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資料No. ： NS100519
I-1 TOEIC, TOEFL練習問題 (1) TOEIC １. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The new lighting system in the studio _______ very beautiful. (A) are (B) is (C) is being (D) were ２. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 These are the types of problems that _______ eliminated before production begins. (A) need (B) need to be (C) needs to be (D) necessary to be ３. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 When I returned home I discovered that I _______ my wallet at the party. (A) leave (B) did leave (C) left (D) had left 4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Do you think Steve _______ be hired for the new vice-president's position? (A) would (B) will (C) must (D) shall 5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 When I lived in Italy last July, I _______ a beach-side villa for the whole time. (A) rent (B) rented (C) had been renting (D) had rented 6. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 If we don't sell all our stock now, we _______ lose everything. (A) are (B) did (C) will (D) would 7. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 We need to find out _______ the new area manager will be. (A) whom (B) who's (C) whose (D) who (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 ----- is considered a robotic device because it repositions itself after each cycle of motion. (A) Internal combustion engines (B) The internal combustion engine (C) Internal combustion engine (D) Those internal combustion engines 2. 空所補充問題 A large proportion of English words find their origins ----- the predecessors of modern Germanic and Latinate languages. (A) in (B) at (C) for (D) with 3. 空所補充問題 Earthquakes of equal magnitudes ----- widely differing effects at their epicenters, depending on how deeply below the surface they are centered. (A) can produce (B) producing (C) to produce (D) are produced 4. 空所補充問題 Trees such as mahogany ----- in isolation because the growth of their dense structure requires massive amounts of available nutrients from the surrounding area. (A) tend growing (B) tend to grow (C) tend grow (D) tends to be grown 5. 空所補充問題 The insulating property of a vacuum is derived from the fact that heat transfer requires the presence of molecules ----- energy. (A) capable conducting (B) capable to conduct (C) capable are conducted (D) capable of conducting 6. 正誤問題 Many skyscrapers are now (A)fitted with large sliding (B)weights on their roofs, which can be automatically shifted (C)during earthquakes to minimize the (D)moving of the building. 7. 正誤問題 Televisions and computer displays generate color (A)at the manipulation of the (B)ratios of intensity of (C)evenly distributed pixels of white, blue, red and yellow (D)light. 8. 正誤問題 It has often been (A)noted that (B)contacting sports are a (C)symbolic form of (D)warfare. 9. 正誤問題 Bats (A)that have relatively poor (B)eyesight, but extremely well-developed hearing, and (C)an ability to sense objects and (D)their own orientation through a type of natural sonar. 10. 正誤問題 (A)Some the planets in our solar system, (B)such as Pluto, are believed (C)to have been captured in the Sun's gravitational field (D)while passing by billions of years ago. I-2 TOEIC, TOEFL練習問題解答 (1) TOEIC １. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The new lighting system in the studio _______ very beautiful. (A) are (B) is (C) is being (D) were 訳：スタジオの新しい照明システムは大変に美しい。 ※正解(B)。主語の単複を考える。system が本主語で、単数形。それ以上は何も難しく考える必要はない。 ２. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 These are the types of problems that _______ eliminated before production begins. (A) need (B) need to be (C) needs to be (D) necessary to be 訳：これらが生産を開始する前に取り除かれなければならない問題の種類です。 ※正解(B)。関係代名詞 that の示すものは types で複数形であるから、(C)needs は続かない。eliminated「取り除かれる」と受け身のニュアンスであるので、前に be 動詞があると推測できる。 ３. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 When I returned home I discovered that I _______ my wallet at the party. (A) leave (B) did leave (C) left (D) had left 訳：家に帰った時、財布をパーティーに忘れてきたことが判りました。 ※正解(D)。全体が過去形で統一されているので、(A)は不可。(C)はleaveの過去および過去分詞。 4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Do you think Steve _______ be hired for the new vice-president's position? (A) would (B) will (C) must (D) shall 訳：スティーブが新副社長の地位に雇われると思いますか。 ※正解(B)。意味上適切なものはひとつ。would は時制が問題。 5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 When I lived in Italy last July, I _______ a beach-side villa for the whole time. (A) rent (B) rented (C) had been renting (D) had rented 訳：去年の 7 月にイタリアで過ごした時は、浜辺の別荘をずっと借りていました。 ※正解(B)。難しく考えないように。普通に時制を一致させる。明確に定まった過去を表す when 節とともに現在完了は用いない。 6. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 If we don't sell all our stock now, we _______ lose everything. (A) are (B) did (C) will (D) would 訳：すぐに在庫を全部売らなければ、私たちはすべてを失うでしょう。 ※正解(C)。lose が原形動詞なので(A)は不可。意味上(B)も無理がある。If に続く節が don't なので、(D)would にする必要はない。 7. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 We need to find out _______ the new area manager will be. (A) whom (B) who's (C) whose (D) who 訳：新しい支部長が誰になるのか探らなくてはならない。 ※正解(D)。「誰が…だ」という時の疑問代名詞。あとの will be という（助）動詞に対する主格が必要。 (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 ----- is considered a robotic device because it repositions itself after each cycle of motion. (A) Internal combustion engines (B) The internal combustion engine (C) Internal combustion engine (D) Those internal combustion engines ※正解(B)。【解説】 空所の後にisが来ていることから複数形enginesを含む選択肢は除外でき る。Internal combustion engineには冠詞がないので、これも使えない。正解はThe internal combustion engineである。 2. 空所補充問題 A large proportion of English words find their origins ----- the predecessors of modern Germanic and Latinate languages. (A) in (B) at (C) for (D) with ※正解(A)。【解説】 難しく考える必要はない。find their origins in ... で「語源は ... の中に見いだせる」の意味になる。正解はinである。 3. 空所補充問題 Earthquakes of equal magnitudes ----- widely differing effects at their epicenters, depending on how deeply below the surface they are centered. (A) can produce (B) producing (C) to produce (D) are produced ※正解(A)。【解説】 空所にはこの文の動詞が入るのは明らか。したがって、producingとto produceは除外できる。widely differing effectsは動詞の目的語になるので、正解 はcan produceになる。 4. 空所補充問題 Trees such as mahogany ----- in isolation because the growth of their dense structure requires massive amounts of available nutrients from the surrounding area. (A) tend growing (B) tend to grow (C) tend grow (D) tends to be grown ※正解(B)。【解説】 tend to grow この文の主語はTreesである。したがって、tends to be grownは不可。 tendの後に不定詞toを続けて、tend to ... で「... する傾向がある」の意味になる。 5. 空所補充問題 The insulating property of a vacuum is derived from the fact that heat transfer requires the presence of molecules ----- energy. (A) capable conducting (B) capable to conduct (C) capable are conducted (D) capable of conducting ※正解(D)。【解説】 capableの用法を知っていればすぐに答えが分かるはずである。capableの後にはto不定詞ではなく、前置詞ofが来る。正解はcapable of conductingである。 6. 正誤問題 Many skyscrapers are now (A)fitted with large sliding (B)weights on their roofs, which can be automatically shifted (C)during earthquakes to minimize the (D)moving of the building. ※正解(D)。【解説】 moving → movement。 be fitted with ... で「... が装備されている」の意味。weight「重り」 は可算名詞。前置詞duringの用法に誤りはない。冠詞theの後では動名詞movingでは なく名詞movementを用いる。 7. 正誤問題 Televisions and computer displays generate color (A)at the manipulation of the (B)ratios of intensity of (C)evenly distributed pixels of white, blue, red and yellow (D)light. ※正解(A)。【解説】 at → through。 前後の流れからして、the manipulation「操作」の前には手段、方法を表す 前置詞が入るはずである。ここではatではなくthroughを使う。複数形ratios「割 合、比率」、副詞evenly、不可算名詞light「明かり」の使い方に誤りはない。 8. 正誤問題 It has often been (A)noted that (B)contacting sports are a (C)symbolic form of (D)warfare. ※正解(B)。【解説】 contacting sports → contact sports。 note「言及する」の過去分詞形に問題はない。「コンタクト（体をぶつけ合 う）スポーツ」はcontact sportsと言う。