資料No. : NS070523
I-1 TOEIC, TOEFL練習問題 (1) TOEIC 1. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 You _____ to try that new Thai restaurant across from the bank. (A) should (B) always (C) ought (D) could 2. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Reducing manufacturing expenses is our number one _____. (A) priority (B) prediction (C) probability (D) promotion 3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 We take great pride _____ the opening of our Singapore office. (A) to expand (B) to announce (C) in concluding (D) in announcing 4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The new president _____ increase R&D spending. (A) provides for (B) intends to (C) rejects the (D) supports an 5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The new software program will --- the employees a lot of time and labor. (A) catch (B) save (C) help (D) keep 6. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 That tardy employee always --- the manager mad. (A) drives (B) puts (C) sets (D) runs 7. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Our current business model has --- to be a success. (A) proved (B) came (C) become (D) turned 8. Error Recognition練習問題 I (A)think (B)that kind of house (C)is refer to (D)as a French Colonial. 9. Error Recognition練習問題 Mike and Steve (A)are the (B)best of friends, (C)but they (D)are coworkers as well. 10. Error Recognition練習問題 I think we (A)have given cards to (B)almost members (C)who are (D)attending the party. 11. Error Recognition練習問題 The general manager, (A)whom was (B)scheduled to (C)attend the board meeting, (D)called in sick today.. 12. Error Recognition練習問題 (A)That he told the trainees (B)was exactly (C)what he learned (D)when he joined the company. 13. Error Recognition練習問題 (A)She's the supervisor (B)who's article (C)was published (D)in the newspaper. I-1 TOEIC, TOEFL練習問題 (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 The Pyramids of Egypt are recognized ------ the greatest monuments of all time. (A) in being those (B) and are certain (C) as being some of (D) of being among 2. 空所補充問題 Many people decide to ------ new hobbies, such as fishing or gardening, when they retire. (A) take up (B) take away (C) take over (D) take out 3. 空所補充問題 ------ , many people begin to think realistically for the first time about how long they will live. (A) In 40s (B) It is the 40s (C) During their 40s (D) They are the 40s 4. 空所補充問題 The fact that someone is strongly convinced of an idea does not ------ mean that the idea is correct. (A) in always (B) forever (C) of ever (D) necessarily 5. 空所補充問題 There are usually several means ------ a complex geometrical problem. (A) to solve (B) can solve (C) by them can be solved (D) we use them to solve 6. 正誤問題 Liquid is (A)defined as material that (B)change its shape to (C)conform to the shape of (D)its container. 7. 正誤問題 The (A)Swiss army knife, (B)still in use by the military of that country, has become (C)a symbol of ingenuity and (D)useful. ※正解(D)。andの前には名詞ingenuity「工夫、精巧」がある。これに合わせて形容詞usefulは名 8. 正誤問題 Nuclear fusion is (A)many more difficult to control (B)for practical purposes (C)than nuclear (D)fission. 9. 正誤問題 It is common (A)for adults to say they wish they (B)don't have to grow old, but it is (C)just as common to forget the (D)difficulties of childhood. 10. 正誤問題 Sharks generally prefer (A)not to eat human flesh even (B)when they have gained (C)a fearsome reputation (D)over the years. I-2 TOEIC, TOEFL練習問題解答 (1) TOEIC 1. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 You _____ to try that new Thai restaurant across from the bank. (A) should (B) always (C) ought (D) could 訳:銀行の向かい側の新しいタイ料理レストランに行ってみるべきです。 ※正解(C)。文中、空所の後ろの to が最大のポイントです。should や could といった助動詞は後ろが動詞の原形のはずです。 副詞 always の場合も to は不要です。ought to ... でひとつの助動詞扱いで、「…すべきである」の意味。 2. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Reducing manufacturing expenses is our number one _____. (A) priority (B) prediction (C) probability (D) promotion 訳:製造コストの削減が我々の第一の優先課題です。 ※正解(A)。ボキャブラリーの問題。priority「優先、優先課題」。prediction「予測」。probability「可能性」。promotion「促進、昇格」。 3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 We take great pride _____ the opening of our Singapore office. (A) to expand (B) to announce (C) in concluding (D) in announcing 訳:当社シンガポール支店の開店を発表することは大変な誇りです。 ※正解(D)。expand the opening of ...「開店を拡大する」では意味の上で不可。