資料No. : NS130501 

I-1 TOEIC, TOEFL練習問題
(1) TOEIC
1. Part V ; Incomplete Sentence練習問題
The key to our future success _______ increased productivity.
(A) depends  (B) had to be  (C) will be  (D) is likely

2. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題
Not only her children but also her mother _______ in the park.
(A) was  (B) have been  (C) being  (D) were

3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題
Are you sure we ought _______ this on the air later tonight?
(A) to show  (B) to be shown  (C) have shown  (D) show

4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題
He asked me to check all _______ major hotels while I was there.
(A) a  (B) an  (C) the  (D) some

5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題
Show me that report when he _______ out of the room.
(A) goes  (B) will go  (C) is gone  (D) went

6. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題
These _______ distributed at next week's meeting.
(A) were  (B) have been  (C) will  (D) are being

7. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題
I'm sorry we were so late. The train was _______.
(A) been delayed  (B) delay  (C) delayed  (D) delaying

(2) TOEFL
1. 空所補充問題
Throughout the history of Indian philosophy ----- a strong tendency toward metaphysical speculation.
(A) there have been (B) has there been (C) have there been (D) there has been

2. 空所補充問題
A lobotomy is a crude surgical operation in which a lobe brain is physically destroyed in an attempt ----- the symptoms of dementia.
(A) easing (B) eased (C) to ease (D) is eased

3. 空所補充問題
The Mediterranean fruit fly, a major agricultural pest, reappeared in Florida in 1957 ----- it had been thought to have been eliminated in 1931.
(A) despite of that (B) despite the fact that (C) in spite of (D) in spite of that fact

4. 空所補充問題
An armistice is an agreement between two or more enemies to cease hostilities indefinitely, ----- a truce is a temporary and often localized cease-fire.
(A) when (B) while (C) thus (D) during

5. 空所補充問題
Killed in a skirmish with natives of the Philippine island of Mactan, Ferdinand Magellan never personally completed the circumnavigation of the globe which he made ----.
(A) possible (B) possibly (C) possibility (D) possibilities

6. 正誤問題
Some experts (A)are believing that (B)the most important contribution of robotic science will be (C)to produce ever more humanoid (D)robots.

7. 正誤問題
(A)A comparison of titanium with other metals (B)reveals that (C)is it far stronger relative to (D)its density and weight.

8. 正誤問題
(A)Being able to afford a comfortably large house in a safe neighborhood with a (B)two-cars garage (C)has always been a part of the ideal materialistic lifestyle (D)known as the American Dream.

9. 正誤問題
The frequency (A)with which strikes occur in an industry (B)are a good indication of (C)whether workers are satisfied (D)or not.

10. 正誤問題
(A)Unlike other animals, human beings have developed technologies (B)that allow (C)we to live successfully in virtually any climate (D)on earth.

I-2 TOEIC, TOEFL 練習問題解答
(1) TOEIC
1. Part V ; Incomplete Sentence練習問題
The key to our future success _______ increased productivity.
(A) depends  (B) had to be  (C) will be  (D) is likely
訳; 当社の将来的な成功の鍵は生産性の向上です。
※正解(C)。 depends「…に拠る」を使う時は、Our future success depends on increased productivity. likely は「たぶん」の意味では、通常 very または most を伴います。「…しそうだ」の意味では、be likely to ... または be likely that ...です。

2. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題
Not only her children but also her mother _______ in the park.
(A) was  (B) have been  (C) being  (D) were
訳; 彼女の子供たちだけでなく、彼女の母親もその公園にいた。
※正解(A)。not only 〜 but also ... 「〜だけでなく…もまた」が主語の位置にある場合、動詞は ... に一致させます。したがって、ここでは her mother に呼応する、(A) の was が正解です。

3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題
Are you sure we ought _______ this on the air later tonight?
(A) to show  (B) to be shown  (C) have shown  (D) show
訳; これを今晩遅くに放送するべきだと本当に思いますか?
※正解(A)。 ought は後ろにがくるので (C)、(D) は不適切です。(B) は受動態で、「〜されるべきだ」という意味。

4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題
He asked me to check all _______ major hotels while I was there.
(A) a  (B) an  (C) the  (D) some
訳; そこにいる間に、すべての一流ホテルを調べるように彼に頼まれた。
※正解(C)。allで、その名詞の指すものすべてを表します。したがって、正解は (C) です。all は the の前にくるという語順に注意してください。

5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題
Show me that report when he _______ out of the room.
(A) goes  (B) will go  (C) is gone  (D) went
訳; 彼が部屋から出ていったら、そのレポートを見せてよ。
※正解(A)。彼が「部屋から出ていく」のは未来のことですが、when を使った「時」を表す副詞節の中では、未来のことでも現在形で表します。したがって、正解は (A) になります。I don't know when he will come back.「彼がいつ帰るかわかりません」など、名詞節のときは未来形を使いますから、注意しましょう。

6. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題
These _______ distributed at next week's meeting.
(A) were  (B) have been  (C) will  (D) are being
訳; これは来週の会議で配布されます。
※正解(D)。 「来週の会議で」という未来の内容を表す副詞句がヒントです。(A) の過去形や (B) の現在完了では不適切です。また、(C) の未来を表す助動詞 will の後には distributed はきません。正解は (D) で、受動態の進行形で未来を表しています。

7. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題
I'm sorry we were so late. The train was _______.
(A) been delayed  (B) delay  (C) delayed  (D) delaying
訳; 遅れてすみません。電車が遅れたんです。
※正解(C)。delay は「遅らせる」という意味の他動詞です。ここでは the train が主語なので受動態になります。(A) や (B) では直前の be 動詞の was につながりません。

(2) TOEFL
1. 空所補充問題
Throughout the history of Indian philosophy ----- a strong tendency toward metaphysical speculation.
(A) there have been (B) has there been (C) have there been (D) there has been
※正解(D)。【解説】 問題文は疑問文ではない。また、空所の後にはa strong tendencyと単数形の名詞が続いている。したがって、正解は(D) there has beenになる。metaphysical speculation「形而上学思索」。

2. 空所補充問題
A lobotomy is a crude surgical operation in which a lobe brain is physically destroyed in an attempt ----- the symptoms of dementia.
(A) easing (B) eased (C) to ease (D) is eased
※正解(C)。【解説】 in an attempt to ...(動詞) で「... しようとする」の意味になる。正解は(C)。lobotomy「脳葉切開術」。

3. 空所補充問題
The Mediterranean fruit fly, a major agricultural pest, reappeared in Florida in 1957 ----- it had been thought to have been eliminated in 1931.
(A) despite of that (B) despite the fact that (C) in spite of (D) in spite of that fact
※正解(B)。【解説】 despiteの後に前置詞ofは必要ない。また、in spite ofの後に文を続けることはできない。さらに、in spite of that factの後にit had been .. と文を続けることもできない。正解は(B) despite the fact thatである。

4. 空所補充問題
An armistice is an agreement between two or more enemies to cease hostilities indefinitely, ----- a truce is a temporary and often localized cease-fire.
(A) when (B) while (C) thus (D) during
※正解(B)。【解説】 前半でarmistice「休戦」について、後半でtruce「停戦」について説明している。この2つの文を繋ぐには(B) while「一方」を使えばいい。

5. 空所補充問題
Killed in a skirmish with natives of the Philippine island of Mactan, Ferdinand Magellan never personally completed the circumnavigation of the globe which he made ----.
(A) possible (B) possibly (C) possibility (D) possibilities
※正解(A)。【解説】 madeの目的語はthe circumnavigation of the gloveである。he made the circumnavigation of the glove possibleとすれば意味が通る。circumnavigation「周航する(一周する)」。

6. 正誤問題
Some experts (A)are believing that (B)the most important contribution of robotic science will be (C)to produce ever more humanoid (D)robots.
※正解(A)。【解説】 are believing → believe。believe「信じる」は進行形にする必要はない。the most(最上級)、to(不定詞名詞用法)、robots(可算名詞)に誤りはない。humanoid「人そっくりの」。

7. 正誤問題
(A)A comparison of titanium with other metals (B)reveals that (C)is it far stronger relative to (D)its density and weight.
※正解(C)。【解説】 is it → it is。comparison「比較」は可算名詞である。revealsはA comparisonに呼応している。that節に続く文をis itと疑問文になっているのはおかしい。itsはtitaniumを指している。density「濃度」。

8. 正誤問題
(A)Being able to afford a comfortably large house in a safe neighborhood with a (B)two-cars garage (C)has always been a part of the ideal materialistic lifestyle (D)known as the American Dream.
※正解(B)。【解説】 two-cars → two-car。two-carsとハイフンがついていることに注目。この句は形容詞として用いられている。したがって、複数形のsは必要ない。materialistic「物質主義の」。

9. 正誤問題
The frequency (A)with which strikes occur in an industry (B)are a good indication of (C)whether workers are satisfied (D)or not.
※正解(B)。【解説】 are → is。with whichの用法に問題はない。この文の主語は単数the frequencyである。それに呼応してareはisにしなければいけない。whether ... or notに誤りはない。

10. 正誤問題
(A)Unlike other animals, human beings have developed technologies (B)that allow (C)we to live successfully in virtually any climate (D)on earth.
※正解(C)。【解説】 we → us。前置詞Unlikeと関係代名詞thatに問題はない。他動詞allowの目的語はweではなくusである。on earthで「地上の」という意味。

II. 時事英文
North Korean Proliferators Designated (その7:全8回シリーズ)
North Korea will face further isolation if it refuses to take concrete steps to comply with its international obligations and address the concerns of the international community over its nuclear and ballistic missile programs.

