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資料No. ： NS100317
I-1 TOEIC, TOEFL練習問題 (1) TOEIC 1. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 With this recession our sales are going from bad to _______. (A) bad (B) worse (C) terrible (D) the worst 2. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 It's difficult not to reply _______ to that kind of an intrusive question. (A) rudely (B) kindly (C) desperately (D) politely 3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Don't take it personally. He doesn't mean to hurt your _______. (A) emotions (B) happiness (C) feelings (D) equilibrium 4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 If he's found guilty the judge will pass _______. (A) guilt (B) sentence (C) innocence (D) the case 5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 We'd better hurry if we want to _______ the last train. (A) met (B) be on time (C) take (D) return 6. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 I'm _______ the details in their annual report. (A) making (B) checking (C) assuming (D) searching 7. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 He seemed really nervous before he _______ his report. (A) prevaricated (B) was advised (C) presented (D) spoke (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 The passing lane on a highway is intended to allow ------ to overtake those moving more slowly. (A) vehicles are fast-moving (B) vehicles are moving fast (C) vehicles move fast (D) fast-moving vehicles 2. 空所補充問題 Although the United Nations ------ of vital importance to world peace, many governments do not take it very seriously. (A) are (B) were (C) is (D) are that 3. 空所補充問題 Crocodiles are often mistaken for alligators, ------ they are similar in many ways. (A) in spite of (B) because (C) regardless (D) due to 4. 空所補充問題 Some people believe that sending a man to Mars would be a noble undertaking, while others think ------ pure science fiction. (A) it would have been (B) it's (C) it will be (D) it had to be 5. 空所補充問題 ------ one of the world's largest collections of historical artifacts. (A) At the Smithsonian Museum (B) It is the Smithsonian Museum (C) The Smithsonian Museum, with (D) The Smithsonian Museum has 6. 正誤問題 Many drivers carry a (A)10-gallons can of gasoline in the trunk (B)in case they (C)run out of fuel (D)on a long trip. 7. 正誤問題 (A)Throughout history, societies (B)all over the world have built giant statues, such as (C)Statue of Liberty, to represent ideas and values they (D)hold dear. 8. 正誤問題 Meteorologists (A)talk that in the open ocean, seismic sea waves often have (B)wavelengths of (C)up to several hundred miles, but heights of (D)less than 3 ft. 9. 正誤問題 Ants are capable (A)to lift objects that (B)weigh (C)far more than (D)themselves. 10. 正誤問題 Jumbo jets usually have heaters (A)inside the wings to (B)prevent the (C)form of ice (D)on the outer wing surface. I-2 TOEIC, TOEFL練習問題解答 (1) TOEIC 1. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 With this recession our sales are going from bad to _______. (A) bad (B) worse (C) terrible (D) the worst 訳：この景気後退で、うちの売り上げもますます悪くなってきている。 ※正解（B）。go from bad to worse で「ますます悪くなる」という意味のイディオムです。recession は「（一時的な）景気後退」、それに対して「（長期の）不況」を depression と言います。 2. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 It's difficult not to reply _______ to that kind of an intrusive question. (A) rudely (B) kindly (C) desperately (D) politely 訳：あんなぶしつけな質問に、礼儀にはずれないように答えるのは難しい。 ※正解（A）。intrusive 「でしゃばった」質問と言っているので、(B)「やさしく」や (D)「礼儀正しく」、また (C) の「必死に」では文脈上当てはまりません。(A) の rudely なら、「不作法に答えないでいるのは難しい」となり、意味が通ります。 