recommend「勧める、薦める」のように人に何かを勧める意味の動詞や、他人に何かを要求する意味の動詞が目的語に that 節をとる場合、that 以下が主語+動詞の原形をとります。このような動詞の代表的なものには demand, urge, request などがあります。 5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 He --- the documents on the supervisor's desk. (B) Lay (B) laid (C) lies (D) lie 訳:彼は主任の机の上に書類を置いた。 ※正解(B)。動詞の後ろにthe documentsがあるので、選ぶのは他動詞。lie-lay-lainは自動詞で、lay-laid-laidが他動詞。この活用は最頻出事項の1つ。ここでは他動詞の活用の中から選べばよい。 6. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The CEO --- his subordinate in charge. (B) kept (B) left (C) pushed (D) remained 訳:最高経営責任者は部下を責任者にした。 ※正解(B)。in chargeは「責任を負う;担当する」という意味。「部下を責任担当の地位に置く」という意味ではputかleaveが適切で、ここでは選択肢よりleaveを選ぶ・ 7. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Mrs. Lopez --- the file on the desktop. (A) Cared (B) held (C) kept (D) received 訳:ロペスさんはファイルをデスクトップに保存した。 ※正解(C)。(A)のcareを他動詞として使うのはto doか疑問詞が目的語のときなので、この文では使用不可。(B)のhold、(D)のreceiveではon the desktopとのつながりが不自然になる。ここでは「保存する」という最も一般的な語を選ぶ。 8. Error Recognition練習問題 The girls (A)decided to (B)take hike into (C)the nearby mountain (D)range. 訳:女の子たちは近くの山にハイキングに行くことに決めた。 ※正解(B)。hike は「ハイキング」の意味では、通常 a hike。B: take hike → take a hikeか go hiking にする。 9. Error Recognition練習問題 In any company, (A)a honest worker (B)is always (C)preferable to (D)a dishonest worker. 訳:いかなる会社においても正直な社員は不正直な社員よりも好ましい。 ※正解(A)。発音に注意する。honest の語頭部分の発音は母音なので、an ではなくてはならない。A: a honest → an honest 10. Error Recognition練習問題 Those (A)have got to be the (B)most impressive trees I (C)have (D)never seen. 訳:あれは今までに見た中で最も印象的な木です。 ※正解(D)。誤文の意味は「今までに見たことのない中で」になってしまう。D: never を ever にする。 11. Error Recognition練習問題 He (A)was waiting at the airport (B)for some coworkers (C)whom he had never (D)met them before. 訳:空港で彼はそれまで一度も会ったことのない仕事仲間を待っていた。 ※正解(D)。met them → met。関係代名詞節の中では、先行詞に当たるものが省かれていなければならない。ここでは先行詞がsome coworkersなので関係詞節の中にあるthemは省く必要がある。 12. Error Recognition練習問題 (A)Mr. Slater tried very hard to make (B)a good impression (C)on the manager of the company (D)which he works. 訳:スレーター氏は、彼が勤める会社の経営者によい印象を与えようと一生懸命努力した。 ※正解(D)。which → for which。「〜で働く」はwork for〜だから、先行詞を含めて関係詞節の文を考えると、he works for the companyとなる。したかって、文の最後かwhichの前にforが必要。 13. Error Recognition練習問題 This is (A)an employee whom I sat (B)next to her in (C)the company I worked (D)for twelve years ago. 訳:この人は、12年前に働いていた会社で私がその隣に座っていた社員だ。 ※正解(B)。next to her → next to。関係詞の節の中には先行詞を指すものを入れることはできない。ここではnext toという前置詞句の目的語が先行詞のemployeeなのでherを省く必要がある。なお、the company I worked for twelve years agoのforは期間を表すforではなくwork for ~ (〜で働く)のforである。 (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 Duck hunters use shotguns because the spreading of the shot gives them more ------ hitting a target. (A) opportunities at (B) likelihoods of (C) talents at (D) chance of ※正解(D)。文脈から判断して「見込み、機会」の意味を表すchance、あるいは、 opportunitiesが空所に入ることが分かる。opportunitiesの後に来る前置詞はatでは なくof、forである。したがって、chance ofが正解になる。 2. 空所補充問題 Anyone ----- a child to read will understand what a rewarding experience it can be. (A) having taught (B) is to teach (C) who has taught (D) teach ※正解(C)。will understand ... がこの文の動詞部である。したがって、関係代名詞 who ... で文を繋がなければ、動詞がダブってしまう。 3. 空所補充問題 More highly-motivated foreign students ----- to State Universities this year than in any previous year. (A) have accepted to (B) have been accepted (C) accepted them (D) to accept them ※正解(B)。accept「受け入れる、認める」は他動詞である。文意からして、当然、受け 身にしなければならない。受け身になっているのはhave been acceptedだけである。 4. 空所補充問題 Baby birds hatch in the nest ------ they must be fed and protected until they can fly and hunt on their own. (A) what (B) why (C) how (D) where ※正解(D)。空所にはthe nestを受けてin which(場所)の働きをする関係副詞が入るは ずである。正解はwhere。 5. 空所補充問題 Mediation provides a way to solve disputes that would ------ take huge amounts of time and money to solve in court. (A) like to (B) otherwise (C) rather (D) always ※正解(B)。空所には「調停(mediation)がなければ、もしそうでなければ」の意味を表すことばが入る。正解はotherwiseである。他の語では意味が成立しない。 6. 正誤問題 Many of us (A)celebrate national and religious holidays (B)because they were personal entitlements, (C)rather than special occasions intended (D)to offer thanks or reverence. ※正解(B)。becauseでは前後の文が繋がらない。they wereがあることからas though/as if ... 「まるで ... であるかのように」を使えば仮定法の文になる。 7. 