「発表する」の意味の announce が適切ですが、「誇りに思う」の take pride は通常 take pride in ... の形で用います。 4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The new president _____ increase R&D spending. (A) provides for (B) intends to (C) rejects the (D) supports an 訳:新しい社長は研究開発予算の増加を意図しています。 ※正解(B)。increase が「増加」の意味の名詞なのか、「増加させる」の意味の動詞なのかが問題。名詞であれば increase in R&D spending となるはず。前置詞 for や冠詞 the、an は名詞の前に置かれているはずです。 5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The new software program will --- the employees a lot of time and labor. (A) catch (B) save (C) help (D) keep 訳:新しいソフトウェアのプログラムを使えば、従業員は多くの時間と労力を省けるだろう。 ※正解(B)。目的語がthe employeesとa lot of time and laborと2つあるので、二重目的語を取る動詞で意味が適切なものを考える。saveはsave A Bで「AからB (苦労・労力など)を取り除いてくれる」という意味。 6. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 That tardy employee always --- the manager mad. (A) drives (B) puts (C) sets (D) runs 訳:あるいはののろい従業員はいつも課長を怒らせている。 ※正解(A)。文の形からすれば(A)のdrive、(B)のput、(C)のsetのいずれもが<目的語+補語>の形を取ることができるが、madを目的格補語にするのはdriveでdrive ~ madで「〜を怒らせる」の意味。このdriveは「(目的語を補語の状態に)追いやる」という意味。 7. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Our current business model has --- to be a success. (A) proved (B) came (C) become (D) turned 訳:私たちの現在のビジネスモデルは成功であるとわかった。 ※正解(A)。<prove (to be)補語>で「〜であることが判明する」という意味。(B)のcameは過去形で現在完了の時制に合わない。(C)のbecomeは不定詞を伴うことはできない。(D)のturnはturn outとなっていれば正しい文になる。 8. Error Recognition練習問題 I (A)think (B)that kind of house (C)is refer to (D)as a French Colonial. 訳:あのような家はフレンチ・コロニアルと呼ばれていると思います。 ※正解(C)。refer to で「呼ぶ」。that kind of house は「呼ばれている」側なので受動態。C: is refer → is referred 9. Error Recognition練習問題 Mike and Steve (A)are the (B)best of friends, (C)but they (D)are coworkers as well. 訳:マイクとスチーブは親友ですが、同僚でもあります。 ※正解(C)。日本語の「…だが」の発想をそのまま持ち込んではいけない。 but は逆接。and が英語の発想。 10. Error Recognition練習問題 I think we (A)have given cards to (B)almost members (C)who are (D)attending the party. 訳:パーティーに出席している人ほとんど全員にカードを差し上げたと思います。 ※正解(B)。almost は副詞。正しい文は almost all ... とするか、または most を用いる。 11. Error Recognition練習問題 The general manager, (A)whom was (B)scheduled to (C)attend the board meeting, (D)called in sick today.. 訳:本部長は取締役会議に出席する予定だったが、今日は病欠との電話連絡があった。 ※正解(A)。whom was → who was。関係詞whomの後がwasになっているので、この部分がおかしいことはすぐにわかる。wasはどのように変えても文意が通じないので、whomを主格にするのが適切。なお、be scheduled to Vは「〜する予定である」という意味。 12. Error Recognition練習問題 (A)That he told the trainees (B)was exactly (C)what he learned (D)when he joined the company. 訳:彼が研修生たちに話したことは、まさしく彼が入社したときに学んだことだった。 ※正解(A)。That → What。先頭がthatでは「彼が研修生に話したという事実」が主語になって、後ろをどのように変えても意味が通じない。tellは二重目的語を取るので、先行詞を含む関係代名詞whatにすれば、「彼が研修生に話した内容」が主語になって適切な文になる。 13. Error Recognition練習問題 (A)She's the supervisor (B)who's article (C)was published (D)in the newspaper. 訳:彼女は新聞に記事が掲載された主任である。 ※正解(B)。who's → whose。関係詞whoの所有格はwho'sではなくwhoseである。なお、このwhoseは先行詞が「人」のときだけでなく「もの」の場合でも使える。 (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 The Pyramids of Egypt are recognized ------ the greatest monuments of all time. (A) in being those (B) and are certain (C) as being some of (D) of being among ※正解(C)。be recognized as ... で「... として見なされている」の意味を表す。したがって、asを含む選択肢 as being some ofが正解となる。 2. 空所補充問題 Many people decide to ------ new hobbies, such as fishing or gardening, when they retire. (A) take up (B) take away (C) take over (D) take out ※正解(A)。各動詞の意味を確認しよう。take up「(趣味を)始める」 take away「持っていく」、take over「引き継ぐ」、take out「持って帰る」。正解はtake upである。 3. 空所補充問題 ------ , many people begin to think realistically for the first time about how long they will live. (A) In 40s (B) It is the 40s (C) During their 40s (D) They are the 40s ※正解C。In 40sでは冠詞のtheが不足している。It is the 40sではisとbeginで動詞がダブることになる。これはThey are the 40sにも当てはまる。正解はDuring their 40sである。 4. 空所補充問題 The fact that someone is strongly convinced of an idea does not ------ mean that the idea is correct. (A) in always (B) forever (C) of ever (D) necessarily ※正解(D)。in alwaysはinが余分である。foreverとof everでは意味が通じない。necessarilyならばnot necessarily mean that ... 「... を意味するとは限らない」の意味になる。 5. 空所補充問題 There are usually several means ------ a complex geometrical problem. (A) to solve (B) can solve (C) by them can be solved (D) we use them to solve ※正解(A)。meansは名詞で「手段」の意味。There areがあるので、この後にcan solveは使えない。by them can be solvedも動詞がダブルことになる。we use them to solveはthemが余分である。正解はto solveである。 6. 正誤問題 Liquid is (A)defined as material that (B)change its shape to (C)conform to the shape of (D)its container. ※正解(B)。関係代名詞thatの先行詞は単数形materialである。したがって、それを受けるchangeはchangesになる。 7. 