3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Don't take it personally. He doesn't mean to hurt your _______. (A) emotions (B) happiness (C) feelings (D) equilibrium 訳：あなたへのあてつけだと思わないでください。彼はあなたの気持ちを傷つけるつもりはないんです。 ※正解（C）。hurt 〜's feelings で「（〜の）感情を害する」という意味のイディオムです。emotion は「（喜怒哀楽などの強い）感情」のことを言います。(D) の equilibrium は「（心の）平静」という意味です。 4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 If he's found guilty the judge will pass _______. (A) guilt (B) sentence (C) innocence (D) the case 訳：彼がもし有罪だということがわかれば、判事は刑を宣告するだろう。 ※正解（B）。pass sentence（on ＋人）で「（人に）刑を宣告する」という決まった言い回しです。「有罪［無罪］を宣告する」というときは、という言い方をします。 5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 We'd better hurry if we want to _______ the last train. (A) met (B) be on time (C) take (D) return 訳：最終電車に乗るなら、急いだほうがいい。 ※正解（C）。(B) の on time は「時間どおりに」という意味。in time「間に合って」なら後に for を伴い、「（電車）に間に合う」という意味になります。「電車に乗る」は take a train と言います。 6. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 I'm _______ the details in their annual report. (A) making (B) checking (C) assuming (D) searching 訳：彼らの年次報告書の詳細を調べているところです。 ※正解（B）。check も search も、日本語では「調べる」という訳が当てはめられますが、search は「（場所や人の体など）を捜す；（書類など）を調べる」という意味で、捜し求めるものは直接目的語にはなりません。assume は「〜が…であると仮定する」という意味です。 7. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 He seemed really nervous before he _______ his report. (A) prevaricated (B) was advised (C) presented (D) spoke 訳：彼は自分の報告書を発表する前はとても緊張しているように見えた。 ※正解（C）。(A) は少し難しい単語ですが、「言い逃れをする」という意味の自動詞です。(B) は on や about などの前置詞が必要です。(D) の speak はある言語や言葉を話すときにしか使いません。 (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 The passing lane on a highway is intended to allow ------ to overtake those moving more slowly. (A) vehicles are fast-moving (B) vehicles are moving fast (C) vehicles move fast (D) fast-moving vehicles ※正解（D）。【解説】 allow ... to〜で「... に〜することを可能にする」の意味。allowの後には名詞（句）が来ることになる。したがって、正解はfast-moving vehiclesである。他の選択肢には動詞が入っているので不可となる。 2. 空所補充問題 Although the United Nations ------ of vital importance to world peace, many governments do not take it very seriously. (A) are (B) were (C) is (D) are that ※正解（C）。【解説】 the United Nations「国連」は単数である。当然、be動詞はisになる。 3. 空所補充問題 Crocodiles are often mistaken for alligators, ------ they are similar in many ways. (A) in spite of (B) because (C) regardless (D) due to ※正解（B）。【解説】 選択肢の中で、２つの文を繋ぐことが出来る接続詞はbecauseだけである。in spite ofとdue toは前置詞句、regardless「不注意な」は形容詞。 4. 空所補充問題 Some people believe that sending a man to Mars would be a noble undertaking, while others think ------ pure science fiction. (A) it would have been (B) it's (C) it will be (D) it had to be ※正解（B）。【解説】 前半は仮定法「... だろう」の文になっている。空所にit'sが入れば、「... だ」と考えを述べていることになる。 5. 空所補充問題 ------ one of the world's largest collections of historical artifacts. (A) At the Smithsonian Museum (B) It is the Smithsonian Museum (C) The Smithsonian Museum, with (D) The Smithsonian Museum has ※正解（D）。【解説】 空所の後に来る語句から、空所には主語と動詞が入ることが分かる。It is the Smithsonian Museumでは、その後にone of ... と名詞が続くことになる。正解はThe Smithsonian Museum hasである。 6. 正誤問題 Many drivers carry a (A)10-gallons can of gasoline in the trunk (B)in case they (C)run out of fuel (D)on a long trip. ※正解(A)。【解説】 a 10-gallons canのように、10とgallonsの間にハイフンを入れて形容詞として用いる場合には、複数形は単数形にするというルールがある。したがって、ここではa 10-gallon canとしなければならない。 7. 正誤問題 (A)Throughout history, societies (B)all over the world have built giant statues, such as (C)Statue of Liberty, to represent ideas and values they (D)hold dear. ※正解（C）。【解説】 「自由の女神像」はthe Statue of Libertyと言う。問題文では冠詞theが抜けている。 8. 正誤問題 Meteorologists (A)talk that in the open ocean, seismic sea waves often have (B)wavelengths of (C)up to several hundred miles, but heights of (D)less than 3 ft. ※正解(A)。