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資料No. ： NS111005
I-1 TOEIC, TOEFL練習問題
(1) TOEIC １. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 He asked me to check all _______ major hotels while I was there. (A) a (B) an (C) the (D) some 2. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Show me that report when he _______ out of the room. (A) goes (B) will go (C) is gone (D) went 3. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 These _______ distributed at next week's meeting. (A) were (B) have been (C) will (D) are being 4. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 I'm sorry we were so late. The train was _______. (A) been delayed (B) delay (C) delayed (D) delaying 5. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 You'd better hit the _______ if you want to pass that exam. (A) roof (B) bottle (C) books (D) road 6. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Come on, we've finished now. Let's call it a _______. (A) day (B) spade (C) completion (D) job 7. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 To _______ matters worse, we can't do anything till next week. (A) produce (B) make (C) do (D) infuriate (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 It is necessary that all members of a trial jury ----- contact with news accounts of an ongoing trial in order to remain objective. (A) avoid (B) to avoid (C) avoiding (D) avoided 2. 空所補充問題 Modern Greece and Norway are examples of nations that have large merchant marines, ----- naval forces. (A) not but major (B) but not major (C) not major, but (D) but major, not 3. 空所補充問題 As ----- the Arctic region could not be readily exploited for profit, the motivations of early explorers became less economic more patriotic. (A) that they realized (B) they realized that (C) realizing that they (D) to realize that they 4. 空所補充問題 ----- vertebrates, the skin is a complex organ whose function is vital to the maintenance of life. (A) With (B) In (C) Of (D) At 5. 空所補充問題 In spite of ----- that the species is a crucial taxonomic unit in botany, zoology and mineralogy, its precise definition remains difficult to pin down. (A) the fact (B) the facts (C) fact (D) a fact 6. 正誤問題 (A)Not Karl Marx nor Friederich Engels proposed legal (B)frameworks for states (C)designed to achieve the aims of (D)their Communist Manifesto. 7. 正誤問題 The cross-section of a breaking wave shows (A)that its instability comes from the fact (B)that it is taller (C)as its base is broad, (D)whereas a non-breaking swell more closely resembles a sine wave. 8. 正誤問題 The study of ballistics (A)are complicated (B)by the interaction of high-speed (C)aerodynamics, atmospheric conditions and (D)the physical characteristics of the projectile. 9. 正誤問題 The territory of South West Africa was established (A)as a German protectorate (B)in 1890, and was (C)successful invaded (D)by the Union of South Africa 25 years later. 10. 正誤問題 (A)The Montezuma Castle National Monument in the U.S. state of Arizona is a (B)5-stories, 20-rooms complex of ancient (C)dwellings carved into the face of (D)a cliff. I-2 TOEIC, TOEFL 練習問題解答 (1) TOEIC １. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 He asked me to check all _______ major hotels while I was there. (A) a (B) an (C) the (D) some 訳：そこにいる間に、すべての一流ホテルを調べるように彼に頼まれた。 ※正解(Ｃ)。で、その名詞の指すものすべてを表します。したがって、正解は (C) です。all は the の前にくるという語順に注意してください。 2. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Show me that report when he _______ out of the room. (A) goes (B) will go (C) is gone (D) went 訳：彼が部屋から出ていったら、そのレポートを見せてよ。 ※正解(A)。彼が「部屋から出ていく」のは未来のことですが、when を使った「時」を表す副詞節の中では、未来のことでも現在形で表します。したがって、正解は (A) になります。I don't know when he will come back.「彼がいつ帰るかわかりません」など、名詞節のときは未来形を使いますから、注意しましょう。 3. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 These _______ distributed at next week's meeting. (A) were (B) have been (C) will (D) are being 訳：これは来週の会議で配布されます。 ※正解(D)。「来週の会議で」という未来の内容を表す副詞句がヒントです。(A) の過去形や (B) の現在完了では不適切です。また、(C) の未来を表す助動詞 will の後には distributed はきません。正解は (D) で、受動態の進行形で未来を表しています。 4. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 I'm sorry we were so late. The train was _______. (A) been delayed (B) delay (C) delayed (D) delaying 訳：遅れてすみません。電車が遅れたんです。 ※正解(Ｃ)。delay は「遅らせる」という意味の他動詞です。ここでは the train が主語なので受動態になります。(A) や (B) では直前の be 動詞の was につながりません。 5. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 You'd better hit the _______ if you want to pass that exam. (A) roof (B) bottle (C) books (D) road 訳：その試験に合格したいなら、猛勉強しなさい。 ※正解(Ｃ)。どの選択肢にも hit と結びついたイディオムがあるので、それぞれの意味を知らなければ迷うかもしれません。正解は(C) の hit the books で「（猛烈に）勉強する」です。Hit the roof は「かんしゃくを起こす；（物価などが）うなぎ登りに上がる」、hit the bottle は「大酒を飲む」、hit the road は「（車などで）出かける；旅に出る」という意味です。 6. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Come on, we've finished now. Let's call it a _______. (A) day (B) spade (C) completion (D) job 訳：さあ、やっと終わったぞ。今日はこれで切り上げよう。 ※正解(A)。call it a day は口語で「（その日の仕事などを）終わりにする、切り上げる」という意味です。(B) spade は農具の「すき」という意味で、call a spade a spade「そのものをずばりと言う」というイディオムがあります。(C) は complete「〜を完成する」の名詞形です。 7. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 To _______ matters worse, we can't do anything till next week. (A) produce (B) make (C) do (D) infuriate 訳：なお悪いことに、来週まで私たちには何もできないのです。 ※正解(B)。to make matters worse で「さらに悪いことには」という意味のイディオムです。to make things worse とも言います。(D) infuriate は「（人）を激怒させる」という意味の他動詞です。 (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 It is necessary that all members of a trial jury ----- contact with news accounts of an ongoing trial in order to remain objective. (A) avoid (B) to avoid (C) avoiding (D) avoided ※正解(A)。【解説】 空所の後のcontactは「接触」の意味を表す名詞である。したがって、空所にはこの文の動詞が入ることになる。正解はavoid（現在形）である。 2. 空所補充問題 Modern Greece and Norway are examples of nations that have large merchant marines, ----- naval forces. (A) not but major (B) but not major (C) not major, but (D) but major, not ※正解(B)。【解説】 not butとbut major, notの語順がおかしいのはすぐに分かるだろう。not major, butを空所に入れても意味が通らない。but not major naval forcesにすれば「大きな商船は保有しているが、大規模な海軍は保有していない」の意味になる。 3. 空所補充問題 As ----- the Arctic region could not be readily exploited for profit, the motivations of early explorers became less economic more patriotic. (A) that they realized (B) they realized that (C) realizing that they (D) to realize that they ※正解(B)。【解説】 接続詞Asの後には、主語と動詞が続くと考えるのが自然である。この形になっているのはthey realized thatであるが、これを空所に入れると「彼等は ... だと分かったので」の意味になる。 4. 空所補充問題 ----- vertebrates, the skin is a complex organ whose function is vital to the maintenance of life. (A) With (B) In (C) Of (D) At ※正解(B)。【解説】 前置詞Inを空所に入れると、「脊椎動物では」の意味になる。 5. 空所補充問題 In spite of ----- that the species is a crucial taxonomic unit in botany, zoology and mineralogy, its precise definition remains difficult to pin down. (A) the fact (B) the facts (C) fact (D) a fact ※正解(A)。【解説】 空所に入るfactはthat以下の内容により限定されている。したがって、冠詞theが必要になる。また、一つの事実だけが挙げられているので、ここではthe factを使う。 6. 正誤問題 (A)Not Karl Marx nor Friederich Engels proposed legal (B)frameworks for states (C)designed to achieve the aims of (D)their Communist Manifesto. ※正解(A)。【解説】 Not → Neither。 Karl Marxの後にnorがあることから、文頭のNotはNeitherにしなくてはならない。複数形frameworksとtheirの用法に問題はない。designedの前にはthat wereが略されている。 7. 正誤問題 The cross-section of a breaking wave shows (A)that its instability comes from the fact (B)that it is taller (C)as its base is broad, (D)whereas a non-breaking swell more closely resembles a sine wave. ※正解(Ｃ)。【解説】 as → than。 接続詞thatとwhereasの用法に誤りはない。比較級tallerの後に来るのはasではなくthanである。 8. 正誤問題 The study of ballistics (A)are complicated (B)by the interaction of high-speed (C)aerodynamics, atmospheric conditions and (D)the physical characteristics of the projectile. ※正解(A)。【解説】 are → is。 主語とbe動詞の呼応の問題である。be動詞areはこの文の主語であるThe studyを受けている。