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資料No. ： NS120627
I-1 TOEIC, TOEFL練習問題 (1) TOEIC 1. Part V ; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 I suspect he has intentionally included figures that _______ in the expense budget. (A) have not should be (B) should have not been (C) should not have been (D) ought to not have been 2. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Once the train _______ the city, we won't be able to use the telephone. (A) will leave (B) leaves from (C) leaves (D) left from 3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Man has been striving to improve rice _______ over 7,000 years, ever since rice cultivation was initiated in Asia. (A) more than (B) from (C) since (D) for 4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The officer _______ his men to fight well in the coming battle. (A) hoped (B) expected (C) aimed (D) demanded 5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Please _______ him that he is required to get a temporary badge from a receptionist. (A) relate (B) repeat (C) remind (D) recollect 6. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 In spite of circumstantial evidence pointing to his guilt, the accused _______ that he was innocent. (A) interrogated (B) inquired (C) persuaded (D) maintained 7. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Since John lacks experience in negotiation, he feels so _______ whenever he meets potential clients. (A) awkward (B) awkwardly (C) easy (D) easily (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 Before the U.S. Air Force was established ----- an independent entity, military aviation was conducted by the Army Air Corps. (A) to (B) as (C) at (D) on 2. 空所補充問題 The dried leaves of the purple foxglove garden flower ----- digitalis. (A) are often referred to as (B) often to refer to as (C) as often as are referred to (D) are to be often as referred to 3. 空所補充問題 If the Russian Revolution hadn't ousted the Romanovs from power in 1917, their dynasty ----- for some years. (A) had continued (B) may continue (C) continued (D) might have continued 4. 空所補充問題 Islands in the central Pacific Ocean tend to be composed of higher proportions of volcanic rock than those ----- closer to the continents. (A) would locate (B) located (C) can locate (D) locate 5. 空所補充問題 ----- an American-born painter working in England in the 1770s who depicted contemporary history in his work. (A) Benjamin West was (B) Benjamin West being (C) Benjamin West (D) Being Benjamin West 6. 正誤問題 (A)A Molotov cocktail is a glass bottle of (B)flammable liquid (C)stopped with a flaming rag, (D)serves as a crude firebomb. 7. 正誤問題 (A)Withholding income tax (B)tends to increase tax revenue, (C)in part because the taxpayer in effect is forced to extend (D)a interest-free loan to the treasury. 8. 正誤問題 (A)The Algonquin Indians are Native Americans (B)who originally (C)come to Canada's Ottawa River region thousands (D)of years ago. 9. 正誤問題 (A)Any form of government (B)in which the leadership (C)is elected, usually for specified terms of office, is (D)calling a republic. 10. 正誤問題 The work (A)song of sailors were (B)marked by rhythm in order to help teams of men (C)coordinate (D)their efforts to haul ropes and move heavy objects. I-2 TOEIC, TOEFL 練習問題解答 (1) TOEIC 1. Part V ; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 I suspect he has intentionally included figures that _______ in the expense budget. (A) have not should be (B) should have not been (C) should not have been (D) ought to not have been 訳；経費予算に含めるべきではない数字が入っているのは彼の意図的なしわざではないかと思う。 ※正解(C)。【選択肢】法助動詞 (should) は第1助動詞 (have) に先行し、その逆は成立しないので (A) は不可。否定文ではnotは法助動詞の後に配置されるので (B) は不可。ought toを否定文で用いる場合notはtoの前にくるので (D) は不可。したがって残る (C) が正解となる。figures that should not have been in 〜は｢〜にあるべきではなかった（のに実際は入っていた）数字｣を指す。 2. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Once the train _______ the city, we won't be able to use the telephone. (A) will leave (B) leaves from (C) leaves (D) left from 訳；電車が市外に出てしまうと、その時点で電話は使えなくなるだろう。 ※正解(C)。【着眼点】接続詞用法のonceは｢いったん [一度] …すると｣｢…するやいなや｣の意で、if, when, after, as soon asなどと同様条件や時の副詞節を導く。したがって主節が未来時制（won't be）でも選ぶのはleaves（現在時制）。 【選択肢】leaveは｢（今いる所を）発って〜へ向かう｣の意でleave for 〜（〜＝目的地）の形をとることはあるが、leave from 〜（〜＝離れる場所）は不可。 