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資料No. ： NS131009
I-1 TOEIC, TOEFL練習問題
(1) TOEIC 1. Part V ; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The trouble with the computer will be solved only _______ we install a new hard disk. (A) that (B) though (C) if (D) what 2. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 If your clothes _______ and you don't trust yourself to clean them up, our readers say the best place to go is Della's Cleaners. (A) had stained (B) are staining (C) are stained (D) would stain 3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 By April of next year, the majority of blue-collar workers _______ on strike at least once. (A) will have gone (B) have gone (C) will be going (D) had been going 4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Women are significantly _______ likely to die after heart bypass surgery than men, says a study released Wednesday. (A) much (B) more (C) most (D) mostly 5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 If the decision isn't favorable to us, please let me know as soon as possible so I can contact _______ companies. (A) another (B) other (C) others (D) either (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 Defined legally, a guardian is a person appointed by a court ----- another person, who is called a ward. (A) caring for (B) cared for (C) to care for (D) care for 2. 空所補充問題 It was in To Have and Have Not, the first movie Humphrey Bogart and Lauren Bacall starred in together, ----- Bacall uttered her famous line "If you need anything, just whistle." (A) that (B) where (C) which (D) who 3. 空所補充問題 The League of United Latin American Citizens, ----- in 1929 in Texas, is an organization of Spanish-speaking people in the United States. (A) found (B) founded (C) to found (D) founding 4. 空所補充問題 If the sun's energy output ----- by as little as five to seven percent, the result would be a global biological catastrophe. (A) were being to vary (B) been varying (C) would be varying (D) were to vary 5. 空所補充問題 "James" is ----- a common name that it identifies two English kings and five monarchs of Scotland. (A) so (B) such (C) very (D) much 6. 正誤問題 (A)Ever since the earliest (B)existing texts were set down, writers have always used (C)similes or metaphors to get a point (D)around. 7. 正誤問題 (A)The ceboid monkeys, (B)which include the marmosets and (C)tamarins, are native (D)of South and Central America. 8. 正誤問題 Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro are (A)Brazil's largest cities, (B)with populations of (C)over 17 million and 6 million, (D)respectfully. 9. 正誤問題 In (A)the early 19th century, Elizabeth Louise Vigee Le Brun (B)is one of the (C)most popular portrait painters in France (D)before the French Revolution. 10. 正誤問題 The (A)basis of kinship systems (B)is the concept of descent, (C)that begins (D)with the essential mother-child relationship. I-2 TOEIC, TOEFL 練習問題解答 (1) TOEIC 1. Part V ; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The trouble with the computer will be solved only _______ we install a new hard disk. (A) that (B) though (C) if (D) what 訳； そのコンピュータのトラブルは、新しいハードディスクを入れない限り解決しない。 ※正解(C)。 《解説》The trouble with the computer「コンピュータのトラブル」が主語。installは「（装置など）を取り付ける」の意味。only ifは「〜する場合だけ」の意味。すなわち、「〜をinstallする場合だけ解決される→〜しない限り解決しない」という内容の文となる。なお、if only 〜「〜しさえすれば」と混同しないこと。 2. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 If your clothes _______ and you don't trust yourself to clean them up, our readers say the best place to go is Della's Cleaners. (A) had stained (B) are staining (C) are stained (D) would stain 訳； 服を汚して、自分で洗濯する自信がないときに読者が一番に薦める店はデラのクリーニング店です。 ※正解(C)。《解説》雑誌か新聞の「良い店紹介コーナー」からとったと思われる文。If節があると、すぐ仮定法の文を作るのかという誤解もよくあるが、ここでは「単なる条件」を表すIf節で、動詞の時制は現在形でよい。stainは「〜を汚す」という意味の他動詞であるが、ここではyour clothesが主語になっているので、受け身にする。 3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 By April of next year, the majority of blue-collar workers _______ on strike at least once. (A) will have gone (B) have gone (C) will be going (D) had been going 訳； 来年の4月までに、大多数の工場労働者が少なくとも1度はストライキをするだろう。 ※正解(A)。《解説》着眼する語句はBy April of next year「来年の4月までには」。go on(a) strikeは「ストライキに入る」の意味。したがって、ポイントは「〜までには、ストライキに入っているだろう」という未来完了の文を作ることになる。未来完了は「will＋have＋過去分詞」の形が基本。 《選択肢》それぞれ (B) は現在完了、(C) は未来進行形、(D) は過去完了進行形。 