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資料No. ： NS120118
I-1 TOEIC, TOEFL練習問題
(1) TOEIC 1. Part V ； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 _______ you work all night, you won't finish by the morning. (A) Even (B) Even if (C) Furthermore (D) Nevertheless 2. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The man you just asked about is sitting near the window _______ the host and his wife. (A) among (B) besides (C) between (D) closely 3. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 In that area a lot of people carry concealed weapons _______ being attacked by bandits. (A) in case (B) just in case (C) in any case (D) in case of 4. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 We regret that _______ the typhoon we were not able to finish the project on time. (A) due for (B) owing from (C) because of (D) because 5. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 I'm getting a little worried about Bill because I haven't heard from him _______. (A) lately (B) on late (C) now a day (D) in these days 6. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The new phone system will allow us to contact our branches _______. (A) directional (B) directive (C) director (D) directly 7. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 I don't think they're working _______ to finish on schedule. (A) enough fast (B) fast enough (C) quite enough fast (D) very fast enough (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 According to Einstein's theory of relativity, the speed of light is not relative, ----- constant. (A) but (B) and (C) or (D) despite 2. 空所補充問題 When the tunnel connecting France ----- England was completed in the 1990s, they created the first dry connection between the two land masses since the Ice Age. (A) for (B) with (C) while (D) where 3. 空所補充問題 The fiber produced by some species of spider ----- that it has up to 200 times the tensile strength of steel wire of the same thickness. (A) so resilient (B) is so resilient (C) is resilient (D) which is so resilient 4. 空所補充問題 The lack of detailed information on the private life of Shakespeare has led to ----- that he may be a legendary figure. (A) speculate (B) speculating (C) speculation (D) speculative 5. 空所補充問題 The controversy over whether the solar system ----- heliocentric began before, and continued long after Copernicus formally proposed the idea. (A) being (B) were (C) is (D) has been 6. 正誤問題 Beer was considered an important source of nutrition in a 17th century, especially on long sea voyages. (A) Beer (B) considered (C) a (D) on 7. 正誤問題 (A)Given a limited supply of essential nutrients, the rate (B)which a population of microorganisms (C)increases will limit the duration of (D)its growth. 8. 正誤問題 As is (A)the cases with many artists, the genius of French (B)critic, composer and conductor Louis Hector Berlioz (C)was not understood (D)until decades after his death in 1869. 9. 正誤問題 (A)Ever since the earliest (B)existing texts were set down, writers have always used similes (C)or metaphors to get a point (D)around. 10. 正誤問題 (A)Any birth that occurs (B)less than 37 weeks (C)after conception is considered premature, (D)requires special medical attention. I-2 TOEIC, TOEFL 練習問題解答 (1) TOEIC 1. Part V ； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 _______ you work all night, you won't finish by the morning. (A) Even (B) Even if (C) Furthermore (D) Nevertheless 訳；たとえ徹夜でやっても、朝までに仕上がることはないだろう。 ※正解(B)。【着眼点】文頭にきて後続する2つの節を文法的・意味的に結合できるのは従位接続詞のifを含む (B) のみ。even if 〜 は「たとえ〜でも」の意。 【選択肢】evenだけが独立して従位接続詞機能を果たすことはない。furthermore（さらにその上に）やnevertheless（それにもかかわらず）は、「前に言われたこと」とのつながりを示すもので、後続する2つの節どうしをこれらによって結ぶことはできない。 2. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The man you just asked about is sitting near the window _______ the host and his wife. (A) among (B) besides (C) between (D) closely 訳；あなたが今し方お尋ねになった方は、窓の近くでホスト夫妻にはさまれて座っているあの方です。 ※正解(C)。【着眼点】消去法でいくと、amongは3人以上に用いるから (A) は不可。besidesには位置関係の近さを表す用法はないから (B) も不可。closelyは副詞で問題外。ということで正解は (C) となる。英語では、このようにまずnear the windowと大まかなほうを言って、続くbetween the host and his wifeで絞り込む、という形が好まれる （cf. out in the garden）。 3. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 In that area a lot of people carry concealed weapons _______ being attacked by bandits. (A) in case (B) just in case (C) in any case (D) in case of 訳；その地域では、追いはぎに遭ったときの用心に多くの人が武器を隠し持って歩いている。 ※正解(D)。【着眼点】空所の後の -ing形（動名詞）とうまくつながるものをさがすと、群前置詞の (D) となる。in case of 〜は「〜に備えて、〜の用心のために」ということで、この意の場合は文の後半に位置するのが通例。もう1つ「〜の場合は、〜が起こったら」の意もあるが、その場合は文頭がふつう。 【選択肢】(A) はifの意の群接続詞または「万一に備えて」の意の副詞句。(B) は副詞句としての (A) にjustがついたもの。(C) は「とにかく、いずれにせよ」の意の副詞句。 4. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 We regret that _______ the typhoon we were not able to finish the project on time. (A) due for (B) owing from (C) because of (D) because 訳；台風のためにプロジェクトが予定どおり終了できなかったのが残念である。 ※正解(C)。【着眼点】「台風のために」の意を伝える正しい群前置詞を選ぶ問題。 【選択肢】dueとowingはいずれもtoと結びついて「〜のために」の意になる。(D) のbecauseは接続詞。 5. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 I'm getting a little worried about Bill because I haven't heard from him _______. (A) lately (B) on late (C) now a day (D) in these days 訳；このところビルから連絡がないので少し心配になってきてるところだ。 ※正解(A)。【着眼点】「このところ彼から連絡がない」という文脈。latelyは「最近」の意で通例完了形とともに用いる。 【選択肢】(B) はof late（=lately）なら可。(C) は「今日［当節］の」の意の形容詞。「今日［近頃］では」はthese daysとは言うがinはつけない（ → cf. in those days）。 6. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The new phone system will allow us to contact our branches _______. (A) directional (B) directive (C) director (D) directly 訳；その新しい電話システムは支店と直に連絡をとることを可能にしてくれるだろう。 ※正解(D)。【着眼点】動詞のcontact（〜に連絡する）を修飾する副詞を選ぶ問題。接尾辞から容易に判断できる。 【選択肢】(A), (B) は形容詞語尾をもっている。(C) は副詞のdirectを比較級にしたつもりかもしれないが、副詞の場合この形はない（※最上級のdirectestは時に使われることもある）。なお、形容詞の場合はmore型と -er型両方の比較変化がある。 7. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 I don't think they're working _______ to finish on schedule. (A) enough fast (B) fast enough (C) quite enough fast (D) very fast enough 訳；あの人たちの仕事のはかどり具合では予定どおり終了しそうにない。 ※正解(B)。【着眼点】副詞 (fast) を修飾するenoughの位置に関する問題。enoughはfastの後にこなければならない。 【選択肢】(A) と (C) は語順が不可。(D) は語順の点では問題ないが、fastの前にさらにveryがついている点がよくない（ → ×very fast [carefully, etc.] enoughのような言い方はしない）。なお、enough自体をextremely, so [too] much, very (much) などの程度副詞で修飾するのも不可なので注意（×extremely [so (much), too (much), very (much) ] enough）。quiteについてはquite fast enoughのように言うことはできる。 【文構造】enoughはよくto不定詞を従えて「to以下ができるくらい十分」の意で用いられる。 (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 According to Einstein's theory of relativity, the speed of light is not relative, ----- constant. (A) but (B) and (C) or (D) despite ※正解(A)。【解説】 not... but〜を使えば、「……ではなく〜である」の意味になる。 2. 空所補充問題 When the tunnel connecting France ----- England was completed in the 1990s, they created the first dry connection between the two land masses since the Ice Age. (A) for (B) with (C) while (D) where ※正解(B)。【解説】 空所に接続詞while、関係副詞whereが入るはずがない。動詞connectingと一緒に用いられる前置詞は何か？正解は(B) withである。 3. 空所補充問題 The fiber produced by some species of spider ----- that it has up to 200 times the tensile strength of steel wire of the same thickness. (A) so resilient (B) is so resilient (C) is resilient (D) which is so resilient ※正解(B)。【解説】 接続詞thatの前にこの文の動詞がなければこの文は成立しない。is so resilientを空所に入れればso...that構文になる。 4. 空所補充問題 The lack of detailed information on the private life of Shakespeare has led to ----- that he may be a legendary figure. (A) speculate (B) speculating (C) speculation (D) speculative ※正解(C)。【解説】 leadの後のtoは前置詞である。したがって、この後には名詞が来るはずである。正解は(C)speculationである。lead to speculation that... 「……だという憶測を呼ぶ」。 5. 空所補充問題 The controversy over whether the solar system ----- heliocentric began before, and continued long after Copernicus formally proposed the idea. (A) being (B) were (C) is (D) has been ※正解(C)。【解説】 空所にはwhether節の動詞が入る。ここは（不変の）事実を述べているのでbe動詞はisを用いる。heliocentric「太陽を中心とした」。 6. 正誤問題 Beer was considered an important source of nutrition in a 17th century, especially on long sea voyages. (A) Beer (B) considered (C) a (D) on ※正解(C)。【解説】 a → the。Beerの前に冠詞は必要ない。受け身としてのconsideredに問題はない。17th centuryの前ではaではなくtheを使わなくてはいけない。前置詞onの用法に誤りはない。 7. 正誤問題 (A)Given a limited supply of essential nutrients, the rate (B)which a population of microorganisms (C)increases will limit the duration of (D)its growth. ※正解(B)。【解説】 which → at which。Givenは分詞構文である。whichの前にatがなければ前後の文が繋がらない。increasesとitsに問題はない。 8. 