正誤問題 In (A)interviewing prospective employees, government agencies (B)are prohibited from asking (C)about an applicant's (D)politic. ※正解(D)。名詞applicant「応募者」の後に形容詞politic「政治上の」が来るはずがな い。ここは名詞politics「政治(活動)」を使わなくてはいけない。 8. 正誤問題 The (A)audiences watching the award ceremony is (B)responding well to (C)our request for electronic voting on (D)who should win the award. ※正解(A)。audience「聴衆」は集合名詞である。したがって、audiencesと複数形にする必要はない。 9. 正誤問題 Neither a fixed-wing airplane (A)or a helicopter, the (B)tilt-rotor aircraft combines the (C)functions of (D)both types of design. ※正解(A)。Neitherがあるのでorではなくnorを使うことになる。文頭にBeing(分詞構 文)を補って考えればNeither ... helicopterの意味が分かるだろう。 10. 正誤問題 A trip (A)that usually takes about an hour (B)by car can take twice as long (C)as when (D)traffic is unusually heavy. ※正解(C)。どこにも問題が見当たらない?take twice as longで「二倍は(時間が)か かる」の意味。その後のasがなくても意味が通じるということは、2番目のasが余分 だったのである。 II.時事英文 中国語の勉強はいかが?Time to learn Mandarin? (その2:全7回シリーズ) Lots of great stuff is going to happen in Asia and in China. Whatever you are interested in, from art to technology, China and the Chinese will be at the forefront. And this is not to mention culture or one of the two great cuisines of the world. Want to gain an understanding of the heart and mind of one of the world's biggest countries? Well, if so, you are going to have to speak their language, at least to a certain extent. stuff 物事 at the forefront 先頭に not to mention 〜 〜はもちろん cuisines 料理 Want to 〜? 〜したくありませんか at least 少なくとも to a certain extent ある程度は III - a. 雑知識
III-b. 英語のことわざ ◆What's done cannot be undone◆ This proverb means that once you have completed something, once you have done something, it is too late to change it. There's nothing that can be done about it. III -c. 英語の新語 ◆Food court multiculturalism◆ Food courts are places where there are a number of shops, each selling the food of a different country. They are usually found in shopping malls. The food is takeaway and is usually eaten in some central area of the mall. Food court multiculturalism is the practice of enjoying aspects of cultures that aren't your own in a superficial way -- so that you can taste a bit of one culture here and a bit of another culture there without really understanding what those cultures are about. III-d. 英語のフレーズ ◆ Failure is an event, never a person.◆ (失敗は出来事であって、人間そのものではない) III-e. 今週のイディオム Search me! 知るもんか! (I do not know the answer to the question.) 尋問・質問に対して「私は知らないね」の意味で使われる慣用表現。文字通りには「私を探ってみろ」で、納得がいかないなら「体中を探ってみてもいいが、答えは出ないよ」という発想。 The car keys? Search me! I thought you left them downstairs. (車のカギだって?知らないよ!下の階に置いてきたと思ってた) !Why did he bother to lie about it?" / "Search me!" (「どうして彼はそのことについてわざわざウソをついたんだ?」/「知らないよ!」) IV. Jokes a. Complaining of blurred vision, an inmate was brought into the prison clinic where I am a medical clerk. In a previous visit, he had all the usual vision tests and picked out lenses and frames. This day, the optometrist fitted the prisoner with his new pair of glasses. "How's that?" he asked. "I'll put it to you this way," said the prisoner. "If I'd had these before I got arrested, I would have seen that those uniformed men chasing me weren't mailman." blurred vision 視覚低下 inmate 囚人 vision tests 視力検査 optometrist 検眼士 b. Not long ago, my brother Leo, a farmer, got a call from a security firm that offered him a promotional burglar alarm at no charge. Happy to get something for free, Leo gave the caller directions to his farm. But no-one showed up. The next morning the supplier called Leo to say that he was lost. "I'll try again to find you," he said. "Never mind," said Leo. "If you can't find me, I don't expect a burglar can either." security firm 警備会社 promotional 販売を促進する burglar alarm 盗難(予防)警報器 c. Working at the post office, I'm used to dealing with a moody public. So when one irate customer stormed my desk, I responded in my calmest voice, "What's the trouble?" "I went out this morning," she began, "and when I came home I found a card saying the mailman tried to deliver a package but no-one was home. My husband was in all morning. He never heard a thing!" After apologising, I got her parcel. "Oh, good," she gushed. "We've been waiting for this for ages." "What is it?" I asked. "My husband's hearing aid." irate 怒った hearing aid 補聴器 |