4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Women are significantly _______ likely to die after heart bypass surgery than men, says a study released Wednesday. (A) much (B) more (C) most (D) mostly 訳； 水曜日に公表された研究によると、女性は男性よりも心臓のバイパス手術を受けて死亡する確率が相当高い。 ※正解(B)。《解説》全体としては、比較構文であることに注意。be likely to doで「〜しやすい」の意味になるが、この文では女性と男性を比べて、「女性は男性よりも〜で死亡しやすい」という内容。したがって、likelyの比較級を作ることになる。heart bypass surgery「心臓バイパス手術」、release「公表する」。 《選択肢》mostは最上級を作る他「大部分の」の意味で使われる。mostlyは副詞で「大部分は」の意味。 5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 If the decision isn't favorable to us, please let me know as soon as possible so I can contact _______ companies. (A) another (B) other (C) others (D) either 訳； だめな場合は他の会社を当たりますので、できるだけ早くお知らせください。 ※正解(B)。 《解説》ポイントは不定代名詞another, otherの使い方。anotherは「an ＋ other」で単数の可算名詞につけて、「 もう1つの, もう1人の」の意味。ここでは後ろにくる語はcompaniesと複数名詞であるからanotherはあり得ない。otherは形容詞として使うときは、「他の, 別の」の意味で複数名詞の前につける。 (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 Defined legally, a guardian is a person appointed by a court ----- another person, who is called a ward. (A) caring for (B) cared for (C) to care for (D) care for ※正解(C)。【解説】 a person who is appointed by a court to care for... のwho isが略されている。be appointed to... で「……するために任命される」の意味。guardian「後見人」。 2. 空所補充問題 It was in To Have and Have Not, the first movie Humphrey Bogart and Lauren Bacall starred in together, ----- Bacall uttered her famous line "If you need anything, just whistle." (A) that (B) where (C) which (D) who ※正解(A)。【解説】 空所の前のカンマに惑わされてはいけない。ここは関係代名詞whichではなく接続詞thatを用いる。この文はIt... that〜の強調構文である。 3. 空所補充問題 The League of United Latin American Citizens, ----- in 1929 in Texas, is an organization of Spanish-speaking people in the United States. (A) found (B) founded (C) to found (D) founding ※正解(B)。【解説】 The League「同盟、連盟」が発見されたのではなく、創設された(founded)のである。空所の前にwhich wasを補って考える。 4. 空所補充問題 If the sun's energy output ----- by as little as five to seven percent, the result would be a global biological catastrophe. (A) were being to vary (B) been varying (C) would be varying (D) were to vary ※正解(D)。【解説】 were being to varyとbeen varyingが空所に入らないのはすぐに分かるだろう。これは仮定法の文だがwould be varyingとvaryを進行形にする必要はない。were to ... で「もし……するとしたら」の意味になる。catastrophe「大惨事、大災害」。 5. 空所補充問題 "James" is ----- a common name that it identifies two English kings and five monarchs of Scotland. (A) so (B) such (C) very (D) much ※正解(B)。【解説】 冠詞aの前にveryとmuchは使えない。soも同様である。a common name that...で「とてもよくある名前なので……」の意味なる。 6. 正誤問題 (A)Ever since the earliest (B)existing texts were set down, writers have always used (C)similes or metaphors to get a point (D)around. ※正解(D)。【解説】 around → across。「（人に）分からせる、伝える」の意味にするにはaroundではなくacrossを用いる。simile「直喩」、metaphor「隠喩」。 7. 正誤問題 (A)The ceboid monkeys, (B)which include the marmosets and (C)tamarins, are native (D)of South and Central America. ※正解(D)。【解説】 of → to。冠詞The、関係代名詞whichと動詞includeの用法に問題はない。tamarins（サルの一種）の前に冠詞theは必要ない。be native to... で「……原産の」という意味。 8. 正誤問題 Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro are (A)Brazil's largest cities, (B)with populations of (C)over 17 million and 6 million, (D)respectfully. ※正解(D)。【解説】 respectfully → respectively。respectfullyは「うやうやしく」の意味。ここはrespectively「それぞれ」を使わなくては意味が通らない。 9. 正誤問題 In (A)the early 19th century, Elizabeth Louise Vigee Le Brun (B)is one of the (C)most popular portrait painters in France (D)before the French Revolution. ※正解(B)。【解説】 is → was。文頭にIn the early 19th century「19世紀初期において」があるので、isは過去形wasにしなくてはいけない。 10. 正誤問題 The (A)basis of kinship systems (B)is the concept of descent, (C)that begins (D)with the essential mother-child relationship. ※正解(C)。【解説】 that → which isはこの文の主語basis「基礎（単数）」に呼応している。関係代名詞thatの前にカンマがあるので、ここはwhichを用いる。前置詞withに問題はない。kinship「親戚関係」。 II. 時事英文 Kerry At ASEAN Ministerial Meeting (その1：全4回シリーズ) "ASEAN has been at the center of the Asia Pacific's regional architecture... [and] is also at the center of the United States' strategy to rebalance our resources and our engagement in the region," said U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry, in his opening remarks to the Association of South East Asian Nations, or ASEAN, Ministerial Meeting held recently in New York City. Those remarks reflect the increasing import the United States places on the East Asia and Pacific region and the important role of ASEAN. III - a. 