資料No. : NS111116  

I-1 TOEIC, TOEFL練習問題
(1) TOEIC
1. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題
When I lived in Italy last July, I _______ a beach-side villa for the whole time.
(A) rent (B) rented (C) had been renting (D) had rented

2. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題
If we don't sell all our stock now, we _______ lose everything.
(A) are (B) did (C) will (D) would

3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題
We need to find out _______ the new area manager will be.
(A) whom (B) who's (C) whose (D) who

4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題
In the commotion, the diamond ring _______.
(A) lost (B) is lost (C) was lost (D) won't be lost

5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題
When you go out for coffee, please _______ a newspaper too.
(A) pick (B) pick up (C) read (D) buy up

6. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題
This sauna's _______ hot; I can hardly stand it.
(A) to (B) too (C) this (D) not

7. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題
If I were going to college, _______ live on campus.
(A) I'd (B) I'll (C) I had (D) I did

(2) TOEFL
1. 空所補充問題
Throughout the history of Indian philosophy ----- a strong tendency toward metaphysical speculation.
(A) there have been (B) has there been (C) have there been (D) there has been

2. 空所補充問題
A lobotomy is a crude surgical operation in which a lobe brain is physically destroyed in an attempt ----- the symptoms of dementia.
(A) easing (B) eased (C) to ease (D) is eased

3. 空所補充問題
The Mediterranean fruit fly, a major agricultural pest, reappeared in Florida in 1957 ----- it had been thought to have been eliminated in 1931.
(A) despite of that (B) despite the fact that (C) in spite of (D) in spite of that fact

4. 空所補充問題
An armistice is an agreement between two or more enemies to cease hostilities indefinitely, ----- a truce is a temporary and often localized cease-fire.
(A) when (B) while (C) thus (D) during

5. 空所補充問題
Killed in a skirmish with natives of the Philippine island of Mactan, Ferdinand Magellan never personally completed the circumnavigation of the globe which he made ----.
(A) possible (B) possibly (C) possibility (D) possibilities

6. 正誤問題
Some experts (A)are believing that (B)the most important contribution of robotic science will be (C)to produce ever more humanoid (D)robots.

7. 正誤問題
(A)A comparison of titanium with other metals (B)reveals that (C)is it far stronger relative to (D)its density and weight.

8. 正誤問題
(A)Being able to afford a comfortably large house in a safe neighborhood with a (B)two-cars garage (C)has always been a part of the ideal materialistic lifestyle (D)known as the American Dream.

9. 正誤問題
The frequency (A)with which strikes occur in an industry (B)are a good indication of (C)whether workers are satisfied (D)or not.

10. 正誤問題
(A)Unlike other animals, human beings have developed technologies (B)that allow (C)we to live successfully in virtually any climate (D)on earth.

I-2 TOEIC, TOEFL 練習問題解答
(1) TOEIC
1. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題
When I lived in Italy last July, I _______ a beach-side villa for the whole time.
(A) rent (B) rented (C) had been renting (D) had rented
訳:去年の 7 月にイタリアで過ごした時は、浜辺の別荘をずっと借りていました。
※正解(B)。難しく考えないように。普通に時制を一致させる。明確に定まった過去を表す when 節とともに現在完了は用いない。

2. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題
If we don't sell all our stock now, we _______ lose everything.
(A) are (B) did (C) will (D) would
訳:すぐに在庫を全部売らなければ、私たちはすべてを失うでしょう。
※正解(C)。lose が原形動詞なので(A)は不可。意味上(B)も無理がある。If に続く節が don't なので、(D)would にする必要はない。

3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題
We need to find out _______ the new area manager will be.
(A) whom (B) who's (C) whose (D) who
訳:新しい支部長が誰になるのか探らなくてはならない。
※正解(D)。「誰が…だ」という時の疑問代名詞。あとの will be という(助)動詞に対する主格が必要。

4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題
In the commotion, the diamond ring _______.
(A) lost (B) is lost (C) was lost (D) won't be lost
訳:暴動の最中にダイヤの指輪がなくなりました。
※正解(C)。「失われた」と受け身のニュアンスで考えることが必要。

5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題
When you go out for coffee, please _______ a newspaper too.
(A) pick (B) pick up (C) read (D) buy up
訳:コーヒーを買いに行くとき、新聞も買って(取って)きてください。
※正解(B)。pick up には「拾い上げる」という意味がある。obtain や get と同じ意味で使う。

6. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題
This sauna's _______ hot; I can hardly stand it.
(A) to (B) too (C) this (D) not
訳:このサウナは暑すぎる。我慢できません。
※正解(B)。(A)の"to"では意味をなさない。「我慢できない」のだから、「暑すぎる」という意味にしたい。

7. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題
If I were going to college, _______ live on campus.
(A) I'd (B) I'll (C) I had (D) I did
訳:もし大学に行くとすれば、キャンパス内に住みます。
※正解(A)。仮定法過去の文型。助動詞の過去形が必要。

(2) TOEFL
1. 空所補充問題
Throughout the history of Indian philosophy ----- a strong tendency toward metaphysical speculation.
(A) there have been (B) has there been (C) have there been (D) there has been
※正解(D)。【解説】 問題文は疑問文ではない。また、空所の後にはa strong tendencyと単数形の名詞が続いている。したがって、正解は(D) there has beenになる。metaphysical speculation「形而上学思索」。

2. 空所補充問題
A lobotomy is a crude surgical operation in which a lobe brain is physically destroyed in an attempt ----- the symptoms of dementia.
(A) easing (B) eased (C) to ease (D) is eased
※正解(C)。【解説】 in an attempt to ...(動詞) で「... しようとする」の意味になる。正解は(C)。lobotomy「脳葉切開術」。

3. 空所補充問題
The Mediterranean fruit fly, a major agricultural pest, reappeared in Florida in 1957 ----- it had been thought to have been eliminated in 1931.
(A) despite of that (B) despite the fact that (C) in spite of (D) in spite of that fact
※正解(B)。【解説】 despiteの後に前置詞ofは必要ない。また、in spite ofの後に文を続けることはできない。さらに、in spite of that factの後にit had been .. と文を続けることもできない。正解は(B) despite the fact thatである。

4. 空所補充問題
An armistice is an agreement between two or more enemies to cease hostilities indefinitely, ----- a truce is a temporary and often localized cease-fire.
(A) when (B) while (C) thus (D) during
※正解(B)。【解説】 前半でarmistice「休戦」について、後半でtruce「停戦」について説明している。この2つの文を繋ぐには(B) while「一方」を使えばいい。

5. 空所補充問題
Killed in a skirmish with natives of the Philippine island of Mactan, Ferdinand Magellan never personally completed the circumnavigation of the globe which he made ----.
(A) possible (B) possibly (C) possibility (D) possibilities
※正解(A)。【解説】 madeの目的語はthe circumnavigation of the gloveである。he made the circumnavigation of the glove possibleとすれば意味が通る。circumnavigation「周航する(一周する)」。

6. 正誤問題
Some experts (A)are believing that (B)the most important contribution of robotic science will be (C)to produce ever more humanoid (D)robots.
※正解(A)。【解説】 are believing → believe。believe「信じる」は進行形にする必要はない。the most(最上級)、to(不定詞名詞用法)、robots(可算名詞)に誤りはない。humanoid「人そっくりの」。

7. 正誤問題
(A)A comparison of titanium with other metals (B)reveals that (C)is it far stronger relative to (D)its density and weight.
※正解(C)。【解説】 is it → it is。comparison「比較」は可算名詞である。revealsはA comparisonに呼応している。that節に続く文をis itと疑問文になっているのはおかしい。itsはtitaniumを指している。density「濃度」。

8. 正誤問題
(A)Being able to afford a comfortably large house in a safe neighborhood with a (B)two-cars garage (C)has always been a part of the ideal materialistic lifestyle (D)known as the American Dream.
※正解(B)。【解説】 two-cars → two-car。two-carsとハイフンがついていることに注目。この句は形容詞として用いられている。したがって、複数形のsは必要ない。materialistic「物質主義の」。

9. 正誤問題
The frequency (A)with which strikes occur in an industry (B)are a good indication of (C)whether workers are satisfied (D)or not.
※正解(B)。【解説】 are → is。with whichの用法に問題はない。この文の主語は単数the frequencyである。それに呼応してareはisにしなければいけない。whether ... or notに誤りはない。

10. 正誤問題
(A)Unlike other animals, human beings have developed technologies (B)that allow (C)we to live successfully in virtually any climate (D)on earth.
※正解(C)。【解説】 we → us。前置詞Unlikeと関係代名詞thatに問題はない。他動詞allowの目的語はweではなくusである。on earthで「地上の」という意味。

II. 時事英文
The White Swan (その4全5回シリーズ)
Some language experts say the expression came from a name given to noisy supporters of Andrew Jackson…America's seventh president. They cheered hurrah so loudly for Andy Jackson during his presidential campaign that they became known as the hurrah boys.

Jackson's hurrah boys also played a part in the election to choose the next president. Jackson's choice was his vice president, Martin VanBuren.

