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資料No. ： NS090218
I-1 TOEIC, TOEFL練習問題 (1) TOEIC 1. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 My daughter plans _______ a psychology course next semester. (A) to learn (B) to take (C) to apply (D) to study 2. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 If we _______ to the store last week, we wouldn't have missed the sale. (A) were to go (B) had gone (C) would go (D) have gone 3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The manager wanted the new secretary _______ the letters by 5:00. (A) will finish (B) finishing (C) could finish (D) to finish 4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 We suggest that you get in touch _______ our Dallas office on that. (A) to (B) by (C) with (D) for 5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 We are writing to _______ that the renewal date has been extended. (A) have reminded you (B) remind to you (C) remind you (D) reminding you 6. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 If I had been there I could have _______. (A) been help (B) helped (C) helping (D) helpful 7. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 _______ do you think about the new model? (A) Which (B) What (C) Who (D) Maybe 8. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Municipal bonds, despite -----, are becoming more and more popular among investors. (A) they yield lower (B) in a lower yield (C) their lower yield (D) lower they yield 9. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 all --- for employment should fill out the questionnaire before the exam. (A) appliances (B) appearances (C) approaches (D) applicants 10. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 It was so noisy in the room that they could not --- the footsteps approaching from the garden. (A) cry (B) listen (C) hear (D) speak 11. Part VI; Error Recognition練習問題 When I was (A)a children, my father was always (B)available (C)to talk over any problems that I (D)had. 12. Part VI; Error Recognition練習問題 The students (A)were busy (B)to prepare for the school festival (C)when it (D)was cancelled because of a typhoon. 13. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 In a (A)previous life, I was (B)a magician who was famous (C)far and around for (D)helping people with their problems. (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 It seems ----- just when the Asian art of paper folding emerged, although it is likely to have developed out of an older tradition of the decorative folding of cloth. (A) not being clear (B) to have been unclear (C) unclear (D) unclearly 2. 空所補充問題 The design of a building requires the architect ----- in a continuous dialogue between theoretical and practical considerations. (A) to engage (B) engaging (C) engage (D) engaged 3. 空所補充問題 The Treaty of Versailles formally ending World War I was harshly criticized not only by the vanquished, -----. (A) and by the victors as well (B) but by the victors as well (C) but by the victors indeed (D) or by the victors too 4. 空所補充問題 Since ancient boats were typically constructed out of perishable materials, archaeologists ----- find them intact and often must rely on contemporary artistic depictions of them. (A) unlikely (B) almost not ever (C) hardly never (D) rarely 5. 空所補充問題 ----- the most valuable and endangered tree species of tropical South America are the hardwoods teak and mahogany. (A) Within (B) Throughout (C) Among (D) Without 6. 正誤問題 It was (B)after German author Thomas Mann received (B)the Nobel Prize for literature in 1929 that he (C)goes on to create his most mature and distinguished (D)works. 7. 正誤問題 (A)Historic linguistics (B)is the study of the (C)changes languages (D)undergo over the centuries. 8. 