正誤問題 The (A)Swiss army knife, (B)still in use by the military of that country, has become (C)a symbol of ingenuity and (D)useful. ※正解(D)。andの前には名詞ingenuity「工夫、精巧」がある。これに合わせて形容詞usefulは名詞useにしなくてはいけない。 8. 正誤問題 Nuclear fusion is (A)many more difficult to control (B)for practical purposes (C)than nuclear (D)fission. ※正解(A)。比較級more ... thanを強調する場合にはmanyではなく、muchあるいはfarなどを使わなくていけない。 9. 正誤問題 It is common (A)for adults to say they wish they (B)don't have to grow old, but it is (C)just as common to forget the (D)difficulties of childhood. ※正解(B)。wishがあることに注目。これは仮定法なので、don'tではなくdidn'tを用いることになる。 10. 正誤問題 Sharks generally prefer (A)not to eat human flesh even (B)when they have gained (C)a fearsome reputation (D)over the years. ※正解(B)。even whenでは前後の意味が繋がらない。even though「〜なのだが」に換えれば意味が通るようになる。 II.時事英文 中国語の勉強はいかが?Time to learn Mandarin? (その1:全7回シリーズ) 世界の大国の一つに数えられる中国の真髄に触れてみたくはないですか――。英語がある程度できるようになった学習者のために、筆者はこのエッセーで「中国語」の勉強を勧める。四声をはじめとして、中国語をマスターするのは難しそう、というのが一般的な見方だと思うのだが…。 By David Parmer You have been slugging away at English for years. Now you can read an article like this fairly easily, and more importantly, for pleasure. And now I am suggesting that you go down to the bottom of a new mountain, pick up a big rock and start climbing. Am I out of my mind? Not any more than usual. But hear me out. It might be time to start learning Chinese. So let me talk about two things: why and how. Mandarin 標準中国語 have been slugging away at 〜 〜をコツコツ勉強してきた fairly かなり bottom ふもと pick up 〜 〜を持ち上げる big rock 大きな岩(中国語のこと) Am I out of my mind? 何か変なこと言ってないかって? Not any more than usual. 普段どおりさ hear me out 私の言うことをよく聞いてほしい III - a. 雑知識
III-b. 英語のことわざ ◆He who laughs last, laughs the longest◆ "To have the last laugh" means to succeed when other people thought you would fail and had teased you or laughed at you because they had thought you had failed. This proverb says that pleasure that comes from this success is the best and the most long-lasting. III -c. 英語の新語 ◆Anorakish◆ An anorak is a type of jacket, usually brightly colored, that is worn in very cold weather. They became associated with people who were interested in trains. Those people would stand in the cold at train stations, wearing anoraks, and watch the trains go passed. Later, anoraks became associated with anyone who had an obsessive interest in something. They usually collected things and their social skills were not very good. There were otaku. So, these people are anorakish, or their interest is anorakish. If you have these anorakish interests, you can be said to suffer from anoraksia. III-d. 英語のフレーズ ◆ A life lived in fear is half-lived.◆ ( びくびくしながら生きているのは、半分しか生きていないことになる) III-e. 今週のイディオム the ball is in someone's court 次は〜の番だ、〜が行動する番である (it is someone's turn to take action or to reply) テニスに由来する表現で、「ボールが自分のコートに戻ってきて、それを打ち返す番になっている」の意味。交渉や返事のやりとりでよく使われます。 I've e-mailed her - now the ball is in her court. (僕は彼女にメールしてあるよ。今度は彼女が返事をくれる番だ) We've done all we can diplomatically, so that means the ball is in their court. (外交上の努力はすべて尽くした。つまり今度は彼らが行動を起こす番だ) IV. Jokes a. My mother, who is 93, lives simply but comfortably in an assisted-living home. Even though she has ample savings, she is always worried about the state of her finances. My brother-in-law tried to ease her mind by telling her, "I've calculated that, given your expenses, you have enough money for at least the next 16 years." "That's fine," Mum replied, "but how will I manage after that?" b. Once a year our church group holds a sale to raise money for its youth group. At our last sale, just as we finished putting everything out, a middle-aged man arrived in a huff. Growling, he yanked two sports coats and a few suits off the clothes rack, then stomped over to the payment table, where a puzzled volunteer asked if everything was all right. "I don't know what the world is coming to," the man said in an injured tone. "This is the third year running my wife's given my favorite clothes to this church sale!" huff 立腹、不機嫌 Growl うなる、ガミガミ言う、不平を言う yank グイッと引っ張る c. Knitting is a passion for my friend Elizabeth, who is a care-giver for the elderly. When she brings her clients to doctors appointments, she knits while she waits. Recently Elizabeth showed me a gorgeous scarf she'd made. "How long does something like that take?" I asked. "About one stress test and one colonoscopy," she estimated. Knitting 編物 passion 情熱 care-giver 介護人 stress test ストレス試験 colonoscopy 大腸内視鏡検査 |