したがって、areはisにしなけらばならない。 9. 正誤問題 The territory of South West Africa was established (A)as a German protectorate (B)in 1890, and was (C)successful invaded (D)by the Union of South Africa 25 years later. ※正解(Ｃ)。【解説】 successful → successfully。 asは「として」の意味。前置詞inとby（受け身）の用法に問題はない。過去分詞invadedを修飾するには形容詞successfulではなく、副詞successfullyを用いる。 10. 正誤問題 (A)The Montezuma Castle National Monument in the U.S. state of Arizona is a (B)5-stories, 20-rooms complex of ancient (C)dwellings carved into the face of (D)a cliff. ※正解(B)。【解説】 5-stories, 20-rooms → 5-story, 20-room。 頻繁に出題される問題である。5-stories, 20-roomsは形容詞として用いられているので、このような場合には、複数形のsは必要ない。 II.時事英文 For Many Americans Summertime is Reading Time(その12：全14回シリーズ) STEVE EMBER: Bharati Mukherjee is an Indian-born writer who teaches at the University of California, Berkeley. Her new book is called "Miss New India." The main character, Anjali, comes from a traditional lower middle-class family in a small town. She is expected to marry the man her parents choose for her. Anjali decides this is not the kind of life she wants. So she leaves her family and moves to the big city of Bangalore where she finds work. She becomes part of a group of energetic and successful young people. Ms. Mukherjee says she met and talked with people just like Anjali in India. The writer says she saw these Indians as time-travelers moving away from tradition and an eventless youth, heading into an exciting and high-tech future. III - a. 雑知識
まな板 今日は娘に料理を特訓中。「トマトをまな板の上に置いて、4等分しなさい」と指示しました。 "Place a tomato on the cutting board and slice it into quarters." 栓抜き 週末にはビーチパーティーを予定しています。ワインのほかに、びんビールもたくさん用意するので、栓抜きを忘れないようにしないと。 We are planning to have a beach party this weekend. We will have lots of beer in addition to various kinds of wine. I'll try not to forget to bring a bottle opener. おたま 先週、ホームパーティーを開いた際、おいしいカレーを作っておたまで皿によそいました。 When we had a party at home, I made a delicious curry and served it in bowls with a ladle. 包丁 私の父は魚釣りが趣味ですが、魚をおろすのも上手です。いつもあざやかな包丁さばきで魚をおろします。 My father handles a kitchen knife with remarkable skill when he fillets the fish he caught. III -c. News Glossary credit rating 信用格付け Standard & Poor's downgrade of the U.S. credit rating from AAA to AA+ could rock global financial markets. 米格付け会社スタンダード・アンド・プアーズ(S&P)が、米国債の信用格付けを「AAA(トリプルA)から「AA+(ダブルAプラス)に引き下げたことは、世界の金融市場を動揺させる可能性がある。 IV. Jokes a. Driving my three-year-old daughter to day care before work, I noticed a family of dead raccoons on the road. I quickly sped past, hoping she wouldn't spot them. No such luck. "Mummy, what was that?" "Some wood must have fallen from a truck," I fibbed. "Oh," she said. "Is that what killed all those raccoons?" b. We'd just moved to a new city, and I was working nights in a call centre. Parent-teacher interviews were coming up and my daughter, Bethany, who was in Primary 2, took it upon herself to explain to her teacher why I couldn't be there. "My mummy can't come tonight," Bethany said, "because she works nights. She's a call girl." c. In my classroom, during a curriculum entitled "Days Gone By," I brought in my mother's old portable typewriter. Although many of my Year 1 students were not familiar with a typewriter, they were excited about taking turns to type their names. The following morning, Eli dragged his mum into the classroom and exclaimed, "Here's the printing machine, Mum!" d. After passing his driver's test, my grandson was asked to sign up to be an organ donor. Unsure, he turned to his father and asked, "Will it affect my football playing?" e. Making the register of my Year 11 form group, I asked if anyone knew what had happened to a boy who had been absent for some days. "I think he's got the flu, sir," said his friend. "What do you mean you 'think' he's got the flu?" "That's what I thought he said when I saw him in the nightclub last night." |