III - a. 雑知識
01. " stand out / 突出する、卓越する "
Even in a country rich with hot springs, Oita Prefecture stands out as one of the most blessed.
温泉の湧出(ゆうしゅつ)量日本一を誇る大分県について言及した The Asahi Shimbun AJW の記事から。

02. " recidivism / 常習的犯罪 "
"I believe recidivism will drop if prejudice (against former inmates) is eliminated in Japanese society."
借釈放された旧ライブドアの堀江貴文元社長に関する The Asahi Shimbun AJW の記事から。受刑者の中には再犯者が多かったといい、服役を終えた人を受け入れる社会の仕組みが必要だと述べた。

03. " mothball / 操業停止にする "
名詞では「防虫剤」。
North Korea vowed to restart all mothballed facilities at its main Yongbyon nuclear complex.
2007年の6者協議の合意に基づいて稼働を停止していた寧辺(ヨンビョン)の原子炉の再稼働を表明した北朝鮮に関する AP 通信の記事から。

04. " persist with / 〜を頑強に続ける "
Panasonic's president said on March 28 the company will persist with trying to fix its money-losing TV business.
テレビ事業を継続していくことを発表したパナソニックの津賀一宏社長に関する AP 通信の記事から。

05. " take effect / (条約などが)効力を生じる "
The government plans to celebrate the anniversary of April 28, 1952, when the San Francisco Peace Treaty took effect.
政府が4月28日に開催を予定している「主権回復の日」の式典に関する AJW の記事から。1952年4月28日にサンフランシスコ講和条約が発効した。

06. " reinstate / 人を復帰させる "
日本相撲協会は、八百長問題で一昨年春に解雇した元幕内・蒼国来(そうこくらい)さんを、7月7日初日の名古屋場所から復帰させることを決めた。
An extraordinary session of the Japan Sumo Association board of directors reinstated Sokokurai. は、The Asahi Shimbun AJW の記事から。

07. " the reins / (比喩的に)組織の支配、統率 "
reinは馬などの「手綱」のこと。
ソニーのハワード・ストリンガー取締役会議長が6月で退任する意向を固めた。"I was pleased to hand the reins to Kazuo Hirai last year because I saw in him the right mix of skills to lead Sony." は、AP 通信の記事から。

III -b. 英語でどう言う?
「退く」に関係のある表現

問題 1 後任
私の秘書が別の会社へ転職してしまいました。できるだけ早く、適当な後任を探さなくてはなりません。
My secretary hag found a new job in another company. I have to find a suitable ( ) as soon as possible.
a. alternative b. appointment c. replacement d. connection

問題 2 年金生活に入る
私は定年に近づいています。来年から年金生活に入れるといいのですが。
I'm close to mandatory retirement age. I wish I could start ( ) a pension next year.
a. pulling b. drawing c. pushing d. stepping

問題 3 後進に道を譲る
アオキさんはこの印刷工場の経営に長く携わってきたが、そろそろ引退して後進に道を譲る時期だ。
Mr. Aoki has long been managing this printing company. I think it's time for him to resign his post to make ( ) for a younger person.
a. right b. way c. face d. life

問題 4 辞任する
その証券会社の会長は、会計疑惑の結果、辞任に追い込まれた。
The CEO of the brokage house was forced to ( ) out as a result of the accounting scandal.
a. stand b. pick c. hbow d. flow

回答 1-c 2-b 3-b 4-c

III -c. News Glossary
IOC's Evaluation Commission
国際オリンピック委員会評価委員会
The International Olympic Committee will conduct a four day evaluation of Tokyo's plan to host the 2020 Summer Olympics and Paralympic Games. The IOC's Evaluation Commission will begin assessing the capacity of three candidate cities - Tokyo, Istanbul and Madrid - to host the Games.
 東京の2020年夏季五輪とパラリンピック招致で、国際オリンピック委員会(IOC)は、4日間にわたる現地視察を行う。IOC評価委員会が、三つの立候補地、東京、イスタンブール、マドリードの五輪開催地としての能力の評価を開始する。

IV. Jokes
a. A customer pulled up to my drive-through window at the fast-food restaurant where I worked and requested something from the lunch menu.
"I'm sorry, but it's 10.15," I told her. "We're serving breakfast now."
After thinking it over, she asked, "Do you have anything on your breakfast menu that tastes like lunch?"

b. Someone used to eat my friend's lunch every day at work, and finally he came up with a trick he thought would solve the problem. He left a note on his lunch: "To the person who always eats my lunch, I've spat on the food you're about to eat."
To his dismay, the solution backfired. When went to the lunchroom, he was surprised to see another note: "To the idiot who spat on his own lunch, I've also spat on the food."

c. I was driving when I saw the flash of a traffic camera. I figured that my picture had been taken for speeding, even though, I knew I wasn't. Just to be sure, I went around the block and passed the same spot, driving even more slowly. But again the camera flashed.
Thinking this was pretty funny, I drove past even slower three more times, laughing as the camera snapped away each time while I drove by it at a snail's pace.
Two weeks later, I received five tickets in the mail for driving without a seat belt.

d. A baby mosquito had just returned after his first flight. Daddy mosquito asked, "So, son, how did it feel?"
The baby mosquito replied. "Wow, Dad, it was wonderful. Everyone was clapping for me!"



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