3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Man has been striving to improve rice _______ over 7,000 years, ever since rice cultivation was initiated in Asia. (A) more than (B) from (C) since (D) for 訳；アジアで稲作が始まって以来、7000年以上にわたって人類は米の改良を目指して努力を重ねてきた。 ※正解(D)。【着眼点】has been strivingは過去のある時点から現在まで｢努力する (strive) ｣という行為が反復継続していることを表す現在完了進行形。ever sinceのsince はその努力が始まった時点がいつかを示す時の副詞節を導く接続詞（everは｢（ ...して以来）ずっと｣）。そしてover 7,000 yearsは努力の継続期間であり、｢期間｣を導入するにはforを用いる。 【選択肢】more thanはoverと意味が重なる。 4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The officer _______ his men to fight well in the coming battle. (A) hoped (B) expected (C) aimed (D) demanded 訳；将校は来たるべき戦闘で兵士が立派に戦ってくれるものと期待した。 ※正解(B)。【着眼点】｢O (his men) ＋to不定詞 (to fight) ｣を従えられるのはexpectのみ。 【選択肢】hope, aim（目指す [努力する] ）, demand（要求する）は｢hope／aim ／demand＋to不定詞｣の形はある（I demand to know the truth.＝ぜひ真実を知りたい）。 5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Please _______ him that he is required to get a temporary badge from a receptionist. (A) relate (B) repeat (C) remind (D) recollect 訳；受付で臨時のバッジを交付してもらう必要がある旨を彼に念を押しておいてください。 ※正解(C)。【文構造】「____ (V) ＋him (IO) ＋that節 (DO) 」の第4文型。 【着眼点】「人＋that節」の形を従えられるのはremind（思い起こさせる、念を押す）だけである。 【選択肢】relate（＝（順序立てて）話す）は｢relate（to＋人）＋that節｣の形はとるが第4文型は不可。repeat（＝繰り返して言う）も同様。recollectは｢〜を思い出す｣の意でOにthat節をとる形（第3文型）は可能だが｢人に物事を思い出させる｣の意はない。 6. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 In spite of circumstantial evidence pointing to his guilt, the accused _______ that he was innocent. (A) interrogated (B) inquired (C) persuaded (D) maintained 訳；状況証拠からすれば有罪であるのだが、被告は無罪を主張した。 ※正解(D)。【文構造】｢the accused (S) ____ (V) that節 (O) ｣ の第3文型。accusedはtheがつくと｢被告人｣の意になる。In spite of 〜は｢〜にもかかわらず｣の意で副詞句を導く。 【着眼点】that節をOにとって第3文型を作れるのはmaintain（主張する）のみ。 【選択肢】interrogate は｢（人）を尋問する｣の意。inquire （＝問う）はwh節ならOにとれる。persuade（＝説得する）は｢persuade＋人＋that節｣の第4文型はある。 7. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Since John lacks experience in negotiation, he feels so _______ whenever he meets potential clients. (A) awkward (B) awkwardly (C) easy (D) easily 訳；ジョンは交渉の経験が不足しているので、顧客になりそうな人に会うたびにまごまごする。 ※正解(A)。【文構造】Since 〜 negotiationは「理由」、またwhenever（＝at any time when）〜 clientsは「時」を表す副詞節。骨格部分はhe (S) feels (V) __ となる。 【着眼点】since節の内容から考えて空所にはネガティブな語がくるから (C) と (D) は消える。he feels 〜は「he＝〜であるように感じる」の意でfeelは「である型」の不完全自動詞。空所にはＣがくるが、副詞はＣにならないから (A) のawkwardが正解。 (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 Before the U.S. Air Force was established ----- an independent entity, military aviation was conducted by the Army Air Corps. (A) to (B) as (C) at (D) on ※正解(B)。【解説】 be established as... で「……として設立される、確立される」の意味になる。正解は(B)。 2. 空所補充問題 The dried leaves of the purple foxglove garden flower ----- digitalis. (A) are often referred to as (B) often to refer to as (C) as often as are referred to (D) are to be often as referred to ※正解(A)。【解説】 (B)と(C)を空所に入れるとこの文の動詞がないことになる。(D)are to be often as referred toの語順がおかしいのは明らか。正解は(A)are often referred to as「しばしば……と呼ばれる」である。foxglove「ジギタリス（植物）」。 3. 空所補充問題 If the Russian Revolution hadn't ousted the Romanovs from power in 1917, their dynasty ----- for some years. (A) had continued (B) may continue (C) continued (D) might have continued ※正解(D)。【解説】 If the Russian Revolution hadn't ousted ... と仮定法過去完了になっているので、(D)might have continuedが空所に入ることになる。これで「もし……しなかったら、〜が続いていたかもしれない」の意味になる。oust「追放する」。 4. 空所補充問題 Islands in the central Pacific Ocean tend to be composed of higher proportions of volcanic rock than those ----- closer to the continents. (A) would locate (B) located (C) can locate (D) locate ※正解(B)。【解説】 locate「置く」はbe locatedで「位置する」の意味を表す。thoseの後にthat/which areが略されていることに気づけば(B) locatedが正解であることが分かる。be composed of ... 「……で構成されている」。 5. 空所補充問題 ----- an American-born painter working in England in the 1770s who depicted contemporary history in his work. (A) Benjamin West was (B) Benjamin West being (C) Benjamin West (D) Being Benjamin West ※正解(A)。【解説】 空所以降にこの文の動詞がないので、(A) Benjamin West wasが正解となる。depict「描く」。 6. 正誤問題 (A)A Molotov cocktail is a glass bottle of (B)flammable liquid (C)stopped with a flaming rag, (D)serves as a crude firebomb. ※正解(D)。【解説】 Molotov cocktail「火炎瓶」は可算名詞である。形容詞flammable「可燃性の」に問題はない。stoppedの前にはthat/which isが略されている。servesのままでは前のisと動詞がダブってしまう。