【解説】 talkの直後にthat節を続ける用法はない。ここはsay that ... としなければならない。 9. 正誤問題 Ants are capable (A)to lift objects that (B)weigh (C)far more than (D)themselves. ※正解(A)。【解説】 capableの後に動詞を続ける場合には、「前置詞of＋動名詞」という形にする。ここではto liftではなくof liftingにする。 10. 正誤問題 Jumbo jets usually have heaters (A)inside the wings to (B)prevent the (C)form of ice (D)on the outer wing surface. ※正解（C）。【解説】 formは「形」の意味。ここではformation「形成」にしなければ文意が成立しない。 II.時事英文 An English Test (1その2：全4回シリーズ) Each year the TOEIC is taken in the United States about twenty thousand times. So how popular does that make it? Well, consider that last year the test was given more than five million times worldwide. Non-native English speakers take the test to demonstrate their English skills when seeking a new job or a promotion. Some organizations use the TOEIC to measure progress in English training programs and as a placement test. The cost of the test is set locally in each country. III - a. 雑知識
III -b. 英語でどう言う？ バッタリ会う come across 【例文】I came across an old friend of mine at the station. 待ち合わせる arrange to meet 【例文】Takeshi arranged to meet his girlfriend in front of the library. 声をかける speak to 【例文】A stranger spoke to me at the video arcade. すれ違う pass each other 【例文】Hiroko didn't say a word when we passed each other in the hallway. III-c Phrases in the News 思いやり予算 sympathy budget ※While the financial burden that the Japanese government bears for U.S. forces stationed in Japan is officially called "Host Nation Support", the more popular term is "sympathy budget". ※日本政府が負担する在日米軍の駐留経費は、公式には「駐留国受け入れ支援」と呼ばれるが、「思いやり予算」という名称の方がよく使われる。 IV. Jokes a. Leaving the party late, two friends compare notes about their wives. "I can never fool my wife," the first says. "I turn off the car engine, coast into the garage, sneak upstairs and undress in the bedroom. But she always hears me. And then she wakes up and yells at me for being out late." "You should do what I do," says his buddy. "I roar into the garage, stomp up the steps, throw open the door and start kissing my wife. And she pretends to be asleep." b. A new high-tech supermarket has just opened near my house. It uses interactive media to enhance the shopping experience. When you go into the vegetable department, you hear the sound of a distant rainstorm and can smell fresh, buttered sweet corn. When you approach the milk section, you hear cows mooing and smell fresh hay. And when you approach the eggs, you hear hens clucking and the air is filled with the aroma of a full breakfast. I've started buying my toilet paper from the local corner shop. c. Sid complains to his doctor that he keeps seeing bright yellow flashes and black wavy lines in front of his eyes. "Have you seen an optician?" asks the concerned doctor. "No," Sid replies. "Just yellow flashes and black wavy lines." d. When Sam, our ridgeback cross, was three months old, the kids took him to the local store without a lead - he was very obedient. They told him to "sit" on the front step while they went inside to play pinball. They then rewarded him with a chocolate frog. Several weeks later, I called into the store for milk. The storekeeper asked if I was aware the dog had been coming to the shop alone in the early afternoons, while the kids were at school and I was at work. He would sit on the front step for up to an hour - waiting for his chocolate frog. When she caved in, he would wag his tail and take off back home. We found Sam had dug a hole under the back fence behind a large shrub, so well concealed we would never have found it. He had never dug in view of any of us and was always on his best behavior when we were home - smart and sneaky! |