symbolicは形容詞で「象徴的な」の意味。 warfare「戦争、争い」は不可算名詞である。 9. 正誤問題 Bats (A)that have relatively poor (B)eyesight, but extremely well-developed hearing, and (C)an ability to sense objects and (D)their own orientation through a type of natural sonar. ※正解(A)。【解説】 that have → have。 この文の動詞はどれか。haveである。ということは、Batsの後の関係代名詞 thatは不要である。eyesight「視力」は不可算名詞。冠詞anの用法に問題はない。 theirはbatsを受けている。 10. 正誤問題 (A)Some the planets in our solar system, (B)such as Pluto, are believed (C)to have been captured in the Sun's gravitational field (D)while passing by billions of years ago. ※正解(A)。【解説】 Some → Some of。 文頭のSomeに注目。その後に冠詞theがあるので、前置詞ofを使って、Some of the planetsとしなければならない。such as ... 「... のようなもの」、不定詞 to、接続詞whileの用法に問題はない。 II.時事英文 Proverbs: Ideas About How to Live (その1；全4回シリーズ) Many listeners have sent us their favorite proverbs. They give advice about how to live. We begin with two popular proverbs about staying healthy by eating good food: One is an apple a day keeps the doctor away. Another is you are what you eat. Several proverbs about birds also give advice. You may have heard this one: The early bird catches the worm. This means a person who gets up early, or acts quickly, has the best chance of success. Another famous proverb is a bird in the hand is worth two in the bush. This means you should not risk losing something you have by seeking something that is not guaranteed. III - a. 雑知識
III -b. 英語でどう言う？ スキーで山を下る ski down the mountain 【例文】Spectators cheered as the downhiller skied down the mountain at breathtaking speed. 世界記録を更新する rewrite a world record 【例文】He is aiming to rewrite the world record in the men's 500-meter speed skating event. トリプルアクセルを決める successfully land a triple axel 【例文】She successfully landed a triple axel. 首に金メダルをかける place a gold medal around one's neck 【例文】The presenter placed a gold medal around the winner's neck. III-c Phrases in the News 所得制限 income limit, income cap ※The DPJ has called for an income limit on eligibility for the envisioned child allowance program. .. The DPJ has not yet decided the details on the income cap, but the program would lose its purpose if the ceiling undermines the basic principle that society as a whole should share the burden of child rearing. ※民主党は計画中の子供手当について、所得制限を求めている。 (中略) 詳細はまだ決まっていないが、社会全体が子育ての負担を分かち合うという基本原則を所得制限が損なうことになれば、政策自体の意味が失われるだろう。 IV. Jokes a. I went to collect my dog Sam from an operation. He'd had a general anesthetic and when the veterinary nurse brought him through to the waiting room, she was concerned he was still a little wobbly. "He may not want to eat right now,2 she said. "Keep his meals light and perhaps tempt him with a little fish or chicken." There was a thud. We turned to see Sam wolf down the entire contents of an ashtray. b. My mum-in-law bought her first mobile phone. Its ringtone was the William Tell Overture. "I'm getting lots of calls but they always hang up," she told my husband a few days later. "That's odd," he said. "I'll phone you and see what happens." He then dialed her number, but she sat motionless for more than a minute as her handset trilled away. "Why aren't you answering?" he asked. "Oh, sorry," she said. "I thought I had to wait for the tune to finish." c. On a holiday in Egypt, I took a camel ride round the pyramids. Alone in the desert with my Arab guide, I became pretty overwhelmed by the romantic, barren scene. I was gazing at the same ancient world that Cleopatra had seen thousands of years earlier. At the end of the ride, I dismounted, patted the camel and asked the guide, "What's his name?" "Beckham," he replied. d. Waiting for my glasses to be repaired, I heard the optician trying to convince a customer she needed a stronger prescription. "I'm fine," she insisted. "OK," he challenged. "what does it say on the store window across the street?" "30% to 40% off all merchandise." "That's incredible." "Not really," she said. "I never miss a sale." |