正誤問題 As is (A)the cases with many artists, the genius of French (B)critic, composer and conductor Louis Hector Berlioz (C)was not understood (D)until decades after his death in 1869. ※正解(A)。【解説】 the cases → the case。As isの後に複数形のthe casesが来るのはどう見てもおかしい。As is the case with... で「……の場合と同様に」の意味になる。 9. 正誤問題 (A)Ever since the earliest (B)existing texts were set down, writers have always used similes (C)or metaphors to get a point (D)around. ※正解(D)。【解説】 around → across。Ever since「……以来」、existing「存在する」、orの用法に誤りはない。aroundをacrossにすれば、get... acrossで「……伝える」の意味になる。 10. 正誤問題 (A)Any birth that occurs (B)less than 37 weeks (C)after conception is considered premature, (D)requires special medical attention. ※正解(D)。【解説】 requires → requiring / and requires。is consideredがこの文の動詞である。その後にrequiresを使うと動詞が２つになってしまう。ここはrequiring（分詞構文）、あるいは、and requiresにしなければ文が成り立たない。 II. 時事英文 To be medical doctors (その6；全11回シリーズ) All fifty states require at least one year of hospital work for doctors-in-training educated at medical schools in the United States. Graduates of study programs at most foreign medical schools may have to complete two or three years of residency, although there are exceptions. This month, about two hundred people will be taking classes at the Georgetown University School of Medicine, in Washington, DC. But these students have no interest in becoming a doctor. The classes are being held at Georgetown University. And the teachers are medical school professors. But this is not exactly a medical school. The students are instead attending a mini-med school. III - a. 雑知識
問題 1 倒産する ヒデオが勤めていた建設会社も不況の影響を受けてついに倒産。でも、運よく不動産業界にいい就職先が見つかりました。 The construction company Hideo worked for finally ( ) because of the recession, but luckily he landed a good job in the real estate industry. a, fell behind b. went under c. rolled over d. came away 問題 2 過労とストレスで倒れる 田中さんは、過労とストレスが原因で1年ほど前に倒れてしまいました。以来、入退院を繰り返しているそうです。 Since he ( ) from overwork and stress about a year ago, Mr. Tanaka has been in and out of the hospital. a. crumbled b. halted c. gave away d. collapsed 崩れ落ちる 大学教授の父の書斎は専門書でいっぱい。昨晩、強い地震があった際には、本の山が大きな音をたてて床に崩れ落ちました。 When a strong earthquake struck last night, a pile of books in my father's study ( ) to the floor with a loud crash. a. bounced b. sank back c. ascended d. toppled 失神する 先ごろ来日した人気ロックグループのコンサートは大盛況。最終日には熱狂したファンが興奮のあまり次々と失神し、病院へ搬送されました。 On the final day of the popular rock band's concert, many fans ( ) from the excitement and were rushed to the hospital. a. brainwashed b. stupefied c. fainted d. sleepwalked 回答 1. b 2. d 3. d 4. c III -c. News Glossary involuntary manslaughter 過失致死<罪> Michael Jackson's doctor Conrad Murray has been found guilty of involuntary manslaughter in the death of the singer who had been proclaimed "King of Pop." 「ポップの帝王」と言われていたマイケル・ジャクソンさんの死をめぐり、元専属医コンラッド・マレー被告に過失致死罪で有罪判決が下った。 IV. Jokes a. Papa Turtle is telling his son a bedtime story. "Once upon a time, there was a white bunny." "Aw, c'mon, Dad," says the boy. "That's kid stuff. What about some science fiction?" "All right. Once upon a time, there was a bunny in outer space …" "Dad! Make it more grown-up." "OK, OK. Promise you won't tell Mum." "I swear." "Once upon a time, there was a naked bunny …" b. "Hurry up or we'll be late!" shouts a teacher to her kindergarten class. "What's the rush?" a tot asks coolly. "If we're late, we'll miss your next class!" the teacher reminds him. The kid shrugs. "If you're in such a hurry, go on without us." c. "About a month before he died, my grandmother covered my grandfather's back with lard. After that, he went downhill very quickly." d. A priest, a minister and a rabbi want to see who's best at his job. So they each go into the woods, find a bear, and attempt to convert it. Later they get together. The priest begins: "When I found the bear, I read to him from the Catechism and sprinkled him with holy water. Next week is his First Communion." "I found a bear by the stream," says the minister, "and preached God's Holy Word. The bear was so mesmerized that he let me baptize him." They both look down at the rabbi, who is lying on a gurney in a body cast. "Looking back," he says, "maybe I shouldn't have started with the circumcision." |