正誤問題 (A)A controversy is currently (B)being raged in the field of artificial intelligence (C)over whether 'intelligent' computers reproduce human intelligence, or (D)merely mimic it. 9. 正誤問題 Cryogenics (A)is the science, (B)while still in its infancy, of preserving dead animals in a frozen state and (C)attempting to revive (D)them at a later date. 10. 正誤問題 (A)The human vertebral column (B)are also known (C)as the backbone, the spine (D)and the spinal column. I-2 TOEIC, TOEFL練習問題解答 (1) TOEIC 1. Part V； Incomplete Sentence練習問題 My daughter plans _______ a psychology course next semester. (A) to learn (B) to take (C) to apply (D) to study 訳：娘は来学期、心理学の授業を取る予定でいます． ※正解（B）。コロケーションの問題。"a psychology course"「心理学の授業」となっているので、「取る」の意味の動詞が必要です。単に psychology であれば、「勉強する」の意の learn や study も可能です。 2. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 If we _______ to the store last week, we wouldn't have missed the sale. (A) were to go (B) had gone (C) would go (D) have gone 訳：もし先週にその店に行っていれば、セールを逃さなかったのに。 ※正解（B）。仮定法過去完了。wouldn't have missed は「あの時」のニュアンスを持っているので、If ... の節も「もしあの時」の意味を持たねばならず、過去完了の形になります。 3. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 The manager wanted the new secretary _______ the letters by 5:00. (A) will finish (B) finishing (C) could finish (D) to finish 訳：支配人は新しい秘書に 5 時までに手紙を書き終えてほしかった。 ※正解（D）。want ＋人＋ to ... の形で、「人に…してほしい」の意味。want はふつう that 節を伴うことはないので(A)や(C)は誤り。特に(A)では時制も合っていません。want ＋目的語＋ ...ing の形は通例否定文で用います。 4. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 We suggest that you get in touch _______ our Dallas office on that. (A) to (B) by (C) with (D) for 訳：その件については、当社のダラス支店に連絡を取られることをお勧めします。 ※正解（C）。「…と連絡をとる」（＝ contact）の意味になる熟語を考えます。in touch の部分が「連絡を取り合って」の意味を作っています。他に keep in touch with ...「…と連絡を続ける」等も知っておくとよいでしょう。 5. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 We are writing to _______ that the renewal date has been extended. (A) have reminded you (B) remind to you (C) remind you (D) reminding you 訳：更新時期が延長されたことの確認のためのお手紙を差し上げています。 ※正解（C）。have reminded you は時制が不自然。"to" の後ろはこの文では原形でなければならず、reminding you は不可。remind「思い出させる」の語法が問題。 6. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 If I had been there I could have _______. (A) been help (B) helped (C) helping (D) helpful 訳：もし私がそこにいたら、手伝うことができたのに。 ※正解（B）。If I had been という if 節から、主節は過去の事実に反する仮定を表す仮定法過去完了の文になることに注目します。この用法はという形を取ります。正解は、(B) の過去分詞 helped です。 7. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 _______ do you think about the new model? (A) Which (B) What (C) Who (D) Maybe 訳：新しいモデルについてはどう思いますか？ ※正解（B）。What do you think about 〜？ で「〜をどう思いますか？」という決まり文句です。(A) の Which は一定の人・事物の「どれか」という選択を尋ねる場合、(C) の Who は「誰？」と尋ねる疑問詞で、この場合不適切です。 8. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 Municipal bonds, despite -----, are becoming more and more popular among investors. (A) they yield lower (B) in a lower yield (C) their lower yield (D) lower they yield 訳：市が発行する債券は、ほかに比べて利息が低いにもかかわらず、投資家から次第に人気を得てきている。 ※正解（C）。解説 空所の前の despite は「〜にもかかわらず」という意味の前置詞なので、 (A)they yield lower や (D)lower they yield のように節が来ることはない。また、 (B) のように前置詞 in が来るのも誤り。文法上正しいのは、 (C)their lower yield のみ。 9. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 all --- for employment should fill out the questionnaire before the exam. (A) appliances (B) appearances (C) approaches (D) applicants 訳：就職志願者は皆、試験前にアンケートを書くこと。 ※正解（D）。fill out「(書式・文書などに)所用の書き込みをする」(A) appliance「(特定の目的のための)器具、装置」(B) appearance「外観、様子」(D) applicant [+for]「(〜への)志願者、応募者」 10. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 It was so noisy in the room that they could not --- the footsteps approaching from the garden. (A) cry (B) listen (C) hear (D) speak 訳：部屋はあまりにも騒がしかったので、彼らには庭から近づいてくる足音が聞こえなかった。 ※正解（C）。(B) listenは「意識的、積極的な行為」(C) hearは「聞こえる」「耳に入る」という消極的な意味が中心。hearは普通進行形で用いないが、listenは用いる。 