雑知識 01. " turn a blind eye / 悪事に目をつむる " "I do not believe the world can simply turn a blind eye to the use of chemical weapons against a civilian population resulting in nearly 300 deaths, or more, and some 3,600 people hospitalized." は、シリアの化学兵器使用に対するオーストラリアのラッド首相の発言。Reuters 通信の記事から。 02. " walk in the park / 誰にでもできる簡単なこと " It's not easy racking up 4,000 hits in a professional baseball career; it was certainly no walk in the park for Ty Cobb or Pete Rose. は、日米通算４千安打を達成したイチロー選手に関する AJW の記事から。大リーグで４千安打を放ったのは史上３人目。 03. " put ... on notice / 〜に〜を警告する " 米国はシリアのアサド大統領に化学兵器の使用に対して責任を取らせると警告した。The United States put Syrian President Bashar Assad on notice that it believes he was responsible for using chemical weapons against civilians. は、Reuters 通信の記事から 04. " have yet to / まだ〜していない " 韓国の朴槿恵（パク・クネ）大統領が２月に就任して以降、安倍晋三首相との首脳会談がいまだ実現していない。Prime Minister Shinzo Abe and South Korean President Park Geun-hye have yet to hold a summit since she took office in February. は、The Asahi Shimbun AJW の記事から。 05. " hit ... off / （打者が投手から）ヒットを放つ " ヤンキースのイチロー選手は、ブルージェイズ戦の第１打席で、相手の先発投手ディッキーから左前打を放ち、日米通算４千本安打を記録した。Ichiro hit a line drive off Dickey that bounced just beyond diving third baseman Brett Lawrie for the milestone hit. は、AP 通信の記事から。 06. " plume / （空中にむくむくと立ち上る）煙 " The Sakurajima volcano sent up the highest plume in recorded history. は、８月18日に昭和火口としては観測史上最高の５千メートルの噴煙を記録した鹿児島市の桜島に関する The Asahi Shimbun AJW の記事から。 97. " ammunition / （議論における）攻撃手段、論拠 " The Aug. 5 crash of a U.S. military helicopter in Okinawa gave fresh ammunition to critics who say the bases aren't safe. は、沖縄県の米軍基地内で起きたヘリコプター墜落事故に関する Reuters 通信の記事から。 III -b. 英語でどう言う？ 「お金」に関する表現 問題 1 金になる あの小説家は打算的なタイプです。最高額が支払われる仕事以外は決して引き受けません。 That novelist is a calculating type. He never takes any job that doesn't pay absolutely top ( ). a. bidder b. business c. prize d. dollar 問題 2 金に目がくらむ マリコはイケメンの彼氏を捨てて、あの中年の富豪と結婚しました。お金に目がくらんだというわけです。 Mariko dumped her good-looking boyfriend and got married to the rich middle-aged man. Everybody is saying that she was ( ) by money. a. blinded b. shaded c. screened d. downed 問題 3 てっとり早く儲ける 私の同僚は株式投機で手っ取り早く儲けようとしたのですが、それどころか大金を失ってしまいました。 My colleague tried to make a fast ( ) speculating on stocks, but he actually lost a lot of money. a. track b. jackpot c. buck d. charge 問題 4 金に糸目をつけない かつての上司は退職して以来、時間と金に飽かせて奥さんと一緒に海外旅行を楽しんでいます。 Since he retired, my former boss has been enjoying overseas travel with his wife, neither ( ) time nor expense. a. exceeding b. sparing c. devoting d. throwing 問題 5 自費で ミカは奨学金を得ることができなかったので、自費でフランスへ留学することに決めました。 Because Mika couldn't get a scholarship, she decided to study in France at her own ( ). a. expense b. value c. price d. worth 問題 6 すねをかじる ケンタは40歳ですが、まだ両親のすねをかじっていて、朝から晩まで自分の部屋でパソコンゲームをして過ごしています。 Kenta is 40 years old, but he still ( ) his parents and stays in his room playing computer games all day long. a. eats up b. looks over c. lives off d. picks on 回答 1-d 2-a 3-c 4-b 5-a 8-c III -c. Elementary Question Question: Five Nordic countries have the same symbol on their national flags. What is it? Answe: Cross Though their colors are different, the national flags of Norway, Denmark, Sweeden, Finland and Iceland all share a long horizontal cross. IV. Jokes a. The seed of an idea At the garden centre my wife and I run, a man who'd already purchased various seedings over the previous weeks walked in with a problem that needed solving: his new vegetable garden was being torn apart by his neighbor's cats. "No problem," I said. "But it will require some input from your side - and it won't harm the cats." His relief was immense. "Anything to stop this nonsense!" he blurted. "You know that we sell catnip, and that it attracts cats?" I asked. "I've heard of that," he said, looking perplexed. "But I've told you, I don't want cats!" "That's where your input comes in." I said. "Hop the fence and plant them in your neighbor's garden." His face lit up. I've never sold so much catnip in one go. b. Sharing is caring I ran a general store in a small town and often took calls from remote properties asking me to deliver food and other goods to them. On one occasion, I was asked to send a teeth brush. "Do you want an expensive one or a cheap one?" I asked. "Make it a good one," was the reply. "There are five of us out here." c. Cold comfort Overheard in hospital ... Nurse: "When you get home, put ice on your eye to reduce the swelling. A bag of frozen peas works well, too." Patient: "We don't have frozen peas. What about canned peas?" |