III - a. 雑知識
  1. red-hot は「赤熱した」には「注目の、話題沸騰の」の意味がある。When the red-hot idol group AKB48 graced the stage, it was greeted with thunderous cheers even in Hanoi. は、ベトナムの首都ハノイで開かれた、第2回日越友好音楽祭に関するAJW の記事から。AKB48 やEXILE、倖田來未さんら日越7組の人気アーティストが参加した。
  2. dog(犬)には動詞で「〜につきまとう」の意味があり、通例受動態で使う。Ozawa has long been dogged by graft allegations in the Japanese press. は、民主党の小沢一郎元代表の初公判に関するAFP-Jiji 通信の記事から。マスコミ界で政治と金にまつわる疑惑に常につきまとわれていることへの言及。
  3. descend on は人が「押しかけてくる」の意味。埼玉県志木市とさいたま市の境界付近の荒川にアザラシが現われ、大勢の見物人が詰めかけた。Hordes of people descended on the Arakawa river in Saitama Prefecture on Oct. 11 to catch a glimpse of a wild seal. は、AJW の記事から。
  4. make には「〜になる素質がある」の意味がある。"I felt Gov. Romney's a better candidate, and I think he'd make a better president." は、2012年米大統領選の共和党候補指名争いで、ニュージャージ州のクリスティー知事が、ロムニー前マサチューセッツ州知事への支持を表明したことを伝えたAP 通信の記事から。
  5. hit stores は「店頭に並ぶ」の意味。ソニーは電子書籍を取り込んで読む専用端末「リーダー」の新商品を発表した。端末本体にネット接続機能を持たせたのが特徴。The new Reader with wireless LAN connections will hit stores on Oct. 20. は、10月20日に発売になることを伝えたAJWの記事から。
  6. fallout は、好ましくない「副産物」の意味。Fallout from the European sovereign debt crisis and the U.S. economic slowdown have dragged down the export-led Japanese economy. は、今年度上半期の日本経済に関するAJWの記事から。欧州の財政不安や米国の景気減速が、震災から復興をめざず日本経済に冷や水を浴びせた。
  7. The sky is the limit. は、金額などに「上限がない」の意味の決まった表現。野田首相は記者会見で、東日本大震災の復興費は「青天井でいい」と述べた。Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda told a news conference Sept. 30 that "the sky is the limit " for post-quake reconstruction budget requests. は、AJWの記事から。
III -b. 英語でどう言う?
芝生に入るな
我が家の近所には、きれいに整備された素敵な公園があります。先日、そばを通り過ぎると、多くの人々が「芝生に入るな」の表示を無視して日光浴をしていました。
When I passed by the park in my neighborhood the other day, I saw many people ignoring the "Keep off the Grass" sign and basking in the sun.

工事のため通行止め
スーパーマーケットへ買い物に行こうと、いつもの道をドライブしていると、「工事のため通行止め」の標識が。やむなく迂回しなければなりませんでした。
When I drove down the street, I came across a sign indicating "Road Closed Due to Construction." I had to take a detour to get to the supermarket.

全館禁煙
僕は就活の真っ最中。IT企業に面接に行ったのですが、本社ビルに入って最初に目に入ったのは大きく書かれた「全館禁煙」の掲示でした。
As I entered the headquarters of the IT company for a job interview, the first thing that caught my attention was a big sign that said, "Smoke-Free Building."

所持品から目を離さないこと
海外旅行に出かける人たちで空港は大混雑。至るところに「所持品から目を離さないこと」という注意書きが貼られていました。
The airport was packed with travelers. Signs posted everywhere said, "Please Do Not Leave Personal Belongings Unattended."

III -c. News Glossary
Palestinian statehood
パレスチナ国家
The Palestinian plan to gain statehood and membership at the United Nations would run headfirst into an American veto in the Security Council, and possible Israeli recriminations.
 国連で国家としての承認を得て、加盟申請しようとするパレスチナの試みは、安全保障理事会で真っ先に米国の拒否権行使にあうだろう。さらにイスラエルから非難を浴びることも考えられる。

IV. Jokes
a. A little boy was brought into our emergenct room after ingesting part of a plug-in air freshener. After consulting Poison Control and monitoring him, thr doctor wrote on his discharge. "Patient doing well. Ready to go home. Smells good."

b. "What's wrong?" I asked one of my young students. He was at his desk, looking as if he were about to break into tears. "My grandfather," he stammered.
"Sorry," I said. "But he's in a wonderful place now. Do you know where that is?"
"Yes, I do," he said. "Prison."

c. The World's Funniest Jokes
Argentina
An elderly couple goes to Burger King, where they carefully split a burger and fries. A trucker takes pity on them and offers to buy the wife her own meal.
"It's all right," says the husband. "We share everything."
A few minutes later, the trucker notices that the wife hasn't taken a bite. "I really wouldn't mind buying your wife her own meal," he insists.
"She'll eat," the husband assures him. "We share everthing."
Unconvinced, the trucker implores the wife, "Why aren't you eating?"
The wife snaps, "Because I'm waiting for the teeth!"

d. The World's Funniest Jokes
Australia
a polar bear walks into a bar and says, "Give me a scotch and ... Coke."
"Why the long pause?" asks the bartender.
"I don't know," says the bear. "I've always had them."



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