11. Part VI; Error Recognition練習問題 When I was (A)a children, my father was always (B)available (C)to talk over any problems that I (D)had. 訳：子どもの頃問題があると、父はいつも何の相談にものってくれた。 ※正解（A）。a children → child。(A) children [childの複数形] (C) talk over「(〜を)相談する、論議する」 12. Part VI; Error Recognition練習問題 The students (A)were busy (B)to prepare for the school festival (C)when it (D)was cancelled because of a typhoon. 訳：台風で学園祭がキャンセルになったとき、学生たちは忙しく準備していたのだった。 ※正解（B）。to prepare for → preparing。(A) busy [ (+in) + doing]「(〜するのに)忙しくて、せっせと(〜して)いて」現在はinを用いないほうが一般的。(D) cancel「(予約・注文などを)取り消す、キャンセルする」 13. Part V; Incomplete Sentence練習問題 In a (A)previous life, I was (B)a magician who was famous (C)far and around for (D)helping people with their problems. 訳：以前の生活では、わたしは問題を抱えた人々を助けることで広く知られた奇術師だった。 ※正解（C）。far and around → far and wide。(A) previous「先の、前の、以前の」(C) far and wide「遠く広く、あまねく」 (2) TOEFL 1. 空所補充問題 It seems ----- just when the Asian art of paper folding emerged, although it is likely to have developed out of an older tradition of the decorative folding of cloth. (A) not being clear (B) to have been unclear (C) unclear (D) unclearly ※正解（C）。【解説】 seemsの後に形容詞unclearを続ければ、「アジアの芸術である折り紙(paper folding)がいつ登場した(emerged)のか、その時期ははっきりしていないようである」の意味になる。 2. 空所補充問題 The design of a building requires the architect ----- in a continuous dialogue between theoretical and practical considerations. (A) to engage (B) engaging (C) engage (D) engaged ※正解（A）。【解説】 require ... to〜で「……に〜することを必要とする」の意味になる。正解は(A) to engageである。 3. 空所補充問題 The Treaty of Versailles formally ending World War I was harshly criticized not only by the vanquished, -----. (A) and by the victors as well (B) but by the victors as well (C) but by the victors indeed (D) or by the victors too ※正解（B）。【解説】 not only ... の後に来るのはbut alsoだが、alsoは省略されることがあるので、正解は(B) not by the victors as wellである。このas wellがalsoと同じ働きをしている。The Treaty of Versailles「ベルサイユ条約」。 4. 空所補充問題 Since ancient boats were typically constructed out of perishable materials, archaeologists ----- find them intact and often must rely on contemporary artistic depictions of them. (A) unlikely (B) almost not ever (C) hardly never (D) rarely ※正解（D）。【解説】 「古代の船は腐りやすい(perishable)材質で出来ていたので、そのままのかたちで(intact)見つけることは……」。この後に続く副詞は？rarely「めったにない」を使えば意味が通るようになる。 5. 空所補充問題 ----- the most valuable and endangered tree species of tropical South America are the hardwoods teak and mahogany. (A) Within (B) Throughout (C) Among (D) Without ※正解（C）。【解説】 amongには「……の仲間である」という意味がある。The hardwoods teak and mahogany are among ... のamong ... が文頭に倒置されていることに注意。 6. 正誤問題 It was (B)after German author Thomas Mann received (B)the Nobel Prize for literature in 1929 that he (C)goes on to create his most mature and distinguished (D)works. ※正解（C）。【解説】 goes → went。接続詞after、冠詞theに問題はない。この文の時制は過去形なので、goesはwentになる。worksは可算名詞で「作品」の意味。 7. 正誤問題 (A)Historic linguistics (B)is the study of the (C)changes languages (D)undergo over the centuries. ※正解(A)。【解説】 Historic → Historical。historicは「歴史的に有名な」という意味。歴史言語学はhistorical linguisticsと言う。undergo「受ける、経験する」。 8. 正誤問題 (A)A controversy is currently (B)being raged in the field of artificial intelligence (C)over whether 'intelligent' computers reproduce human intelligence, or (D)merely mimic it. ※正解(B)。【解説】 being raged → raging。この場合のcontroversy「論争」は可算名詞。rage「激怒する」は自動詞、したがって、being ragedはragingにしなくてはいけない。前置詞over、副詞merelyの用法に誤りはない。 9. 正誤問題 Cryogenics (A)is the science, (B)while still in its infancy, of preserving dead animals in a frozen state and (C)attempting to revive (D)them at a later date. ※正解(B)。【解説】 while still → still。cryogenics「低温学」は単数なのでisに問題はない。while stillのwhileは余分である。attemptingは前のofに続いている。themはanimalsのことである。 10. 正誤問題 (A)The human vertebral column (B)are also known (C)as the backbone, the spine (D)and the spinal column. ※正解(B)。【解説】 are → is。冠詞theに問題はない。human vertebral column「人間の脊椎」は単数であるので、areではなくisで受ける。is also known as ... で「……としても知られている」の意味。