ここは分詞を使ってserving as ... とすればいい。 7. 正誤問題 (A)Withholding income tax (B)tends to increase tax revenue, (C)in part because the taxpayer in effect is forced to extend (D)a interest-free loan to the treasury. ※正解(D)。【解説】 a → an。文頭の動名詞Withholdingに問題はない。tend to ... は「 ……する傾向がある」、in partは「部分的には、一つには」の意味。形容詞interest-freeの前に冠詞aがあるが、当然aではなくanにしなくてはいけない。 8. 正誤問題 (A)The Algonquin Indians are Native Americans (B)who originally (C)come to Canada's Ottawa River region thousands (D)of years ago. ※正解(C)。【解説】 come → came。冠詞The、関係代名詞whoに誤りはない。thousands of years ago「何千年も前」が使われているのでcomeは過去形cameにしなければならない。 9. 正誤問題 (A)Any form of government (B)in which the leadership (C)is elected, usually for specified terms of office, is (D)calling a republic. ※正解(D)。【解説】 calling → called。【解説】Any form、前置詞と関係代名詞whichの用法、受け身is electedに問題はない。callingをcalledにしなければ「共和国と呼ばれる」の意味にならない。 10. 正誤問題 The work (A)song of sailors were (B)marked by rhythm in order to help teams of men (C)coordinate (D)their efforts to haul ropes and move heavy objects. ※正解(A)。【解説】 song → songs。主語がThe work songと単数形だが、それに呼応するbe動詞がwereになっている。songsと複数形にしなければ文が成立しない。 II. 時事英文 Human Rights Still Suffer In Cuba (その4：全5回シリーズ) As in previous years, human rights conditions in Cuba are a particular concern. Most reported abuses were official acts committed at the direction of a government dominated by the Communist Party, so the perpetrators enjoyed impunity for their actions. Citizens are harassed and intimidated to keep them from speaking out on the island nation's political conditions. There was an increase in the number of political activists detained for speaking out. The number of short-term detentions in December 2011 rose to the highest level in 30 years. III - a. 雑知識
｢薬｣に関連した表現 問題 1 処方せん 診察の後で処方せんをもらい、それを持って薬局に行き薬を買った。 I received a ( ) after a medical examination and then took it to a pharmacy to buy the medicine. a. description b. transcription c. subscription d. prescription 問題 2 市販の薬 海外旅行に出かける際は、必ず十分な量の市販の胃薬を持って行くようにしなさい。 When you make an overseas trip, be sure to take enough over-the-( ) stomach medicine. a. counter b. store c. course d. shelf 問題 3 目薬をさす 1日に3回、その目薬をさすように医者に言われた。 The doctor told me that I should put the ( ) in my eyes three times a day. a. eyeshots b. eyedrops c. eyelids d. eyelashes 問題 4 (薬が)驚くほどよく効く アスピリンが驚くほどよく効いて、頭痛がきれいになくなった。 The aspirin ( ) wonders for me and cleared my headache up. a. Promoted b. drove c. applied d. worked 回答 1-d 2-a 3-b 4-d III -c. News Glossary U.N. cease-fire observers 国連停戦監視団 The Security Council unanimously approved a resolution April 21 expanding the number of U.N. cease-fire observers in Syria from 30 to 300 and demanding an immediate halt to the violence that has been escalating since the governmednt and opposition agreed to end hostilities more than a week ago. 国連安全保障理事会は4月21日、シリアへの国連停戦監視団を30人から300人に拡大し、戦闘の即時停止を求める決議案を全会一致で採択した。シリアでの戦闘は1週間以上前にシリア政府と反体制派との間で停戦合意が成立したにもかかわらず、激化し続けている。 IV. Jokes a. "Help me, doctor," pleaded a man to his doctor desperately. "Every night I dream that I am boxing." "And do you wake up in the morning feeling all beaten up?" inquired his doctor. "Not me, doctor," the man replied helplessly. "Just my wife." b. An ailing grandmother is talking to her favourite granddaughter. "Lori, I am old and weak, and I know that the time for me to leave is near. I want you to inherit my farm, including the barn, the villa, the tractors, the farmhouse, all the livestock, and the piggery." "Wow," said Lori, stunned. "Thank you so much, Grandma! I didn't know you even had a farm. Where is it?" Her grandmother replied, "You can find it on my Facebook account. Just click on the Farmville bookmart after you log on. My e-mail address is "dgranny@yahoo.com," and the password is 'just4lori'." c. I went to a funeral yesterday with my girlfriend. It was the first time I had met most of her family. God, they're miserable. d. Two old friends meet. One asks the other: "So, how do you like being maddied?" "Great! I feel like I'm 16 all over again." "Really?" asked his friend incredulously. "Yup - I smoke in the toilet, and drink on the sly." e. What a rip-off these so-called "oven gloves" are. I poured a chicken casserole in mine - two hours later, it was still uncooked, and had only made a terrible mess. |