接続詞andの用法に誤りはない。 II.時事英文 Proverbs (その5：全5回シリーズ) Some people are only interested in having a relationship with someone who is very good-looking. You might tell them that "Beauty is only skin deep." Your girlfriend may be lovely to look at, but she may also have some bad qualities. Or the opposite may be true. Your boyfriend is a wonderful person, but not good-looking. So what a person looks like is not really important. Another proverb is true in love and war or other situations: "Actions speak louder than words." It means that what you do is more important than what you say. Sadly, we have no more time for this program. So we must say, "All good things must come to an end." III - a. 雑知識
III-b. 英語のことわざ ◆Walls have ears◆ This proverb does not literally mean that walls have ears, but it means that you should be careful about what you say. You never know who may be listening. III -c. 英語でどう言う？ ドリブルする dribble 【例文】He dribbled past three players. シュートする take a shot / shoot 【例文】H etook a beautiful shot in the first half of the game, but it was blocked by the goalkeeper. ヘディングする head 【例文】She headed the ball to the defender. ゴールを決める score a goal 【例文】He scored a goal five minutes into the game. 彼は試合開始の5分後にゴールを決めた III-d 今週のイディオム scare up 〜をかき集める、用意する (make or come up with something although you have very few things to make it from or choose from) scareは動物などを「おびえさせる、怖がらせる」の意味で、食料となる獲物を木の上に追い詰めて、手に入れる様子から生まれた表現。必要なものを何とか「かき集める」、「努力して入手する」と言う文脈で使います。 There's extra guests, but I think we can scare up enough food for everyone. (お客さんが増えてしまったけれど、全員に行き渡るだけの食べ物は用意できると思うよ) I scared up a few friends for a poker game. (ポーカーをするのに友達を何人かかき集めた) Go down to the garage and try to scare up some more tools for this job. (ガレージに行って、この作業に必要な道具をもう少し探してみてくれ) IV. Jokes a. Nothing rattles my father-in-law, especially when there's a football game on TV. One day, we were watching a game when my mother-in-law shrieked from the kitchen, "Jim, there's a horsefly in here!" Not taking his eyes off the screen he barked back, "Give it some cough syrup." b. Following months of persuasion, my friend finally got his notoriously stingy father to put him on the family car's insurance and teach him how to drive. The lessons went well, with only a few father-son disagreements along the way, until that day my friend was learning the art of driving on a three-lane road. Tailing a vehicle in the slow lane round a bend to the left, my friend indicated and started to overtake. "Get back in the left lane!" his father shouted. Assuming he was being told off for driving too fast, my friend insisted, "But I'm still going below the limit." "Yes," replied his father, "but the left lane is shorter so we can save on petrol." c. While reviewing future, past and present tense with my Year Nine English class, I posed the question, " 'I am beautiful' is what tense? One student answered. "Past tense." d. We were really confused. While transcribing medical audiotapes, a colleague came upon the following garbled diagnosis: "This man has pholenfrometry." Knowing nothing about that particular condition, she double-checked with the doctor. After listening to the tape, he shook his head. "This man," he said, "has fallen from a tree." e. Six guys are playing poker. After losing $500 on one hand, Smith clutches his chet and topples over, dead at the table. T decide who's going to tell his wife, his buddies draw straws John picks the short one. "Break it to her gently," the rest urge. "Leave it to me," he says. When Smith's wife comes to the door, John says, "Your husband just lost $500 playing cards." "How much?" the wife yells, eyes blazing. "Tell him to drop dead!" f. I see a sign that says "Caution, Small Children Playing." I slow down and then it occurs to me: "I'm not afraid of small children. |